1,721,191 research outputs found
The other side of progestins: Effects in the brain
No full textProgestins are a broad class of progestational agents widely differing in their chemical structures and pharmacological properties. Despite emerging data suggest that progestins, besides their action as endometrial protection, can also have multiple nonreproductive functions, much remains to be discovered regarding the actions exerted by these molecules in the nervous system. Here, we report the role exerted by different progestins, currently used for contraception or in postmenopausal hormone replacement therapies, in regulating cognitive functions as well as social behavior and mood. We provide evidence that the effects and mechanisms underlying their actions are still confusing due to the use of different estrogens and progestins as well as different doses, duration of exposure, route of administration, baseline hormonal status and age of treated women. We also discuss the emerging issue concerning the relevant increase of these substances in the environment, able to deeply affect aquatic wildlife as well as to exert a possible influence in humans, which may be exposed to these compounds via contaminated drinking water and seafood. Finally, we report literature data showing the neurobiological action of progestins and in particular their importance during neurodegenerative events. This is extremely interesting, since some of the progestins currently used in clinical practice exert neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory effects in the nervous system, opening new promising opportunities for the use of these molecules as therapeutic agents for trauma and neurodegenerative disorders
La responsabilità nella prescrizione e nell'uso degli stupefacenti nel trattamento del dolore severo
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Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Riflessioni su dichiarazioni anticipate di trattamento e demenza
No full textLe questioni di fine vita nei pazienti con demenza sono un tema relativamente poco approfondito nel nostro Paese, nonostante gli studi sulla prevalenza di questa malattia stimino che oggi le persone che ne sono affette siano più di sette milioni in Europa e più di ventiquattro nel mondo e, soprattutto, che questi numeri siano destinati a raddoppiare ogni venti anni.
Anche il dibattito intorno al disegno di legge “Disposizioni in materia di alleanza terapeutica, di consenso informato e di dichiarazioni anticipate di trattamento” recentemente approvato dal Senato sembra concentrarsi esclusivamente sugli stati vegetativi e non è stato occasione per evidenziare le peculiarità di una situazione che, in funzione dello stadio del deterioramento presente al momento della diagnosi, può comportare una durata di vita con la malattia variabile da tre a venti anni, durante i quali il paziente andrà incontro ad una perdita graduale, anche se irreversibile, delle sue abilità cognitive e che, proprio per questa ragione, ben potrebbe avvalersi dello strumento della dichiarazione anticipata quale reale opportunità di esercitare il diritto all’autodeterminazione in merito alle sue future necessità di cura.
Scopo di questo lavoro è quello di discutere criticamente alcuni snodi problematici relativi alle dichiarazioni anticipate di trattamento nel caso specifico delle demenze, quali la valutazione della capacità di agire in questi pazienti (pregiudiziale alla possibilità di redigere atti giuridicamente validi), la questione della vincolatività da riconoscere a determinazioni pregresse contrarie a manifestazioni di volontà attuali, la problematica del consenso anticipato a prendere parte a studi clinici ...
Attraverso una revisione della letteratura internazionale, si discute un possibile modello di documento di disposizioni anticipate specifico per persone affette da demenza
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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