1,720,965 research outputs found
Centenarium
No full textThe neuter substantive centenarium appears in a series of
documents to designate a particular type of building. The
etymology and precise meaning of this word have long
been debated by scholars, who have proposed a wide
range of explanations, none of which appears to be entirely
satisfactory. In this paper, we put forward a different solution,
taking into account textual, archaeological and linguistic
evidence. In our opinion, the word centenarium
comes from centenum, which means a kind of a cereal;
thus, centenarium indicates a ‘fortified grain-house’. It
seems probable that original centenaria were military structures
of varying shape and size, first created in the third
century and then spreading in the Tetrarchic period.
They appear to be distinctive of the African provinces,
from which comes most of the evidence, but one cannot
exclude that the same name was applied to similar structures
in other parts of the Empire (such as in the Iberian
Peninsula, for instance). The military centenaria were
later imitated by private landlords – maybe even indigenous
chieftains in charge of the defence of sectors of the
frontier – who transferred the name to their unofficial or
para-official defensive structures. This process of emulation
was already advanced in Constantinian age
Il territorio di Leptis Magna: ricognizioni tra Ras el-Mergheb e Ras el-Hammam (2007)
No full textI primi dati di una nuova indagine di superficie condotta nel territorio a sud di Leptis Magna
Combattere a Leptis Magna: archeologia della Guerra di Libia
No full textFighting at Lepcis Magna: Libyan War Archaeology. Just 100 years ago, declaring war on Turkey for the conquest of the Ottoman provinces of Tripolitania and Cyrenaica, Italy started one of the last great colonial wars (the last should have been Mussolini’s war against Ethiopia in 1935-1936). During this conflict, the outskirts of the small village of Lebda were the location of bloody battles. The Italian troops landed at Khoms on the 21st of October 1911 and conquered the dominant hill of Ras el-Mergheb on the 27th of February 1912, but bloody fights occurred again on the 5th-6th of March, when Arab-Turks came back in order to recover the strategic position. After the Italian occupation of the ruins of Lebda (Lepcis Magna) on the 2nd of May, the opposing troops clashed on the ancient agger of Monticelli on the 12th of June. The location of Italian strongholds and the lines of Arab-Turkish attacks were roughly known through the contemporary military accounts. The more precise locations of the battlefields were accidentally recorded in one of the samples of the multi-period archaeological survey which the University of Roma Tre has conducted in the territory of Lepcis Magna since 1995. Classical and medieval archaeologists have had to examine the military evidence for more modern conflict archaeology. The discovery of elements of the munitions supplied to the two armies made it possible to identify their positions in the field. Surface finds included cartridge cases and bullets of the Italian guns Vetterli Vitali mod. 1870/87 and Carcano mod. 1891, of which there were also brass stripper clips, and the Turkish Mauser M1887. Fragments of shells and numerous shrapnel lead balls testify to the widespread use of artillery
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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