626 research outputs found
Reproduction package for the publication 'New radiative loss curve from updates to collisional excitation in the low-density, optically thin plasmas in SPEX'
No full textThe following files can be used to reproduce the Figures and data from the paper New radiative loss curve from updates to collisional excitation in the low-density, optically thin plasmas in SPEX by L. Štofanová, J. Kaastra, M. Mehdipour, and J. de Plaa accepted to be publish in Section 12. Atomic, molecular, and nuclear data of Astronomy and Astrophysics (acceptance date - 27/06/2021).
Note: version 2 is the most updated version (change in Fig.7)
An Autoencoder-Based Deep-Learning Method for Augmenting the Sensing Capability of Piezoelectric Microelectromechanical System Sensors in a Fluid-Dynamic System
No full textHerein, an innovative deep-learning architecture is proposed to enhance the sensing capabilities of a microelectromechanical system (MEMS) used in fluid dynamic applications. The MEMS sensor comprises a polyvinylidene fluoride flexible (PVDF) piezoelectric flag and a bluff body, with vortex generation influenced not only by the bluff body's geometry but also by the input fluid speed. As a result, mechanical vibrations are induced in the piezoelectric flag, leading to charge displacement and the generation of electrical voltage signals. Through the developed deep learning method, accurate extraction of wind speed and successful classification of turbulence are achieved. Experimental tests in a wind tunnel, involving various wind speeds and bluff body geometries, demonstrate the robust correlation between the extracted continuous manifold in Fourier spectra and wind speed. By incorporating a feed-forward network alongside the autoencoder, wind speed information even under strong turbulence is extracted. Moreover, the deep learning method's ability to classify different bluff bodies, independent of wind speed, is investigated. The findings reveal a unique capability to fingerprint turbulence and distinguish them for various applications. This research showcases the potential of our deep learning-based MEMS systems for enhancing fluid dynamic sensing and classification tasks
Comprehensive experimental study on bluff body shapes for vortex-induced vibration piezoelectric energy harvesting mechanisms
No full textVortex-induced vibration (VIV) is an appropriate mechanism to harvest energy from the low-speed wind energy by flexible piezoelectric flags as transducers. To enhance the low-speed wind energy harvesting, this work proposes a novel study on finding the best possible combination of bluff body shape and flag configuration. This study considered several bluff body shapes in different cross sections and flag configurations as two crucial parameters for finding an appropriate combination. In high flexible piezoelectric flag, zero strain or electrical canceling point along the length of the flag is an important parameter that could be considered in energy harvester design. To this purpose, wind tunnel experiments were conducted to investigate the combination of proper bluff body shape and flag configuration to improve the harvester performance. The proposed bluff body shapes are classified by drag and lift coefficients which are calculated by a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis. Then, several flag configurations in different active area length were clamped to these bluff bodies and tested in the wind tunnel in low wind speed range. The analysis in time and frequency domain of the acquired voltage lead to the conclusion that in low wind speed the bluff body with higher drag coefficients can excite more the longer full active piezoelectric flags, consequently generating more energy. However, for the same bluff body shapes, short full active flags generate more energy in higher wind speed. This study could develop a new experimental approach on finding the most favorable combination of bluff body shape and flag configuration which is as important as just considering bluff body shape to improve the efficiency of the low-speed wind piezoelectric energy harvesting system
Photoionisation modelling of the X-ray emission line regions within the Seyfert 2 AGN NGC 1068
No full textAIMS: We investigate the photoionised X-ray emission line regions (ELRs) within the Seyfert 2 galaxy NGC 1068 to determine if there are any characteristic changes between observations taken 14 years apart. METHODS: We compared XMM-Newton observations collected in 2000 and 2014, simultaneously fitting the reflection grating spectrometer and EPIC-pn spectra of each epoch, for the first time, with the photoionisation model, PION, in SPEX. RESULTS We find that four PION components are required to fit the majority of the emission lines in the spectra of NGC 1068, with logζ = 1-4, log N_{H} > 26 m^{-2}, and v_{out} = -100 to -600 km s^{-1} for both epochs. Comparing the ionisation state of the components shows almost no difference between the two epochs, while there is an increase in the total equivalent column density. To estimate the locations of these plasma regions from the central black hole, we compare distance methods, excluding the variability arguments as there is no spectral change between observations. Although the methods are unable to constrain the distances for each plasma component, the locations are consistent with the narrow line region, with the possibility of the higher ionised component being part of the broad line region; we cannot conclude this for certain, but the photoionisation modelling does suggest this is possible. In addition, we find evidence for emission from collisionally ionised plasma, while previous analysis had suggested that collisional plasma emission was unlikely. However, although PION is unable to account for the Fe » XVII emission lines at 15 and 17 Å, we do not rule out that photoexcitation is a valid processes to produce these lines as well. CONCLUSIONS: NGC 1068 has not changed, both in terms of the observed spectra or from our modelling, within the 14 year time period between observations. This suggests that the ELRs are fairly static relative to the 14 year time frame between observations, or there is no dramatic change in the spectral energy distribution, resulting from a lack of black hole variability
Dual Role of Accretion Disk Winds as X-Ray Obscurers and UV Line Absorbers in AGN
No full textX-ray obscuration of active galactic nuclei (AGNs) is considered in the context of ionized winds of stratified structure launched from accretion disks. We argue that a Compton-thick layer of a large-scale disk wind can obscure continuum X-rays and also lead to broad UV absorption, such as in the blue wing of C iv; the former originates from the inner wind and the latter from the outer wind, as a dual role. Motivated by a number of lines of observational evidence showing strong AGN obscuration phenomena in Seyfert 1 AGNs such as NGC 5548, we demonstrate in this work, by utilizing a physically motivated wind model coupled to post-process radiative transfer calculations, that an extended disk wind under certain physical conditions (e.g., morphology and density) could naturally cause a sufficient obscuration qualitatively consistent with UV/X-ray observations. Predicted UV/X-ray correlation is also presented as a consequence of variable spatial size of the wind in this scenario
Concurrent adakitic and non-adakitic Late Miocene-Quaternary magmatism at the Sahand volcano, Urumieh-Dokhtar Magmatic Arc (NW Iran)
No full textThe Sahand volcano in NW Iran is characterised by voluminous Late Miocene to Quaternary magmatic activity. Petrographic, mineral chemical, whole-rock geochemical and Sr-Nd-Pb isotope data allowed to identify two rock groups, continuously emplaced from the ancient Paleo-Sahand to the later Neo-Sahand stages. These are represented by abundant evolved rocks, with dacitic to rhyolitic compositions and less common intermediate (andesitic) rocks. Both rock types have the typical LILE-enriched and HFSE-depleted fingerprints of magmas originated from subduction-modified mantle sources, as well as radiogenic Sr- and Pb- (18.8–18.9 206Pb/204Pb, 15.6–15.7 207Pb/204Pb and 38.8–39.2 208Pb/204Pb) isotope compositions. Nevertheless, the evolved rocks have lower 87Sr/86Sr (0.70437–0.70491 vs 0.70494–0.70585) and display an evident high Sr/Y vs Y and high La/Yb vs Yb “adakitic” signature, suggesting derivation from the partial melting of lower continental crust rocks, rather than from the differentiation of the non-adakitic intermediate rocks. The latter would be the derivative melts of magmas generated by the partial melting of lithospheric mantle sources modified by metasomatic fluids released by the subducted Neotethyan oceanic lithosphere. During their ascent and differentiation, these magmas likely provided the heat necessary to induce partial melting of the lower continental crust, eventually producing adakitic evolved magmas. Quantitative models and geothermobarometric calculations suggest that differentiation processes for both rock groups occurred mainly by polybaric fractional crystallisation (in the 29–4 km depth range), possibly coupled with minor assimilation of local crustal rocks.
The peculiar style of the Sahand magmatic activity (with both adakitic and non-adakitic products) and its temporal evolution (with an overall increase of the degree of evolution and a decrease of the non-adakitic melts) are somewhat different with respect to those of the coeval neighbouring districts of Saray, Sabalan and Bijar-Qorveh. These can be reconciled within a general model for NW Iran where magmatism is triggered by upwelling of the sub-lithospheric mantle as a consequence of slab break-off (or the opening of a slab tear). The progressive propagation (and subsequent exhaustion) of the thermal pulse and the increasing thickness of the continental crust played a main role in determining both the progressively later inception of active magmatism (from ~11 to 4.5 Ma) and the change in magma types (from largely variable to adakitic only) at increasing distance from the Iran-Arabia suture
Available energy in cars’ exhaust system for IoT remote exhaust gas sensor and piezoelectric harvesting
No full textThe exhaust system of the light-duty diesel engine has been evaluated as a potential environment for a mechanical energy recovery system for powering an IoT (Internet of Things) remote sensor. Temperature, pressure, gas speed, mass flow rate have been measured in order to characterize the exhaust gas. At any engine point explored, thermal energy is by far the most dominant portion of the exhaust energy, followed by the pressure energy and lastly kinetic energy is the smallest fraction of the exhaust energy. A piezoelectric flexible device has been tested as a possible candidate as an energy harvester converting the kinetic energy of the exhaust gas flow, with a promising amount of electrical energy generated in the order of microjoules for an urban or extra-urban circuit
Concurrent adakitic and non-adakitic Late Miocene-Quaternary magmatism at the Sahand volcano, Urumieh-Dokhtar Magmatic Arc (NW Iran)
No full textThe Sahand volcano in NW Iran is characterised by voluminous Late Miocene to Quaternary magmatic activity. Petrographic, mineral chemical, whole-rock geochemical and Sr-Nd-Pb isotope data allowed to identify two rock groups, continuously emplaced from the ancient Paleo-Sahand to the later Neo-Sahand stages. These are represented by abundant evolved rocks, with dacitic to rhyolitic compositions and less common intermediate (andesitic) rocks. Both rock types have the typical LILE-enriched and HFSE-depleted fingerprints of magmas originated from subduction-modified mantle sources, as well as radiogenic Sr- and Pb- (18.8–18.9 206Pb/204Pb, 15.6–15.7 207Pb/204Pb and 38.8–39.2 208Pb/204Pb) isotope compositions. Nevertheless, the evolved rocks have lower 87Sr/86Sr (0.70437–0.70491 vs 0.70494–0.70585) and display an evident high Sr/Y vs Y and high La/Yb vs Yb “adakitic” signature, suggesting derivation from the partial melting of lower continental crust rocks, rather than from the differentiation of the non-adakitic intermediate rocks. The latter would be the derivative melts of magmas generated by the partial melting of lithospheric mantle sources modified by metasomatic fluids released by the subducted Neotethyan oceanic lithosphere. During their ascent and differentiation, these magmas likely provided the heat necessary to induce partial melting of the lower continental crust, eventually producing adakitic evolved magmas. Quantitative models and geothermobarometric calculations suggest that differentiation processes for both rock groups occurred mainly by polybaric fractional crystallisation (in the 29–4 km depth range), possibly coupled with minor assimilation of local crustal rocks.
The peculiar style of the Sahand magmatic activity (with both adakitic and non-adakitic products) and its temporal evolution (with an overall increase of the degree of evolution and a decrease of the non-adakitic melts) are somewhat different with respect to those of the coeval neighbouring districts of Saray, Sabalan and Bijar-Qorveh. These can be reconciled within a general model for NW Iran where magmatism is triggered by upwelling of the sub-lithospheric mantle as a consequence of slab break-off (or the opening of a slab tear). The progressive propagation (and subsequent exhaustion) of the thermal pulse and the increasing thickness of the continental crust played a main role in determining both the progressively later inception of active magmatism (from ∼11 to 4.5 Ma) and the change in magma types (from largely variable to adakitic only) at increasing distance from the Iran-Arabia suture
وضعيت بهداشت محيط آزمايشگاه هاي تشخيص طبي بخش خصوصي و دولتي شهر کرمان در سال 1393
No full textBackground and Objectives:Failure to comply with environmental health regulations can seriously affected the performance of the medical laboratory. The objective of this study was to evaluate the environmental health standards in medical diagnostic laboratories in Kerman, Iran.
Materials and Methods:This was a cross-sectional study conducted in Kerman, 2014. In this study we evaluated 21 laboratories from private sector and 4 laboratories from public (governmental) sector. Data were collected through a questionnaire with 25 questions in various fields of environmental health. Collected data were analyzed with SPSS 19 software and using descriptive statistics and Mann-Whitney U nonparametric test.
Results:The mean and standard deviation of scores related to the compliance with environmental health standards in all studied laboratories was 21±4.4, from maximum score of 25. Statistically significant difference was observed between public (governmental) and private laboratories scores (P = 0.02). About two-thirds (64%) of the all surveyed laboratories and more than three quarters (76.2%) of the private laboratories had desirable environmental health situation, but nogovernmental laboratory found that had fully good environmental health situation.
Conclusion:Our results showed that there is not high rate of compliance with the environmental health standards in Kerman medical diagnostic laboratories and we need to improve management practices and careful planning as well as continuous monitoring in the public and private laboratories.
How to cite this article: Khalooei A, Malakootian M, Mehdipour Rabouri M. Environmental Health Situation of Public and Private Medical Diagnostic Laboratories in Kerman, 2014.Irtiqa Imini Pishgiri Masdumiyat (Safety Promotion and Injury Prevention). 2016; 4(1):19-24. سابقه و هدف: عدم رعايت استانداردهاي بهداشت محيط ميتواند عملکرد آزمايشگاههاي تشخيص طبي را بهطورجدي تحت تأثير قرار دهد. هدف اين مطالعه بررسي رعايت استانداردهاي بهداشت محيط در آزمايشگاههاي تشخيص طبي شهر کرمان بود.
روش بررسي: در اين مطالعه توصيفي - تحليلي، تعداد 21 آزمايشگاه بخش خصوصي و 4 آزمايشگاه بخش دولتي شهر کرمان در سال 1393 موردبررسي قرار گرفت. دادهها از طريق يک چکليست استاندارد با 25 سؤال درزمينه هاي مختلف بهداشت محيط جمعآوري شد. دادههاي گردآوريشده با استفاده از نرمافزار SPSS نسخه 19 و با استفاده از آزمون نا پارامتري يو من ويتني تجزيهوتحليل گرديد.
يافتهها: ميانگين و انحراف معيار امتياز رعايت استانداردهاي بهداشت محيط در کل آزمايشگاههاي موردمطالعه 4/4±21 بود که ازنظر آماري اختلاف معنيداري بين وضعيت آزمايشگاههاي بخش خصوصي و دولتي وجود داشت(02/0=P). حدود دوسوم (64 درصد) کل آزمايشگاههاي موردبررسي و بيش از سهچهارم (2/76 درصد) آزمايشگاههاي خصوصي ازنظر رعايت استانداردهاي بهداشت محيط، وضعيت مطلوبي داشتند اما هيچکدام از آزمايشگاههاي دولتي از اين نظر وضعيت مطلوبي نداشتند.
نتيجهگيري: نتايج اين مطالعه نشان داد که ميزان رعايت استانداردهاي بهداشت محيط در آزمايشگاههاي تشخيص طبي کرمان بهاندازه کافي بالا نيست و ما به ارتقاء روشهاي مديريت و برنامهريزي دقيق به همراه نظارتهاي مستمر هم در بخش دولتي و هم در بخش خصوصي نياز داريم.
How to cite this article: Khalooei A, Malakootian M, Mehdipour Rabouri M. Environmental Health Situation of Public and Private Medical Diagnostic Laboratories in Kerman, 2014. J Saf Promot Inj Prev. 2016; 4(1):19-24
Dual Role of Accretion Disk Winds as X-Ray Obscurers and UV Line Absorbers in AGN
No full textX-ray obscuration of active galactic nuclei (AGNs) is considered in the context of ionized winds of stratified structure launched from accretion disks. We argue that a Compton-thick layer of a large-scale disk wind can obscure continuum X-rays and also lead to broad UV absorption, such as in the blue wing of C iv; the former originates from the inner wind and the latter from the outer wind, as a dual role. Motivated by a number of lines of observational evidence showing strong AGN obscuration phenomena in Seyfert 1 AGNs such as NGC 5548, we demonstrate in this work, by utilizing a physically motivated wind model coupled to post-process radiative transfer calculations, that an extended disk wind under certain physical conditions (e.g., morphology and density) could naturally cause a sufficient obscuration qualitatively consistent with UV/X-ray observations. Predicted UV/X-ray correlation is also presented as a consequence of variable spatial size of the wind in this scenario
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