1,721,008 research outputs found
Engagement as a Social Relation: A Leap into Trans-Modernity
Full text linkIn Modernity ‘engagement’ was understood in individual or collective terms: Weber and Marx offered the best-known exemplifications. Many sociologists still adhere to their basic paradigms. Many have also tried to combine them and have seen engagement as being co-determined by agency and by social structure. Although all acknowledge that engagement entails acting in, with, and usually through social relations, nevertheless, the intrinsically relational character of engagement has remained obscure, largely implicit and unexplored. Engagement has always entailed a social relation(s), but today is it is being re-examined as a relation because it is becoming more complex as it assumes morphogenetic connotations. Proposals for devising a new ‘relational sociology’ of engagement are on the increase. Yet these proposals are very different in their theoretical, methodological and applied approaches. We have to analyse them in more depth in order to clarify what ‘relational’ means.
The Author maintains that a distinction needs to be made between relational theories (based on critical and analytical realism) and relationistic theories (based on constructionist and relativistic assumptions). The latter involve central conflation between subjective and objective factors, as well as between the nature of the individual contribution and the historical configuration of engagement. A new conceptual framework is put forward here in order to understand engagement as a relational reality operating through reflexivity, especially the meta-reflexivity that is distinctive of the after-modern or trans-modern social order
Shear and longitudinal viscosity of non-ionic C12E8 aqueous solutions
No full textWe present an extensive set of measurements of steady shear viscosity (eta degrees(s)), longitudinal elastic modulus (M'), and ultrasonic absorption (alpha) in the one-phase isotropic liquid region of the non-ionic surfactant C12E8 aqueous solutions. Within a given temperature interval, this phase extends along the entire surfactant concentration range that could be fully covered in the experiments. In agreement with previous studies, the overall results support the presence of two separated intervals of concentration corresponding to different structural properties. In the surfactant-rich region the temperature dependence of 17% follows an equation characteristic of glass-like systems. The ultrasonic absorption spectra show unambiguous evidence of viscoelastic behavior that can be described by a Cole-Cole relaxation formula. In this region, when both the absorption and the frequency are scaled by the static shear viscosity (eta degrees(s)), the scaled attenuation reduces to a single universal curve for all temperatures and concentrations. In the water-rich region the behavior of eta degrees(s), M', and alpha are more complex and reflect the presence of dispersed aggregates whose size increases with temperature and concentration. At these concentrations the ultrasonic spectra are characterized by a multiple decay rate. The high-frequency tail falls in the same frequency range seen at high surfactant content and exhibits similar behaviors. This contribution is ascribed to the mixture of hydrophilic terminations and water present at the micellar interfaces that resembles the condition of a concentrated polymer solution. An additional low-frequency contribution is also observed, which is ascribed to the exchange of water molecules and/or surfactant monomers between the aggregates and the bulk solvent region
Towards a new European sociology: the morphogenetic approach between social analysis and grand theory
No full textThe effects of weathering on the physical and mechanical properties of igneous and metamorphic saprolites
No full textThe present paper presents three extensive datasets of laboratory testing on weathered geomaterials, which are emblematic of soil types widely found worldwide. The overall dataset includes soils originating from igneous and metamorphic rocks, either coarse or fine grained and having either felsic or mafic minerals. In particular, the data are interpreted to highlight the effects that weathering has on the physical and mechanical properties of these natural geomaterials comparing them with published data with the aim to provide a general framework of interpretation that takes into account this geological process and links soil mechanics to engineering geology. Generally, weathering induces a reduction in the grain size, both due to physical actions (e.g. opening of grain contacts) and to the chemical decomposition of minerals resulting in the formation of clay minerals. As weathering proceeds and the soil becomes finer, the in situ specific volume and the location of the normal compression and critical state lines move upwards in the volumetric plane. On the other hand, the clay minerals cause its angle of shearing resistance to reduce. When analysing the behaviour of the intact soil, in all cases positive effects of structure, albeit small compared to some sedimentary soils, were observed and these reduced as a consequence of weathering
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Ligth-Emitting Molecular Machines: Molecular Motions Nickel(II) Scorpionate Complexes Signalled by Fluorescent Emission
No full textVariations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Gli universali morali nella società senza esterno. Il contributo di Hans Joas alla teoria dei diritti e della dignità umana
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