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Small-angle maxima and cation-cation distances. differences between iron nitrate and perchlorate solutions.
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Danni cerebrali neonatali: la fallacia del post hoc ergo propter hoc
Full text linkPerinatal cerebral injury is an important subject in medical malpractice litigation. In most cases of claims for neonatal injuries the Italian Courts sentence the medical or hospital liability. The authors present a case of obstetrical negligence claim, in which parents alleged the severe mental retardation of their term born infant to negligence during labour. Although the most part of severe mental retardation is not the result of intrapartum injuries, the official expert call upon to judge established causation and identified the breach of duty in negligence in intermittent auscultation of foetal heart rate during labour. The authors underline that the research on the causation of neonatal cerebral injuries needs to focus more on antenatal events and reckon the causation not determinable in this case, lacking markers of the time of onset of brain injury, exclusion of other causes of mental retardation, and enough evidence to evaluate the use of foetal heart rate monitoring for assessment of its well being. The official expert’s conclusions are an example of post hoc fallacy
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
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