1,711 research outputs found
Ochicanthon vazdemelloi Latha & Sabu, sp. nov.
No full textOchicanthon vazdemelloi Latha & Sabu sp. nov. (Figs. 61–65) Description. Body (Fig. 61) predominantly black. Dorsal surface of head glabrous, with annular punctures separated by intervals fairly equal to their diameter. Pronotum moderately convex in lateral view, outline at base almost in line with that of elytral suture; laterobasal paramarginal ridge absent. Pronotal punctations (Fig. 62) similar to that on head, but becoming sparser medially; setae almost indistinct, straight and recumbent. Elytra strongly convex, lacking tubercles, suture conspicuously raised, except on apical quarter; striae shallow, wide, consisting of chains of circular depressions joined by straight sulci (Fig. 62); interstriae moderately convex, uneven, covered with fine, sparse setiferous punctures arranged in two rows; background microsculpture smooth; setae stout, arcuate and semi-erect, but never scale-like; lateral ridge posteriorly extended to level of apex of second stria. Mesosternum impunctate, meso-metasternal line subangulate; metasternal shield coarsely punctate, except in the centre, which is smooth (Fig. 63). Pygidium rather uniformly covered with shallow annular setiferous punctures. Male with base of metafemur forming a distinct angle and base of metatibia slender and arcuate. Protrochanter with outer margin arcuate. Hind wings absent. Aedeagus as in Figs. 64–65. Measurements (mm; n = 5): TL = 4.3 –5.0; BW = 2.7– 3.2; PL = 1.3–1.7; PW = 2.3–2.7; EL = 2.4–2.7. Type material: Holotype (male, in NPC): “ India, Kerala, Palghat District, Silent Valley National Park, 2010 m, montane evergreen forest, dung baited pit fall trap, 5.vi. 2009, leg. Vinod, K.V.” Paratypes (4): Same data as holotype, 3 females in NPC, SJC and ZSI-Ca; “ India, Kerala”, 1 male in MHNG. Distribution and natural history. Southwest India ( upper montane cloud forests at Silent Valley in the South Western Ghats montane rain forest ecoregion). Etymology. Named in honor of Fernando Z. Vaz-de-Mello, Veracruz, Brazil, who renamed the genus in 2003. Diagnosis. Only two Indian Ochicanthon species, O. devagiriensis and O. vazdemelloi, have the elytral pubescence arranged in rows. Ochicanthon vazdemelloi can be readily distinguished from O. devagiriensis by its indistinct pronotal pubescence. See diagnosis under O. besucheti and O. devagiriensis.Published as part of Latha, Mathews, Cuccodoro, Giulio & Sabu, Thomas K., 2011, Taxonomy of the dung beetle genus Ochicanthon Vaz-de-Mello (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae) of the Indian subcontinent, with notes on distribution patterns and flightlessness, pp. 1-29 in Zootaxa 2745 on page 22, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.27662
Ochicanthon devagiriensis Sabu & Latha, sp. nov.
No full textOchicanthon devagiriensis Sabu & Latha sp. nov. (Figs. 13–17) Description. Body (Fig. 13) predominantly black. Dorsal surface of head glabrous, with annular punctation separated by intervals approximately equal to their diameter. Pronotum in lateral view strongly convex, outline at base obtusely angled with that of elytral suture; laterobasal paramarginal ridge absent. Pronotal punctation (Fig. 14) consists of annular setiferous punctures separated by interval approximately equal to their diameter, becoming larger laterally and posteriorly; setae conspicuous, arcuate and semi-erect. Elytra in lateral view strongly convex, bearing about a dozen tubercles, some on posterior portion of disc projecting conspicuously; suture conspicuously raised, except on apical quarter; striae shallow, wide, consisting of chains of discoidal depressions joined by straight sulci (Fig. 14); interstriae moderately convex, uneven, covered with fine, sparse setiferous punctures arranged in two rows; background microsculpture smooth; setae stout, arcuate and semi-erect, never scale-like; lateral ridge posteriorly extended to level of apex of second stria. Mesosternum with sparse punctures towards base; meso-metasternal line angulate; metasternal shield with uniform punctation separated by intervals fairly equal to their diameter (Fig. 15). Pygidium rather uniformly covered with shallow annular setiferous punctures. Protrochanter with outer margin arcuate. Hind wings absent. Male lacking obvious secondary sexual characters. Aedeagus as in Figs 16–17. Measurements (mm; n = 27): TL = 3.8–4.3; BW = 2.2–2.4; PL = 1.3–1.4; PW = 2.1–2.3; EL = 1.9–2.2. Type material. Holotype (male, in NPC): “ India, Kerala, Idikki District, Umayamalai (Eravikulam National Park), 2368 m, upper montane evergreen forest, dung baited pit fall trap, 1. IX. 2007, Shiju, T.R.” Paratypes (26): Same data as holotype, 15 females in SJC and ZSI-Ca; same data as holotype, but 2. IX. 2007, 5 females in KFRI; “ India, Kerala, Idikki District, Rajamalai (Eravikulam National Park), 2114 m, montane evergreen forest, dung baited pit fall trap, 5. XII. 2006, Vinod, K.V,” 4 females in NPC; “ India, Kerala,” 1 male and 1 female in MHNG. Distribution and natural history. South India (upper montane evergreen forests at Eravikulam National Park, in the South Western Ghats montane rain forest ecoregion). Etymology. Named after the local name ‘Devagiri’ of St. Joseph’s College, Calicut, Kerala State, India. Diagnosis. Within the genus, the presence of projecting tubercles on elytral disc is unique to O. devagiriensis. Among the four wingless Indian species of Ochicanthon (see diagnosis under O. besucheti), only O. devagiriensis and O. vazdemelloi have the elytral pubescence arcuate, semi-erect and arranged in rows. The only other Ochicanthon species to possess erect elytral pubescence arranged in rows is O. hanskii Krikken & Huijbregts, 2007, from Borneo, which is interestingly also the only non-Indian wingless species of the genus.Published as part of Latha, Mathews, Cuccodoro, Giulio & Sabu, Thomas K., 2011, Taxonomy of the dung beetle genus Ochicanthon Vaz-de-Mello (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae) of the Indian subcontinent, with notes on distribution patterns and flightlessness, pp. 1-29 in Zootaxa 2745 on pages 7-10, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.27662
FIGURE 2. A–M in Two new species of Coprinopsis from Kerala State, India
No full textFIGURE 2. A–M: Coprinopsis squamulosa (G297 (CALI), holotype). A–C. Basidiocarps; D. Basidiospores; E. Basidia; F. Pseudoparaphyses; G–H. Cheilocystidia; I–K. Pleurocystidia; L. Pileipellis; M. Velar elements on the pileipellis. Scale bars: A–C = 10 mm; G, I, J & L = 50 µm; D–F, H, K & M = 20 µm.Published as part of Greeshma Ganga, K. G., Manimohan, Patinjareveettil & Deepna Latha, K. P., 2022, Two new species of Coprinopsis from Kerala State, India, pp. 149-158 in Phytotaxa 575 (2) on page 153, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.575.2.4, http://zenodo.org/record/741323
Crinipellis fibrillosa S. A. Sharafudheen, Manim. & K. P. D. Latha 2023, sp. nov.
No full text<i>Crinipellis fibrillosa</i> S. A. Sharafudheen, Manim. & K. P. D. Latha, <i>sp. nov.</i> Fig. 3A–N <p>MycoBank no.: MB 847918</p> <p> Etymology:— <i>fibrillosa</i> (L.), with fibrils; refers to the fibrillose pileus surface of this species.</p> <p> Diagnosis:—Differs from <i>C. tucumanensis</i> in having a pileus with radial rows formed by appressed fibrils, a longer stipe (up to 64 mm long), longer and narrow basidiospores (11–12 (–13) × 3–4 µm) and shorter cheilocystidia (up to 27 µm long).</p> <p> Type:— INDIA. Kerala State: Thrissur District, Kalasamala sacred grove, 10°40’18.7” N 76°05’18.8” E, 10 June 2017, <i>A. S. Shahina SA199</i> (holotype CALI!). GenBank accessions: nrITS: OQ617333 and nrLSU: OQ617342.</p> <p> Description:— <i>Basidiocarps</i> small. <i>Pileus</i> 5–10 mm diam., convex when young, becoming plano-convex to almost applanate with an occasional papilla visible in dried specimens under a lens; surface dark brown (7F8/OAC635) at the center, brown (7E8/OAC621) around it, reddish gray (7B2/OAC620) to grayish red (7B3/OAC634) towards the margin, with dark brown (7F8/OAC622) radially appressed fibrils, densely so at the center, often forming tufts in radial rows towards the margin and hanging from the margin; margin straight, appendiculate. <i>Lamellae</i> free, up to 2 mm wide, orange-white (5A2/OAC900) close; edge entire to the naked eye, finely torn under a lens, initially concolorous with the sides but in mature specimens the edge becomes dark brown (7F4/OAC737) on drying starting from the part close to the stipe and gradually spreading to the entire edge. <i>Stipe</i> 28–64 × 1 mm, central, terete, equal, solid; surface dark brown (6F8/OAC635), appressed-fibrillose all over; base insititious. <i>Rhizomorphs</i> not observed. <i>Context</i> very thin.</p> <p> <i>Basidiospores</i> 11–12 (–13) × 3–4 (11.83 ± 0.47 × 3.43 <i>±</i> 0.37) µm, Q = 2.75–4.0, Qm = 3.49, lanceolate, smooth, thin-walled, hyaline, inamyloid. <i>Basidia</i> 22.5–27 × 7–8.5 µm, clavate, 4-spored; sterigmata up to 5.5 µm long. <i>Pleurocystidia</i> 34–43 × 7.5–10 µm, scattered, clavate, elongate-clavate or subcylindrical, hyaline, thin- to slightly thick-walled. <i>Lamella-edge</i> heteromorphous. <i>Cheilocystidia</i> 17–27 × 4–9 µm, versiform: broadly fusiform, subcylindrical, obclavate, vesiculose or flexuous, often with a mucronate apex or bifurcating apical appendages up to 12 µm long, hyaline in young specimens, but with dark brown plasmatic pigment in mature specimens, turning greenish gray in 3% KOH, thin- to slightly thick-walled. <i>Lamellar trama</i> subregular; hyphae 3–17 µm wide, thin- to slightly thick-walled, hyaline, inamyloid. <i>Pileus trama</i> a duplex; upper half with narrow, parallelly interwoven 3–17 µm wide hyphae; lower half with inflated 32–74 × 11–22.5 µm wide, closely septate hyphae, thin- to slightly thick-walled, hyaline to pale yellow, inamyloid. <i>Pileipellis</i> a hypotrichium composed of closely septate, inflated hyphae giving rise to suberect terminal hairs; hypotrichial hyphae 6–13 µm wide, thin- to slightly thick-walled, hyaline or with a brownish wall pigment, turning grayish to grayish green in 3% KOH; hairs 80–555 × 4–8 µm, cylindrical or flexuous, with subacute to obtuse apices, often with septa, brown to light brown or hyaline, turning grayish to grayish green in 3% KOH, dextrinoid, thick-walled (up to 2.5 µm thick). <i>Stipitipellis</i> similar to the pileipellis but with narrow hypotrichial hyphae measuring 2–6 µm wide, hyaline or yellowish brown in water and 3% KOH, thick-walled (up to 1 µm thick); hairs 75–415 × 6–10.5 µm, narrowly cylindrical or at times tapering towards the apex, often branched, septate, hyaline or yellowish brown, turning grayish to grayish green in 3% KOH, thick-walled (up to 2 µm thick). <i>Stipe trama</i> dextrinoid. <i>Clamp connections</i> observed on all hyphae except at the base of basidia, cheilo- and pleurocystidia.</p> <p> Habitat: <i>—</i> Scattered on leaf litter, partially buried in the soil.</p> <p>Geographical distribution range:—Known only from the type locality in Kerala State, India.</p> <p> Comments:— <i>Crinipellis fibrillosa</i> has a pileus with dark brown appressed fibrils, free lamellae, a lamella-edge with cheilocystidia, a hypotrichium-type pileipellis giving rise to long, thick-walled, dextrinoid hairs turning grayish to grayish green in 3% KOH and a habitat on partially buried leaf litter. An exhaustive literature survey showed that the lamella-edge of no other described species of <i>Crinipellis</i> turns dark brown on drying or has the greenish gray coloration of dried lamella-edge in KOH.</p> <p> <i>Crinipellis tucumanensis</i> Singer (1976: 40), a species originally described from Argentina (Singer 1976), shows some similarities to <i>C. fibrillosa</i> in having a pileus of similar size (4–13 mm diam.), free lamellae, pleurocystidia of similar size and shape, a lamella-edge with cheilocystidia and the pileipellis hairs turning greenish in KOH. However, <i>C. tucumanensis</i> can be readily distinguished from <i>C. fibrillosa</i> as the former has a pileus lacking radial rows formed by appressed fibrils, a shorter stipe (up to 36 mm long), shorter and broader basidiospores (5.5–8.5 × 4–6 µm) and longer cheilocystidia (up to 40 µm long). <i>Crinipellis brunneoaurantiaca</i> Bandala, Montoya & Ryoo (in Bandala <i>et al.</i> 2012: 734), described from Mexico, is another species that shows the characteristic greenish color change of pileus hairs in KOH (Bandala <i>et. al.</i> 2012). That species shares some features such as pileus of similar size (2–9 mm diam.) and shape with an appendiculate margin, free lamellae, presence of cheilocystidia, septate pileipellis hairs and a dextrinoid stipe trama with <i>C. fibrillosa</i>. However, <i>C. brunneoaurantiaca</i> has a pileus with a conical to subacute central papilla, subdistant to distant lamellae, a shorter stipe (4–14 mm long) and a hymenium devoid of pleurocystidia.</p> <p> <i>Crinipellis fibrillosa</i> shows some features similar to <i>C. calderi</i> Pegler (1966: 106), a species described from Uganda (Pegler 1977), in having an initially convex and finally expanded-plane pileus with hairs sparser towards the margin, basidiospores of somewhat similar size (9–11.7 × 3.2–4.5 µm), a heteromorphous lamella-edge with cheilocystidia and septate pileipellis hairs. However, <i>C. calderi</i> is distinct from <i>C. fibrillosa</i> in having a radially sulcate pileus, distant and intervenose lamellae, a shorter stipe (up to 35 mm long), lamellae devoid of pleurocystidia and hypotrichial hyphae with incrusting pigments. <i>Crinipellis fibrillosa</i> is also similar to <i>C. malesiana</i> Kerekes, Desjardin & Vikinesw. (in Kerekes & Desjardin 2009: 125), a species from Southeast Asia, having a pileus of similar size (2–13 mm diam.) and shape, a hymenium with pleuro- and cheilocystidia, and a pileipellis with hyaline or brown hyphae turning greenish in KOH. However, this species differs from <i>C. fibrillosa</i> in having a pileus often with one or two raised concentric ridges surrounding a central papilla and a brown to brownish orange margin, adnexed to adnate lamellae, a shorter stipe (4–22 mm long), broader (4–6.5 µm) basidiospores, longer ((11–) 21–40 µm) cheilocystidia and a stipitipellis with caulocystidia (Kerekes & Desjardin 2009). A pairwise comparison of the nrITS sequence (NR_ 119706) of <i>C. malesiana</i> with that of <i>C. fibrillosa</i> showed only 83.59% similarity</p> <p> A BLASTn search of the GenBank nucleotide database using the nrITS sequence (661 bp) of <i>C. fibrillosa</i> showed an unnamed <i>Crinipellis</i> species, <i>Crinipellis</i> species RAK 391 (MN930626) as the closest hit with 88.75% sequence similarity. <i>Crinipellis pseudosplachnoides</i> (Hennings 1901: 47) Pat. ex Singer (1942: 510) (MK277895: 98.78%) resulted as the closest hit using nrLSU (903 bp) sequence. <i>Crinipellis pseudosplachnoides</i> is similar to <i>C. fibrillosa</i> in having a pileus with a brown center, an insititious stipe, a hymenium with cheilo- and pleurocystidia and the pileipellis hairs with septations. But <i>C. pseudosplachnoides</i> has a shorter stipe (up to 40 mm long), shorter and broader (6.3–10 × 3.5–5.7 µm) basidiospores and longer cheilo- (up to 45 µm long) and pleurocystidia (65 µm long) (Pegler 1977).</p>Published as part of <i>Sharafudheen, Shahina A., Manimohan, Patinjareveettil & Deepna Latha, K. P., 2023, Two new species of Crinipellis (Marasmiaceae, Agaricales) from Kerala State, India, pp. 219-229 in Phytotaxa 600 (4)</i> on pages 225-227, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.600.4.1, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/8093955">http://zenodo.org/record/8093955</a>
Involvement of peroxidases in the Medicago truncatula-Rhizobium meliloti symbiosis
No full textDue to the character of the original source materials and the nature of batch digitization, quality control issues may be present in this document. Please report any quality issues you encounter to [email protected], referencing the URI of the item.Includes bibliographical references (leaves 48-58).Issued also on microfiche from Lange Micrographics.The symbiotic interaction between legume plants and bacteria of the family Rhizobiaceae leads to the production of nitrogen fixing nodules on the plant. Nodule production is an expensive process and hence is highly regulated by the plant. In Medicago truncatula, only about 5% of the bacterial infections proceed to form fully functional nodules, while the remaining 95% become arrested at a very early stage in the root cortex. The goal of this work was to study the early interactions between the legume and the bacterium and establish a role for peroxidases in the role of infection arrest. Peroxidases are known to play a role in defense responses and disease resistance. In the M. truncatula-Rhizobium meliloti symbiosis, a peroxidase gene, Mtrip1, is induced in the host cells early in response to Rhizobium signals (Cook et al. 1995; Peng et al., 1996). The timing, localization and manner of induction of rip1 indicate that it may play a role in infection establishment or arrest. Native peroxidase gels were used to identify the putative Mtrip1 protein. Two peroxidase bands accumulate in plant roots with timing that correlates well with Mtrip1 gene expression. One of these bands also seems to be quantitatively greater in M. truncatula mutants that show an infection arrest phenotype. In situ localization showed that accumulation of hydrogen peroxide and peroxidases is mainly in the root tips and in the root hair and epidermal region. Hydrogen peroxide accumulates in response to inoculation in wild type and in infection arrest mutants. These results are consistent with the hypothesis that internal hydrogen peroxide is one of the main inducers of peroxidase accumulation in the roots. An apparently greater accumulation of hydrogen peroxide occurs in the infection arrest mutants spk, pdl, and lin than occurs in wild type M. truncatula. This factor, and subsequent higher levels of peroxidase activity, could contribute to the infection arrest phenotype in these mutants
Coprinopsis squamulosa K. G. G. Ganga, Manim. & K. P. D. Latha. 2022, sp. nov.
No full textCoprinopsis squamulosa K. G. G. Ganga, Manim. & K. P. D. Latha., sp. nov. Fig 2. A–M MycoBank MB 845756 Etymology:—The specific epithet refers to the squamulose pileus surface of this species. Diagnosis:—Floccose pileus with dark brown squamules at center, ovoid to ovo-ellipsoid basidiospores with a wide and central germ-pore, 4–5 pseudoparaphyses surrounding each basidium, and finely encrusted pleurocystidia. Differs from closely related species, C. kubickae in having larger basidiocarps, paraboloid to cylindrical pileus with recurved and scattered squamules on and around center, smaller basidiospores, and distinctive nrITS and nrLSU sequences. Holotype:— INDIA. Kerala State: Kozhikode District, Calicut University Botanical Garden, 11°08’02.0” N 75°53’29.0” E, 12 June 2019, K. G. Greeshma Ganga G297 (CALI). GenBank accessions: OP549278 (nrITS), OP549708 (nrLSU). Description:— Basidiocarps small, fragile. Pileus 7–15 × 4–12 mm when young, finally 10–24 mm diam., initially paraboloid to cylindrical, expanding to plano-convex with age; surface with brown (6E6/OAC701) velar squamules all over when young, at maturity the squamules becoming dark brown (6F6/OAC698) at the center and whitish elsewhere, initially completely covered with appressed-squamules, at maturity with recurved squamules scattered on and around the center and floccose elsewhere, strongly deliquescent; margin initially straight, becoming upturned with age. Lamellae not observed due to deliquescence, initially white, becoming black at maturity. Stipe 20–55 × 2–3 mm, central, tapering towards the apex, hollow; surface white, smooth, slightly fibrillose towards the base; base slightly enlarged, often with a distinct basal disc. Odor and taste not distinctive. Basidiospores (n = 40) (7)8–9 × 5–7 × 5–6 µm, on an average 8.6 × 5.2 × 5.0 µm, Q 1 = 1.1–1.6, Q 1avg = 1.3, Q 2 = 1.3–1.8, Q 2avg = 1.4, lenticular, ovoid to ovo-ellipsoid with a rounded base and somewhat truncate apex in face view, amygdaliform to subamygdaliform in side view, dark brown, thick-walled, with a central germ-pore up to 2.5 µm wide. Basidia 12–25 × 9–10 µm, clavate, hyaline, slightly thick-walled, surrounded by 4–5 pseudoparaphyses, 4-spored; sterigmata up to 5 µm long. Pleurocystidia 78–95 × 20–38 µm, abundant, cylindrical to sublageniform with short finger-like projections at the apex, finely encrusted, hyaline, thick-walled. Lamella-edge heterogeneous. Cheilocystidia 46–65 × 22–27 µm, ellipsoid to cylindrical often with finger-like projections at the apex, hyaline, thinwalled. Pileipellis a cutis composed of elongate, parallelly arranged hyphae with loosely bound, narrow and inflated velar elements; hyphae 3–12 µm wide, hyaline, thick-walled; narrow velar elements 4–14 µm wide, cylindrical to subcylindrical or coralloid, regularly branched, diverticulate, hyaline, thin-walled; inflated velar elements 5–10 µm wide, frequently coralloid, pale brown to brown, thick-walled (up to 3 µm thick). Stipitipellis a cutis finely overlaid with velar elements; hyphae 10–32 µm wide, hyaline, thin-walled; velar elements similar to those on the pileipellis, 2–6 µm wide, hyaline, slightly thick-walled. Clamp connections observed only in velar elements. Habitat:—Scattered or in small groups, on decaying bamboo litter. Geographical distribution range:—Known only from the type locality in Kerala State, India. Comments:—The characters such as smaller basidiocarps, cylindrical to sublageniform pleurocystidia, and a cutis-type pileipellis with coralloid, brown velar elements lead C. sqaumulosa to the section Coprinopsis. Coprinopsis kubickae shows some similarity to C. sqaumulosa in having floccose velar remnants on pileus, a stipe with a white basal disc, and a habitat on decaying monocot plant remnants. However, C. kubickae differs from C. sqaumulosa in having smaller basidiocarps, subglobose to ovoid pileus with flocculose velar remnants, larger basidiospores (7–11.5 × 6–10.5 µm) with a central to eccentric and narrow germ-pore (1.3–1.6 µm), 5–8 pseudoparaphyses surrounding each basidium, a hymenium with larger pleuro- (55–200 × 12–28 µm) and cheilocystidia (35–120 × 11–28 µm), and thinwalled velar elements on the pileipellis. Coprinopsis friesii (Quélet 1872: 129) P. Karst (1881: 27), common in Europe and also reported from Canada, South America, and North Africa (Uljé 2005), resembles C. sqaumulosa in having similar color of basidiocarps, thickwalled and pale yellow velar elements on pileipellis, almost similar-sized basidiospores (6–9.5(11) × 5.5–7(8.5) µm), pleuro- and cheilocystidia with finger-like projections at the apex, and occurrence on decaying monocot plant remnants. However, C. friesii has basidiocarps with a smaller (up to 15 mm), conical pileus, each basidium surrounded by 5–7 pseudoparaphyses, and red brown basidiospores with a narrow (1.5 µm) germ-pore. Coprinopsis pseudofriesii (Pilát & Svrček 1967: 140) Redhead, Vilgalys & Moncalvo (2001: 230), widespread in Europe (Uljé 2005) shows close similarity with C. sqaumulosa in having similar size and color of the basidiocarps, basidiospores with a central germpore, and pleuro- and cheilocystidia with finger-like projections. Coprinopsis pseudofriesii, however, is distinguished from C. sqaumulosa in having basidiocarps with a conical pileus, each basidium surrounded by 4–7 pseudoparaphyses, red brown basidiospores with a rounded apex and narrow germ-pore (1.3–1.6 µm), a pileipellis with narrow velar elements, and growth on a different substratum. Comparison of the nrITS and nrLSU sequences generated from C. sqaumulosa with those sequences available in the GenBank database revealed that it has distinct sequences. A BLASTn search with the nrITS (675 bp) sequence of C. sqaumulosa showed an unidentified Coprinopsis species BLBS 104 (MK843958) as the closest hit with 97.35% sequence similarity. Coprinopsis urticicola (HQ847101: 99.12%) was resulted as the closest hit in a BLASTn search with nrLSU sequence (920 bp). Coprinopsis urticicola differs from C. sqaumulosa in having a pileus with woolly-hairy velar scales, subglobose to ellipsoid basidiospores with a narrow (1–1.5 µm) germ-pore, and thin-walled, encrusted velar elements on the pileipellis. The phylogram inferred from the nrITS-based ML analysis (Fig. 3) showed that these two new species, C. minuta and C. squamulosa were nested within a monophyletic group representing the sect. Coprinopsis. Within this clade, three collections of C. urticicola (MH748639, HQ847015, MW915588), one unidentified species, ‘Basidiomycota species PCT.10’ and two collections of C. minuta together formed a distinct group with full (100%) bootstrap support. Inside this group, C. minuta was shown to be a distinct lineage sister to ‘Basidiomycota species PCT.10’ with maximum bootstrap support (100% BS). The other species, C. squamulosa was found clustered with an unnamed species from Brazil, Coprinospis species BLBS104 with strong bootstrap support (96% BS).Published as part of Greeshma Ganga, K. G., Manimohan, Patinjareveettil & Deepna Latha, K. P., 2022, Two new species of Coprinopsis from Kerala State, India, pp. 149-158 in Phytotaxa 575 (2) on pages 155-156, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.575.2.4, http://zenodo.org/record/741323
Peranan perempuan dalam periwayatan Hadits: Studi tentang Latha<if Isna<d al-Mar’ah dalam Kitab Usud al-Gha<bah fi Ma‘rifat al-Shaha<bah karya Ibn al-Atsi<r
No full textDi antara permasalahan yang semakin hangat diper-bincangkan adalah mengenai eksistensi atau keberadaan perempuan yang sering kali menimbulkan multi persepsi. Memang tidak dapat dipungkiri bahwa peranan perempuan yang terbesar adalah berada dalam lingkungan keluarga, karena peran perempuan dalam keluargalah yang mampu melahirkan para imam seperti Ima>m Syafi‘i>, Ima>m Ahmad, al-Bukha>ri dan lain-lain. Bahkan, muncul hal yang sangat menarik untuk ditelusuri yakni mengenai kiprah kaum perempuan dalam periwayatan hadi>ts. Tidak banyak orang tahu bagaimana besarnya kontribusi perempuan dalam periwayatan hadi>ts. Padahal, jika ditilik lebih jauh peran perempuan dalam periwayatan hadi>ts dapat dibilang cukup signifikan, terutama dari kalangan shaha>biyya>h yang hidup sezaman dengan Nabi Muhammad Saw. Bahkan, sampai pada thabaqah tabi‘i>n dan atba‘ al-tabi‘i>n.
Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui bagaimana rangkaian dan tema-tema hadi>ts yang sanadnya termasuk ke dalam sanad Latha>if Isna>d al-Mar’ah serta biografi dan penilaian para ulama terhadap periwayat perempuan yang terdapat dalam rangkaian sanad Latha>if Isna>d al-Mar’ah. Terdapat tiga unsur pokok dalam sebuah hadi>ts, salah satunya yaitu sanad. Dalam ilmu hadi>ts, sanad merupakan neraca untuk menimbang shahi>h atau tidaknya suatu hadi>ts. Sanad memiliki kedudukan yang sangat penting, karena hadi>ts yang diriwayatkan akan mengikuti siapa yang meriwayatkannya. Bahkan, suatu periwayatan hadi>ts dapat diketahui mana yang dapat diterima atau ditolak salah satunya dilihat dari segi sanad.
Metode penelitian yang digunakan untuk membahas permasalahan ini adalah metode deskriptif yang memfokuskan pada Content Analysis untuk menganalisis para shaha>biyya>h yang memiliki jalur periwayatan perempuan yang sampai pada thabaqah atba‘ al-tabi‘i>n (Latha>if Isna>d al-Mar’ah) dalam kitab Usud al-Gha>bah fi Ma‘rifat al-Shaha>bah. Obyek kajiannya difokuskan kepada rawi (periwayat) perempuan yang menerima riwayat dari guru perempuan dan meriwayatkannya kepada murid perempuan (hadi>ts dengan para periwayat seluruhnya perempuan yang dimulai dari thabaqah shaha>biyya>h sampai kepada thabaqah atba‘ al-tabi‘i>n atau sampai pada masa Imam Ma>lik bin Anas r.a.).
Dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa dalam kitab Usud al-Gha>bah fi Ma‘rifat al-Shaha>bah terdapat empat shaha>biyya>h yang memiliki jalur periwayatan perempuan yang sampai pada thabaqah atba‘ al-tabi‘i>n (Latha>if Isna>d al-Mar’ah), mereka adalah Shaha>biyyah Ummu Haki>m binti Wadda>’ al-Khuza‘iyyah r.a. memiliki satu jalur periwayatan, Shaha>biyyah ‘Abiyyah Ummu Habi>bah r.a. memiliki satu jalur periwayatan dan Shaha>biyyah Ummu Salamah r.a. memiliki satu jalur periwayatan. Dari seluruh periwayat hadi>ts perempuan tersebut, pada dasarnya mereka memiliki hubungan kekerabatan sehingga para ulama menilai bahwa periwayatan mereka memenuhi salah satu syarat ke-shahi>h-an isnad, yaitu ittishal sanad (ketersambungan sanad; baik hubungan antara guru dan murid atau hubungan ke-sezamanan)
Variation of calibration constant of alpha track detectors with respect to altitude
No full textDue to the character of the original source materials and the nature of batch digitization, quality control issues may be present in this document. Please report any quality issues you encounter to [email protected], referencing the URI of the item.Includes bibliographical references.Not availabl
MACHINE LEARNING FOR MEDICAL IMAGING ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION
No full text<p><i>Welcome to the world of Machine Learning for Medical Imaging Analysis and Interpretation! In this book, we embark on a journey into the fascinating realm where cutting-edge technology meets the life-saving domain of healthcare. Over the past few decades, the convergence of medicine and machine learning has ushered in a new era of possibilities, transforming the way we diagnose and interpret medical images. This book is your gateway to understanding and harnessing the incredible potential of these advancements. In the world of medicine, visual data in the form of medical images, such as X-rays, MRIs, CT scans, and histopathology slides, plays a pivotal role in patient diagnosis, treatment planning, and monitoring. Traditionally, the interpretation of these images has relied heavily on the expertise of skilled radiologists and pathologists. While these experts are invaluable, they are also in high demand and limited in number. Moreover, the interpretation of complex images can be subjective and time-consuming, leaving room for error and delays in patient care. Enter machine learning, a field of artificial intelligence that has emerged as a game-changer in the medical domain. Machine learning algorithms can be trained to analyze vast quantities of medical imaging data, extract meaningful information, and assist healthcare professionals in making accurate and timely diagnoses. From detecting early signs of disease to segmenting and quantifying anatomical structures, machine learning has the potential to revolutionize the way we approach medical image analysis. In this book, we will explore the fundamental concepts of machine learning and delve into the specific techniques and methodologies that are reshaping medical imaging analysis. We will journey through the different modalities of medical imaging, from radiology to pathology, and examine real-world case studies that demonstrate the transformative impact of machine learning in clinical practice. Our aim is to provide a comprehensive and accessible resource for readers with diverse backgrounds, whether you are a healthcare professional seeking to leverage machine learning in your practice, a researcher delving into the field, or simply an enthusiast intrigued by the intersection of technology and healthcare. We will walk you through the key principles, tools, and best practices that will empower you to harness the potential of machine learning for medical imaging.</i></p>
A pilot study of the mandibular angle and ramus in Indian population
No full textTo evaluate the mandibular angle and to analyze the relationship of the angle and height & breadth of the ramus of the mandible to the gender, so as to study its role in the anthropological diagnosis. The angle, height and breadth of the ramus of adult dry human mandibles of both sexes were measured using a goniometer. The values obtained were analyzed statistically. The present study showed a statistically significant difference in the mandibular angle as well as height of the ramus between both the sexes. The mean mandibular angle of Indian population when compared to that of European population was found to be lower by 9 degrees. The findings of this study might be useful in providing anthropological data that can also be used in dental and medical practice. However, the Indian mandible can be used for sexual dimorphism as is usual in anthropological work; it appears to possess important unfavourable anatomic factors that may predispose the individuals to difficult laryngoscopy or intubation
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