261 research outputs found
Associations of intramyocellular lipid in vastus lateralis and biceps femoris with blood free fatty acid and muscle strength differ between young and elderly adults
No full text名古屋大学Nagoya University博士(医学)主論文情報: This is the accepted version of the following article: Hioki, M., Kanehira, N., Koike, T., Saito, A., Takahashi, H., Shimaoka, K., Sakakibara, H., Oshida, Y. and Akima, H. (2015), Associations of intramyocellular lipid in vastus lateralis and biceps femoris with blood free fatty acid and muscle strength differ between young and elderly adults. Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging. doi: 10.1111/cpf.12250, whith has been published in final form at http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/cpf.12250doctoral thesi
Development of 8m long range imaging technology for generation of wide area colour 3D seafloor reconstructions
No full textThis paper introduces a mapping device capable of recording seafloor photos from altitudes of up to 8m, which can be used to build colour 3D reconstructions. Data recorded at sea are shown and the results after processing with two different methods for 3D reconstruction are introduced and compared
Simulations of stratocumulus cloud fields using RAMS model
No full textThe simulations of the stratocumulus are performed with a domain size of km ( bin points) for 3 hours. The horizontal resolution is fixed at 100 m, and the vertical bin spacing is 50 m. The initial state of the simulations (DYCOMS-II case) is based on vertical profiles of potential temperature, moisture, and horizontal winds, that were adapted from Stevens et al. (2003). From these initial fields, 4 additional simulations are carried out by slightly modifying the temperature profiles to check their effects on the stratocumulus field and notably on entrainment rates. In addition, one extra simulation is realized by modifying the humidity profile. In summary, these 6 simulations are as follows: case 1) ‘Control’ is the basic simulation with the unmodified fields; case 2) ‘Control + layer 150 m’ is as ‘Control’ but the temperature inversion is 150 m above that of ’Control’ (less brutal than ‘Control’), expecting more entrainment; case 3) ‘Control + layer 300 m’ is as ‘Control’ but the temperature inversion is 300 m above that of ’Control’; case 4) ‘Control - 4K’ is as ‘Control’ but with a smaller temperature inversion, expecting more mixing; case 5) ‘Control + 4K’ is as ‘Control’ but with a stronger temperature inversion; and case 6) ‘Extra’ is as ‘Control’ but initialized using a slightly modified water vapor profile. Detailed application of the datasets is described in our under reviewing paper (Shang et al 2022).
Reference:
Shang, H., Hioki, S., Penide, G., Cornet, C., Letu, H., and Riedi, J.: Establishment of an analytical model for remote sensing of typical stratocumulus cloud profiles under various precipitation and entrainment conditions, Atmos. Chem. Phys. Discuss. [preprint], https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-2022-674, in review, 2022.
Stevens, B., Lenschow, D. H., Vali, G., Gerber, H., Bandy, A., Blomquist, B., Brenguier, J.-L., Bretherton, C. S., Burnet, F., Campos, T., Chai, S., Faloona, I., Friesen, D., Haimov, S., Laursen, K., Lilly, D. K., Loehrer, S. M., Malinowski, S. P., Morley, B., Petters, M. D., Rogers, D. C., Russell, L., Savic-Jovcic, V., Snider, J. R., Straub, D., Szumowski, M. J., Takagi, H., Thornton, D. C., Tschudi, M., Twohy, C., Wetzel, M., and van Zanten, M. C.: Dynamics and Chemistry of Marine Stratocumulus—DYCOMS-II, Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 84, 579-594, 10.1175/BAMS-84-5-579 %J Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 2003
Characterizing Ice Cloud Particle Shape and Surface Roughness from Polarimetric Satellite Observations
No full textThe single scattering properties of ice cloud particles are inferred from spaceborne multi-angle satellite sensors with two newly developed noise-resilient retrieval techniques. The first presented method parameterizes the phase function and phase matrix elements by a few parameters to implement the maximum likelihood estimation in the retrieval system. The second method retrieves the renormalized phase function as a difference from a known phase function. The effect of noise is more predictable for both methods than the conventional “best-fit” method, which selects the best-fitting shape and surface roughness from a predetermined particle set.
The first method is applied to the data from the Polarization and Directionality of the Earth’s Reflectance (POLDER) sensor. The retrieval results indicate that long column shape (ratio of basal face diameter to prism height greater than 9) with surface roughness parameter between 0.1 and 0.5 represents the extratropical observations well. Weak temperature dependence of the surface roughness is found in the extratropical data stratified by the cloud top temperature. The tropical retrieval was not successful, and the second method is applied to the Multi-angle Imaging Spectroradiometer (MISR) data. Short hexagonal column particles or their aggregates are found to match with estimated renormalized phase function. In addition to these results, the surface roughness simulation is summarized and the derivation of the δ-fit truncation technique for polarimetric radiative transfer is included
The Practice of Basic Informatics 2019
No full textVersion 2020/03/08Kyoto University provides courses on 'The Practice of Basic Informatics' as part of its Liberal Arts and Sciences Program. The course is taught at many schools and departments, and course contents vary to meet the requirements of these schools and departments. This textbook is made open to the students of all schools that teach these courses. As stated in Chapter 1, this book is written with the aim of building ICT skills for study at university, that is, ICT skills for academic activities. Some topics may not be taught in class. However, the book is written for self-study by students. We include many exercises in this textbook so that instructors can select some of them for their classes, to accompany their teaching plans. The courses are given at the computer laboratories of the university, and the contents of this textbook assume that Windows 10 and Microsoft Office 2016 are available in these laboratories. In Chapter 13, we include an introduction to computer programming; we chose Python as the programming language because on the one hand it is easy for beginners to learn, and on the other, it is widely used in academic research. To check the progress of students' self-study, we have attached assessment criteria (a 'rubric') of this course as an Appendix. Current ICT is a product of the endeavors of many people. The "Great Idea" columns are included to show appreciation for such work. Dr. Yumi Kitamura and Dr. Hirohisa Hioki wrote Chapters 4 and 13, respectively. The remaining chapters were written by Dr. Hajime Kita. In revision for 2018 edition and after, Dr. Hiroyuki Sakai has participated in the author group, and Dr. Donghui Lin has also joined for English edition 2019. The authors hope that this textbook helps you to improve your academic ICT skill set. The content included in this book is selected based on the reference course plan discussed in the course development team for informatics at the Institute for Liberal Arts and Sciences. In writing this textbook, we obtained advice and suggestions from staffs of the Network Section, Information Infrastructure Division, Department of Planning and Information Management Department, Kyoto University on Chapters 2 and 3, from Mr. Sosuke Suzuki, NTT Communications Corporation also on Chapter 3, Rumi Haratake, Machiko Sakurai and Taku Sakamoto of the User Support Division, Kyoto University Library on Chapter 4. Dr. Masako Okamoto of Center for the Promotion of Excellence in Higher Education, Kyoto University helped us in revision of 2018 Japanese Edition. The authors would like to express their sincere gratitude to the people who supported them
High performance hot-deformed Nd-Fe-B magnets (Review)
No full textHot-deformed anisotropic Nd-Fe-B magnets may potentially attain high coercivity due to their fine and highly orientated crystal grain microstructure as a result of the unique production process that creates these magnets. However, despite their fine grain size of 100–500 nm, coercivity was only around 25% of the full potential of the anisotropy field. This grain size was close to the critical diameter of the single domain grain size of the Nd-Fe-B magnet. This study investigated the effects of chemical composition and deformation conditions on the magnetic properties of Nd-Fe-B magnets, observing their microstructure to obtain guidance on the ideal microstructure. We also improved the hot-deformation technique in parallel to optimize microstructure by controlling the compositions and hot-deformation conditions based on the results of basic studies. Lastly, we fabricated heavy rare-earth-free magnets with a coercivity exceeding 1600 kA/m (20 kOe), which is 20% higher than that of conventional magnets
Upward transport of iron at the west shelf edge-slope of the Okinawa Trough in the East China Sea
No full textWe studied the behavior of chemical substances in the upper 300 m of the water column across the continental shelf-slope interface in the East China Sea off the Okinawa Trough. The behaviors of iron, inorganic nutrients, and humic-like fluorescent dissolved organic matter were strongly influenced by the extensive water exchange between the East China Sea and the Kuroshio Current across the shelf break and slope via upwelling and frontal processes. We attributed the high humic-like fluorescent intensity at the subsurface of the shelf break and slope regions to the lateral supply of humic-like fluorescent dissolved organic matter from the shelf sediments to the outer shelf region due to the intrusion of shelf water into Kuroshio subsurface water. We found that the behavior of iron at the continental shelf-slope was remarkably different from the conservative mixing of inorganic nutrients and humic-like fluorescent dissolved organic matter. In deep and bottom waters at the shelf-slope, high total iron concentrations, which were closely related to water transmittance, possibly resulted from the swept transport of iron-rich resuspended sediments over the shelf floor from the slope by the invading Kuroshio Intermediate Water close to the bottom
Development of an AD5933-based Impedance Meter Prototype for Impedimetric Sensor Applications
No full textAbstractThis paper summarizes the progress done on the development of an impedance meter prototype. The prototype is to be a substitute for commercial equipment in reading impedimetric sensor for future portable applications. The prototype allows the impedimetric sensor to be excited with a frequency from 0.1-20kHz. Autolab's “Dummy Cell 2” has been used as the Device under Test (DUT). The DUT's phase response to AD5933 Evaluation Board and Hioki IM3590 Chemical Impedance analyzer in the range of 0.1-20kHz has been recorded and analyzed. It was found that the R-squared values of the regression lines were above 0.9 which indicates that AD5933 measurement is comparable to commercial equipment and suitable for impedimetric sensor application
Refined analysis and updated constraints on general non-standard tbW couplings
No full textAbstractWe recently studied possible non-standard tbW couplings based on the effective-Lagrangian which consists of four kinds of SU(3)×SU(2)×U(1) invariant dimension-6 effective operators and gave an experimentally allowed region for each non-standard coupling. We here re-perform that analysis much more precisely based on the same experimental data but on a new computational procedure using the Graphics-Processing-Unit (GPU) calculation system. Comparing these two analyses with each other, the previous one is found to have given quite reliable results despite of its limited computation capability. We then apply this new procedure to the latest data and present updated results
Towards a personalised theranostics platform through an improved understanding of the biological effects of radionuclide therapy
No full textThe clinical incorporation of radiobiology into theranostic nuclear medicine for cancer
treatment is still an emerging field. The complexities involved in personalising therapy using
radionuclides must be investigated from a cellular level, to improve treatment outcomes and
predict dose response for patients. This thesis studied an unexplored therapeutic use of an
easily accessible diagnostic radionuclide, 18F, which demonstrated a maximum in vitro cell
kill effect of up to 90% at 30 Gy in a radioresistant prostate cancer cell line, LNCaP C4-
2B. The relative biological effectiveness of 0.42 was observed at 50% cell survival, when
compared to an external beam x-ray irradiation. The dose rate effects that heavily impact the
repair probability of cells were also manipulated for the 18F irradiation, showing a maximum
of 12% difference in the cell survival at 15 Gy between a G-factor difference of 0.7 and
0.9, triggering cell cycle arrest in the G2/M phase. Finally, using 177Lu patient images,
two dosimetry software platforms, OLINDA/EXM and MIM Encore, were compared in
a proof-of-concept biodistribution and activity prescription of 64Cu, 68Ga and 18F, giving
MIM/OLINDA activity ratios between 0.5 and 3.5 for six organs of interest. These studies
collectively attempted to build a foundation for the personalisation of theranostics in nuclear
medicine, while exploring novel modes of therapy using radionuclides with multiple decay
pathways
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