429 research outputs found
A Methodology for Computational Architectural Design Based on Biological Principles
No full textBiomimicry, where nature is emulated as a basis for design, is a growing area of research in the fields of architecture and engineering. The widespread and practical application of biomimicry as a design approach remains however largely unrealized. A growing body of international research identifies various obstacles to the employment of biomimicry as an architectural design method. One barrier of particular note is the lack of a clear definition and methodology of the various approaches to biomimicry that designers can initially employ. This paper attempts to link biological principles with computational design in order to present a design methodology that aids interested architects within the preliminary design phase
Kotoracythere Ishizaki 1966
No full textGenus KOTORACYTHERE Ishizaki, 1966 91. K. sp. Schornikov & Sokolenko, 1999 a: 182 (K. sp. A Cronin & Ikeya 1987); 1999 b: 216 (K. sp. A Cronin & Ikeya 1987); Schornikov & Zenina, 2004 b: 218. Genus MUNSEYELLA Bold, 1957 92. M. hatatatensis Ishizaki, 1966 Schornikov & Sokolenko, 1999 a: 182 (M. hatatensis (sic); 1999 b: 216 (M. hatatensis (sic); Schornikov & Chavtur, 2001: 95; 2002: 98; Schornikov & Zenina, 2004 b: 218. 93. M. hokkaidoana (Hanai, 1957 b) Schornikov & Zenina, 2004 b: 218 Genus PECTOCYTHERE Hanai, 1957 b 94. P. pseudoamphidonta Hanai, 1957 b Schornikov & Sokolenko, 1999 a: 182 (P. quadrangulata Hanai, 1957 b); 1999 b: 216 (P. quadrangulata); Schornikov & Zenina, 2004 b: 218.Published as part of Schornikov, Evgeny I., 2006, Checklist of the ostracod (Crustacea) fauna of Peter the Great Bay, Sea of Japan, pp. 29-59 in Zootaxa 1294 on page 40, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.17351
Modelling the DC electrical response of fully and partially saturated Permo-Triassic sandstone
No full textResults from a laboratory investigation into the electrical properties of fully and partially saturated Wildmoor Triassic Sandstone have been modelled using the Archie, Waxman-Smits and Hanai-Bruggeman equations. The results demonstrate the limitation of using simple relationships to describe samples when the matrix resistivity rho(r) is not significantly greater than the saturating electrolyte resistivity rho(w). In these situations Archie's parameters m and n are not accurately determined. Conversely, the more sophisticated Waxman-Smits and Hanai-Bruggeman models provide parameters that better describe the electrical properties of the rock and are able to identify heterogeneity between samples that would otherwise be missed. The ranges of values for matrix resistivity (49 <rho(r) <161 Omega m) and cementation factor (1.6 <m <2.1) obtained from the Hanai-Bruggeman model indicate significant variation between samples. Comparison of laboratory-determined values for cation exchange capacity (0.06 <Q(v) <0.51 meq/mL) and those obtained from the Waxman-Smits model (0.09 <Q(v) <0.55 meq/mL) indicates a very strong correlation, suggesting this model is appropriate for describing the rock. There is good agreement between parameters modelled using fully and partially saturated versions of both the Hanai-Bruggeman and Waxman-Smits equations, indicating that the data are consistent with these models and that the assumptions made are appropriate
Hemicytherura kajiyamai * Hanai 1957
No full textHemicytherura kajiyamai Hanai, 1957 (Figs 4-8) Hemicytherura kajiyamai Hanai, 1957: 24, pl. 2, figs 1 (a-d). — Okubo 1980: 15, fig. 5. — Ikeya et al. 1985, pl. 5, figs 12, 13, 16. — Ishizaki & Matoba 1985: pl. 4, fig. 8. — Ruan & Hao 1988: 293, pl. 50, fig. 15. — Kamiya 1989: 85, fig. 13 (4). — Ikeya & Suzuki 1992: 128, pl. 5, fig. 3. — Kamiya et al. 2001: fig. 13 (5), fig. 17 (7). — Nakao et al. 2001: fig. 5 (7). — Yamaguchi 2003: 135, fig. 1(g). — Tanaka et al. 2011: 23-25, fig. 1(a-b), 2(a), 3(a), 4(a), 5. — Schornikov & Zenina 2014: 225 pl. VIII (no.7-8). Cytheropteron videns – Kajiyama 1913: 4, 5, pl. 1, figs 19-25. TYPE LOCALITY. — The shore from behind of an Imperial villa, Hayamamachi, Kanagawa Prefecture (beach sand), Japan. MATERIAL EXAMINED. — South Korea. 4 ♀, intertidal-zone algae at Hujeong Beach, Hujeong 2-gil, Jukbyeon-myeon, Uljin-gun, Gyeongsangbuk-do., 37°04’12.3”N, 129°25’01.0”E, 0.1 m depth., dissected on four each slides, NIBRIV0000753777, NIBRIV0000834100, NIBRIV0000834101, NIBRIV0000834102, valves on the micropaleontological slides, NIBRIV0000753777, NIBRIV0000834100, NIBRIV0000834101, NIBRIV0000834102. — 2♂, same locality, dissected on two slides, NIBRIV0000834103, NIBRIV0000834104, valves on the micropaleontological slides, NIBRIV0000834103, NIBRIV0000834104. — 6 specimens kept in 2 ml vial in 99% ethanol, NIBRIV0000834105, 5 specimens kept in 2 ml vial in 99% ethanol, MNHN. DESCRIPTION OF FEMALE Carapace (Figs 4 A-D; 5A; 6A, B) Relatively small in size, L max = 332 Μm, min = 325 Μm, average c. 329 Μm; H max = 198 Μm, min = 190 Μm, average approximately 193,5 Μm, N = 4. Slightly asymmetrical, LV slightly larger than LV, RV hanging over dorsal margin of LV. Dorsal margin highly arched with greatest H in the middle of L, ventral margin almost straight, with setae and thin selvage. Posterior end long and with narrow extension, antero-ventral margin with four crenulations. Valve ornamented consisting of 12 fossae, positioned actiniform started from central part, fossae with thin ridges and setae (Fig. 5A). Muscular scar imprints consisting of a row of four vertical scars and one frontal scar present (Fig. 6E). Only normal pores present. Hinge lophodont (Fig. 4E). Antennule (Fig. 6F) Six-segmented. First segment without setae. Second segment with one bare seta situated postero-medially reaching one-third of fourth segment. Third and fourth segments each with one bare seta antero-distally; seta on third segment reaching end of fourth segment and seta on fourth segment reaching half of terminal segment. Fifth segment with two setae antero-distally: one seta more than 2 times longer than terminal segment; other seta 1.5 times longer than same segment. Same segment also with one posterodistal seta 2 times longer than terminal segment. Sixth segment with two short setae distally, one of which 2 times longer than terminal segment and other 2.5 times longer than same segment. Length ratios between six segments: 3: 3.2: 2.5: 2.8: 2.8: 1. Antenna (Fig. 6H) Five-segmented. Exopod transformed into three-segmented spinneret seta. First endopodal segment without setae. Second segment with one bare and one plumose seta situated postero-distally; bare seta reaching half of third segment and plumose seta reaching two-third of the same segment. Third segment with two plumose setae postero-distally reaching half of fourth segment, and several setulae antero-proximally. Fourth segment with one bare seta situated medially reaching half L of the fourth segment; one plumose seta posteromedially not reaching distal margin of the fourth segment, and one short plumose seta antero-distally.Terminal segment with two strong, serrated claws and one short seta situated between claws. Appendage with several stiff seatulae groups along posterior margin of the first endopodal segment and on the anterior margin of the second endopodal segment. Length ratios between four segments: 1.9: 1.2: 1: 2.1. Mandibule (Fig. 6G) Coxa with one row of setula on distal margin, and with one seta. Palp 3 segmented. First segment with one bare seta antero-medially, and three bare setae on antero distal margin. Second segment with four setae postero-distally, and two setae antero-distally, all bare. Terminal segment with three setae on distal margin. Setae on all segments very strong, almost claw-like. Length ratio between three segments: 5.5: 1.5: 1. Maxillule (Fig. 7D) Palp present and 2-segmented. First segment with four bare setae on distal margin. Second segment with two bare setae on distal margin. Masticatory organ with three endites. First endite with four bare setae on distal margin. Second endite with four bare setae on distal margin. Third endite with two bare setae on distal margin. Exopodite with 12 plumose and two bare setae (“aberrant” setae) in vibratory plate. Leg 5 (Fig. 7A) Four-segmented. First segment with one plumose seta anteromedially reaching distal end of the same segment, two plumose setae on antero-distal margin reaching half L of the second segment, one plumose and one bare seta on posterior margin not reaching end of the first segment. Second segment with one plumose seta antero-distally not reaching end of the third segment; row of setulae present medially along anterior to distal margin. Third segment with one row of setulae medially along anterior to distal margin. Terminal segment with setulae medially along anterior to distal margin, and most distally with one claw. Length ratio between four segments: 2.7: 1.4: 1: 1.2. Leg 6 (Fig. 7B) Four-segmented. First segment with one plumose and one bare seta situated antero-medially reaching end of the first segment; one bare seta antero-distally reaching one-third of second segment, one plumose seta postero-medially reaching one-third of the same segment and setulae on distal margin. Second segment with one bare seta antero-distal margin reaching 3/4 of the third segment. Third segment without seta and setulae. Terminal segment with one claw on distal margin. Length ratios between four segments: 2.3: 1.7: 1: 1.2. Leg 7 (Fig. 7C) Four-segmented. First segment with one plumose seta anterodistally reaching 1⁄5 of the second segment. Second segment with one plumose seta antero-distally reaching 1/4 of terminal segment, setulae present along anterior margin. Third segment with setulae along anterior margin to distal margin.Terminal segment with setulae along antero-medial and distal margins, claw present on distal margin. Length ratios between four segments: 2.3: 2.3: 1: 1.3. Genital field (Fig. 7E) Ellipsoidal. Setulae positioned on distal margin. Two bare setae positioned on antero-distal margin. DESCRIPTION OF MALE Antennule, antenna, mandibular, maxilular same as in female. Carapace (Fig. 4C, D; 5B) Smaller than female, L max = 309 Μm, L min = 303 Μm, L average = 306 Μm; H max = 172 Μm, H min = 168 Μm, H average = 170 Μm, N = 2 specimens.. Ornamentation slightly different than in female, i.e., fossa no. 8 in male divided into two parts (Fig. 4C arrow and 5B). Leg 5 (Fig. 8A) Four-segmented. First segment with one plumose seta antero-proximally reaching end of the first segment, two plumose setae antero-distally reaching half of the second segment; one plumose and one bare seta on posterior margin not reaching end of the first segment. Second segment with one plumose seta antero-distally not reaching end of the third segment; setulae present medially along anterior margin. Third segment with setulae situated medially along anterior and distal margins. Terminal segment with setulae antero-medially and one claw on distal margin. Length ratios between four segments: 2.1: 1.5: 1: 1. Leg 6 (Fig. 8B) Four-segmented. First segment with two plumose setae antero-medially reaching slightly beyond the first segment, one plumose seta antero-distally reaching one-third of the second segment; one bare and one plumose seta posteroproximally reaching end of the first segment. Second segment with one plumose seta antero-distally reaching half of terminal segment, setulae present along antero-medial and distal margins. Third segment with setulae along anterior margin. Terminal segment with setulae along anterior margin, one strong claw on distal margin. Length ratios between four segments: 2.3: 1.7: 1: 1.3. Leg 7 (Fig. 8C) Four-segmented. First segment with one plumose seta anterodistally reaching 1⁄6 of the second segment, one bare seta postero-distally also reaching 1⁄6 of the same segment. Second segment with one plumose seta antero-distally reaching one-third of terminal segment; setulae present along anteromedial and distal margins. Third segment with setulae on antero-medial and distal margins. Terminal segment with claw on distal margin, setulae present on antero-medial and distal margins. Length ratios between four segments: 1.9: 2.1: 1: 1.3. Brushed organ (Fig. 8D) With more than 15 setae on distal margin. Positioned behind L7 and below hemipenis. Hemipenis (Fig. 8E, F) Distal lobe subdivided into two rectangular parts: dorsal with almost straight distal margin and ventral with v-shaped distal margin. Dorsal part with folded and one distally pointed extension. Reduced caudal rami on ventral margin. Copulatory duct very simple.Published as part of Yoo, Hyunsu, Tanaka, Hayato, Tsukagoshi, Akira, Lee, Wonchoel & Karanovic, Ivana, 2019, Cytheroid ostracods (Crustacea) from South Korea, with description of a new species, pp. 419-441 in Zoosystema 41 (22) on pages 423-429, DOI: 10.5252/zoosystema2019v41a22, http://zenodo.org/record/349088
Mechanisms for surface potential decay on fluorinated epoxy in high voltage DC applications
No full textEpoxy resin has been extensively used for decades as an insulation material in high voltage transmission systems. However, this insulation material does suffer from bulk and surface charging when used as insulating spacer, mainly in high voltage DC applications. By applying fluorination treatment, the surface of polymeric insulation is chemically treated and so modifies charge transport characteristics of the material. In doing so, excellent surface properties can be obtained without compromising the bulk characteristics of the polymeric insulation. In this paper, the authors investigate the surface potential decay performance of non-fluorinated and fluorinated epoxy resin samples. The surface decay performance of insulating material is a crucial parameter in dissipating accumulation of surface and bulk charge that can lead to premature breakdown of the insulating material. The epoxy samples were characterised by Energy Dispersive X-Ray (EDX) analysis to determine the changes in chemical composition of the samples before and after fluorination treatment. Surface potential decay measurement using positive corona discharging was then performed, followed by bulk DC conductivity measurement to further explain the mechanisms which govern the surface potential decay. The existence of surface-fluorinated layer on the treated samples had been found to play a major role in dictating the movement of charges away from the surface during the decay process. The influence of fluorination treatment on the decay mechanisms was discussed
Validação in silio de locos RGA (Resistance Genes Analogs) mapeados em duas populações de Phaseolus vulgaris.
No full textTeve com objetivo validar in silico os locos RGA mapeados nos grupos de ligação referentes às populações Bj e CFM
Development of SSR, M-AFLP and SNP markers for linkage map integration of Passiflora alata Curtis
No full textEmbora não exista uma variedade comercial de maracujazeiro-doce (Passiflora alata Curtis), a fruta vem ganhando espaço no mercado brasileiro, justificando o uso de técnicas convencionais e moleculares no melhoramento da cultura. Nas espécies em que ocorre autoincompatibilidade e o cruzamento entre indivíduos é obrigatório, como nos maracujazeiros, não é possível a obtenção de populações convencionais de mapeamento. Por isso, utiliza-se a técnica two-way pseudo-testcross para a geração de mapas genéticos, usando uma população F1 segregante e marcas dominantes, o que resulta na geração de mapas individuais, sendo um por genitor. A inconveniência desta estratégia tem sido superada pelo uso de marcadores codominantes e estatísticas mais robustas. Marcadores baseados em SSRs (ou microssatélites) e em SNPs são úteis para promover a integração dos mapas, pois são codominantes e abundantes no genoma de plantas. O presente trabalho objetivou gerar um mapa integrado de P. alata, usando novos marcadores SSR, além de M-AFLP e SNP. Os locos SSR foram desenvolvidos a partir de uma biblioteca genômica enriquecida, previamente construída. Dentre os motivos, prevaleceram os dinucleotídicos perfeitos de (AC)n e (AG)n. Neste trabalho, mais 175 primers de SSR foram desenhados e avaliados juntamente com 111 previamente obtidos, observando-se uma taxa de polimorfismo entre os genitores de 31,9%. Ainda com esse conjunto de primers, foi possível recuperar polimorfismos de conformação de fita simples (SSR-SSCP) em 23 locos. A genotipagem de 26 SSRs na população segregante resultou em 40 locos, os quais, associados a um SSR-SSCP, resultaram em seis locos com segregações mais informativas do tipo 1:1:1:1 e 1:2:1. M-AFLPs apresentaram 34,0% de polimorfismo, acrescendo mais seis locos informativos ao mapa de ligação. Os SNPs revelados pelo alinhamento das sequências de AFLP e de genes putativos revelaram uma mutação a cada 110 pb, em média. Foi possível a genotipagem de SNP para um dos genes, e conjuntos de primers para outros locos são propostos. Mapas individuais para ambos os genitores foram obtidos com 175 e 229 marcadores de segregação 1:1, respectivamente, ao passo que o mapa integrado incluiu, além desses, 12, 7 e 40 marcas de segregação 1:1:1:1, 1:2:1 e 3:1, respectivamente. Foi possível estabelecer a correspondência para a maioria dos grupos de ligação individuais e integrados. Observou-se a ampla distribuição de marcadores baseados em microssatélites, com a eventual formação de clusters. Este mapa, embora preliminar, pode ser útil no mapeamento de caracteres agronômicos e em estudos comparativos com o mapa integrado de P. edulis f. flavicarpa.Although there is no a commercial variety of sweet passion fruit (Passiflora alata Curtis) the crop has gained importance in the Brazilian market. This justifies the use of conventional and molecular techniques for breeding the crop. In species where self-incompatibility occurs and crossing between plants is necessarily required, as in passion fruits, conventional mapping populations are not possible to be produced. Therefore, the two-way pseudo-testcross approach is used for the generation of genetic maps, employing an F1 segregating population and dominant markers, resulting in individual maps, one for each parent. The drawback of this strategy has been overcome by the use of codominant markers and more robust statistics. Markers based on SSRs (or microsatellites) and SNPs are useful for integrating the maps, because of their codominant inheritance and abundance in plant genomes. This study aimed to generate an integrated map of P. alata using new SSR, M-AFLP and SNP markers. The SSR loci were developed from an enriched genomic library previously constructed. Among the motifs, the most frequent were perfect di-nucleotides, (AC)n and (AG)n rich. In this study, 175 SSR primers were designed and evaluated along with 111 previously obtained. A polymorphism rate of 31.9% was observed between the parents. Using these primer sets, it was possible to recover single-stranded conformation polymorphisms (SSR-SSCP) at 23 loci. The genotyping of the segregating population using the 26 SSRs resulted in 40 loci; adding a SSR-SSCP, the result was six informative loci showing segregation rations of 1:1:1:1 and 1:2:1. M-AFLPs showed 34.0% of polymorphism, providing six informative loci to the map. The alignment of parental AFLP and putative gene sequences revealed one SNP per 110 bp on average. It was possible to genotype one gene-derived SNP, and primer sets for other loci are proposed. Individual maps of both parents were obtained with 175 and 229 markers segregating in 1:1 ratio, respectively, while in the integrated map were included 12, 7 and 40 markers segregating in 1:1:1:1, 1:2:1 and 3:1 rations, respectively. It was possible to establish the correspondence for most of the individual linkage groups and the integrated groups. Microsatellite-based markers showed a wide genome distribution, with eventual cluster formation. Although preliminary, this map may be useful for mapping agronomic traits and in comparison studies with the integrated map of P. edulis f. flavicarpa
Catalogação das microformas
No full textApresenta a catalogação das microformas, baseada nos princípios estabelecidos pela ISBD(M
Design and testing of a thick-film dual-modality sensor for composition measurements in heterogeneous mixtures
No full textThe current paper focuses on design and laboratory evaluation of a dual-modality sensor, developed for the needs of oil and gas extraction industry to measure the composition of heterogeneous mixtures in harsh conditions. The sensor combines ultrasonic and electrical measurement techniques, which are non-destructive, rapid and can potentially provide an on-line industrial measurement. Such a ‘dual-modality’ measurement could potentially be reliable in a wider range of process conditions. A distinct feature of the sensors presented here is their construction, which makes use of the thick-film technology, enabling the construction of multi-layered structures of both conductive and non-conductive layers, some of which may exhibit piezoelectric properties for ultrasonic measurement purposes. These are later fired on a ceramic substrate to provide rugged sensors, capable of working in aggressive industrial environments. Laboratory experiments to investigate the feasibility of the dual-modality sensors were conducted and some comparisons with the theoretical predictions are presented
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