136,409 research outputs found
Self-archiving practice and the influence of publisher policies in the social sciences
No full textAuthors in different disciplines exhibit very different behaviours on the so-called ‘green’ road to open access, i.e. self-archiving. This study looks at the self-archiving behaviour of authors publishing in leading journals in six social science disciplines. It tests the hypothesis that authors are self-archiving according to the norms of their respective disciplines rather than following self-archiving policies of publishers, and that, as a result, they are self-archiving significant numbers of publisher PDF versions. It finds significant levels of
self-archiving, as well as significant self-archiving of
the publisher PDF version, in all the disciplines
investigated. Publishers’ self-archiving policies have
no influence on author self-archiving practice
Analysis of detector performance in a gigahertz clock rate quantum key distribution system
No full textWe present a detailed analysis of a gigahertz clock rate environmentally robust phase-encoded quantum key distribution (QKD) system utilizing several different single-photon detectors, including the first implementation of an experimental resonant cavity thin-junction silicon single-photon avalanche diode. The system operates at a wavelength of 850 nm using standard telecommunications optical fibre. A general-purpose theoretical model for the performance of QKD systems is presented with reference to these experimental results before predictions are made about realistic detector developments in this system. We discuss, with reference to the theoretical model, how detector operating parameters can be further optimized to maximize key exchange rates
A new practical physical layer secret key generation in the presence of an untrusted relay
No full textPhysical layer secret key generation (SKG) has recently been introduced as a lightweight and efficient solution for sixth-generation (6G) networks. In this area, schemes based on local random generators are used for high-rate key generation. One of these schemes is random phase injection, where channel probe signals with random phases are exchanged between communication parties (source and destination). This paper proposes an SKG scheme in the presence of an untrusted relay, which helps the SKG process while cannot extract the secret key. To make the scheme operational, for the first time, the channel probe signals are considered discrete random phase based on M-PSK signals and a multi-bit quantizer is used in the reception. In addition, to reduce the key error rate, quantization with guard bands (GB) is used for key extraction. For such a scenario, we derive expressions for key agreement rate, key mismatch rate (KMR), key discarding rate (KDR) and key generation rate (KGR). Additionally, for the first time, this work examines the context of geometric secrecy for the proposed discrete phase key generation scheme for both direct and relaying scenarios. Through simulations, several engineering insights are presented to enhance the quality of the proposed SKG and its security
New Key Exchange Protocol Based on Mandelbrot and Julia Fractal Sets.
No full textIn this paper, we propose a new cryptographic key exchange
protocol based on Mandelbrot and Julia Fractal sets. The Fractal based key exchange protocol is possible because of the intrinsic connection between the Mandelbrot and Julia Fractal sets. In the proposed protocol, Mandelbrot Fractal function takes the chosen private key as the input parameter and generates the corresponding public key
H&M claims’ handling approach Scandinavian Model vs London Model
No full textThis thesis illustrates the differences in the H&M claims handling approaches between two dominant marine insurance markets, i.e. Scandinavian and London. On the whole, London has influenced the world in most of the marine insurance matters. Since the medieval times it has been an attractive market place for various merchants from the whole world. Concurrently Scandinavia was growing strong and developed its marine insurance market by establishing the mutual organizations with the Central Union of Marine Underwriters (Cefor) at the heart of it since 1911. The knock on effect history normally casts on the current state of affairs is no exception with the marine insurance business. Thus, most of the reasons for the H&M claims’ handling approaches to differ must be sought from the historical developments of the distinguished markets. The merits of this thesis were achieved though the grounded theory qualitative research design. The subject was profoundly studied before the inquiries took place. The interviews were carried out among purposefully selected market practitioners first in Scandinavia and thereafter in London. Acquired data has undergone a rigor analysis and resulted in certain themes that are attributable to each of two studied markets. The analyses were followed by a broad discussion on the evolved peculiarities and both were concluded by establishing the models of the H&M claims’ handling processes. The conclusion of the thesis addressed the key question of this study. It was made explicit that today the approaches largely reflect the difference in historical developments of the distinguished marine insurance markets. Thus, with the historically laid down arrangements of the markets, the role of the claims’ leader in London is more of instructing and approving, whereby the broker takes greater part in dealing with the cases. In Scandinavia, in turn, the claims’ leaders are more pro-active and hands-on in their approach, normally with a wide scope of the in-house expertise
Probing the effect of author self-citations on h index: A case study of environmental engineering
No full textThis study evaluates the impact of author self-citations on h index by exploring 583 authors whose works appear in key periodicals in environmental engineering. The findings show that authors’ h values have high correlation with authors’ article number, total cited count, and their rankings. There is also a high correlation with h index values and rankings of h values. The study indicates that selfcitations have little impact on the values of h index and the h index rankings, whether or not articles with authors’ self-citation are included. Further investigations reveal that, for authors with high values in h index, the two h index values are both highly correlated and with significant difference either with self-citations or without. A similar pattern is seen in authors with low h values. The results suggest that there is no need to deliberately exclude self-citations in analysing or evaluating research performance in environmental engineering.國外SSCIY電子版紙本GB
A Survey of Quality Engineering-ManagementJournals by Bibliometric Indicators
No full textThis paper analyses some of the most popular scientific journals in the Quality field from the point of view of three bibliometric indicators: the Hirsch (h) index for journals, the total number of citations and the h-spectrum. In particular, h-spectrum is a novel tool based on h, making it possible to (i) identify a reference profile of the typical authors of a journal; (ii) compare different journals; and (iii) provide a rough indication of their ‘bibliometric positioning' in the scientific community. Results of this analysis can be helpful for guiding potential authors and members of the scientific community in the Quality Engineering/Management area. A large amount of empirical data are presented and discusse
J(Si,H) Coupling Constants of Activated Si-H Bonds
No full textWe outline in this combined experimental and theoretical NMR study that sign and magnitude of J(Si,H) coupling constants provide reliable indicators to evaluate the extent of the oxidative addition of Si-H bonds in hydrosilane complexes. In combination with experimental electron density studies and MO analyses a simple structure-property relationship emerges: positive J(Si,H) coupling constants are observed in cases where M → L π-back-donation (M = transition metal; L = hydrosilane ligand) dominates. The corresponding complexes are located close to the terminus of the respective oxidative addition trajectory. In contrast negative J(Si,H) values signal the predominance of significant covalent Si-H interactions and the according complexes reside at an earlier stage of the oxidative addition reaction pathway. Hence, in nonclassical hydrosilane complexes such as Cp2Ti(PMe3)(HSiMe3-nCln) (with n = 1-3) the sign of J(Si,H) changes from minus to plus with increasing number of chloro substituents n and maps the rising degree of oxidative addition. Accordingly, the sign and magnitude of J(Si,H) coupling constants can be employed to identify and characterize nonclassical hydrosilane species also in solution. These NMR studies might therefore help to reveal the salient control parameters of the Si-H bond activation process in transition-metal hydrosilane complexes which represent key intermediates for numerous metal-catalyzed Si-H bond activation processes. Furthermore, experimental high-resolution and high-pressure X-ray diffraction studies were undertaken to explore the close relationship between the topology of the electron density displayed by the η2(Si-H)M units and their respective J(Si,H) couplings. (Chemical Equation Presented)
Word Segmentation Standard in Chinese, Japanese and Korean
No full textISO/TC37,
KATS and Ministry of Knowledge Economy
(ROKorea), CNIS and SAC (China), JISC (Japan)
and CSK (DPRK) with special contribution
of Jeniffer DeCamp (ANSI) and Kiyong Lee
The National Pension System and Financial Consumers: An International Comparative Perspective on the Key Linkages
No full textA secure and adequate pension system is central to establish a welfare state. Given that, this book aims to document a set of diverse public policy issues on the financial consumers’ standpoint that are observed in different countries. In this introductiory chapter, we attempt to summarize those policy issues that emerged from the survey of the countries included with respect to each f the three dimensions – adequacy, coverage, and sustainability
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