470 research outputs found
M. Marcel Devic
No full textDefodon Charles. M. Marcel Devic. In: Manuel général de l'instruction primaire : journal hebdomadaire des instituteurs. 55e année, tome 24, 1888. p. 229
Maladie de devic: a propos d'un cas rapporte au CHU-so et revue de la litterature
No full textLes auteurs rapportent un cas de maladie de Devic chez un patient adulte jeune de 30 ans. L'intérêt de cette observation réside dans le fait qu'après plus de cinquante ans d'indépendance, il se pose toujours avec acuité sur le sous-continent Africain un problème de plateau technique entrainant souvent une errance diagnostique voire des erreurs.Mots clés: Maladie de Devic, Afrique, LoméEnglish Title: Devic disease: a case reported to the CHU-so and review of the literatureEnglish AbstractThe authors report a case of Devic disease in a 30 years old adult patient. The interest of this observation lies in the fact that after more than fifty years of independence, there is always a sharp technical problem on the African sub-continent, often leading to diagnostic errors and errors.Keywords: Devic disease, Africa, Lom
Low potential detection of NADH with Prussian Blue bulk modified screen-printed electrodes and recombinant NADH oxidase from Thermus thermophilus
No full textA biosensor for the determination of the reduced coenzyme nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) has been assembled using a recombinant enzyme NADH oxidase from Thermus thermophilus covalently immobilized on Prussian Blue bulk-modified screen-printed electrodes. Flow injection analysis (FIA) coupled with amperometric detection was used to detect NADH. Various parameters such as cofactor (FMN, flavin mononucleotide) concentration (2 mM), flow rate (0.35 mL/min), buffers (citrate-phosphate, phosphate and glycine-KOH), pH dependence (range 3.0-10.5), response time (12 s) and operational stability (120 injections) were evaluated and optimised. At pH 5.0, for which the biosensor showed the highest response, the detection and quantification limits were 1.1 x 10(-7) and 3.6 x 10-7 M, respectively, and the linear working range was comprised between 1 and 400 mu M. The proposed biosensor was stable for 2 months (preserved in 50 mM phosphate buffer, pH 6.8, at 4 degrees C). The possibility to co-immobilize glycerol dehydrogenase (GDH) and the NADH oxidase in order to measure glycerol, a key target analyte during the alcoholic fermentation of grapes, was also investigated. Different dilutions of a complex matrix such as wine were tested to assess the interferences, the probe recovery and stability. (c) 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.[...
Jaws of the nation and weak embraces of the state: The lines of division, indifference and loyalty in Bosnia-Herzegovina
No full textDevic, Ana (Dogus Author)After the conflagration of Tito’s Yugoslavia a medley of new and not-so-new states rose from the ashes. Some of the Yugoslav successor states have joined, or are about to enter, the European Union, while others are still struggling to define their national borders, symbols, and relationships with neighbouring states. Strategies of Symbolic Nation-building in South Eastern Europe expands upon the existing body of nationalism studies and explores how successful these nation-building strategies have been in the last two decades. Relying on new quantitative research results, the contributors offer interdisciplinary analyses of symbolic nation-building in Albania, Bosnia-Herzegovina, Croatia, Kosovo, Macedonia, Montenegro, and Serbia to show that whereas the citizens of some states have reached a consensus about the nation-building project other states remain fragmented and uncertain of when the process will end. A must-read not only for scholars of the region but policy makers and others interested in understanding the complex interplay of history, symbolic politics, and post-conflict transition
A zirconium methacrylate oxocluster as precursor for the low-temperature synthesis of porous zirconium (IV) dicarboxylates
No full textThe exchange of the monocarboxylate ligand of the zirconium methacrylate oxocluster Zr(6)O(4)(OH)(4)(OMc)(12) (OMc = CH(2)=CH(CH(3))COO) with dicarboxylic acids (trans,trans muconic acid and terephthalic acid) leads to porous zirconium dicarboxylates exhibiting the UiO-66 architecture; the mild reaction conditions allow the control of their particle size
Devic mouse: a spontaneous double-transgenic mouse model of human opticospinal multiple sclerosis and autoimmune T- B cell cooperation
No full textMultiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune inflammatory disease of the central
nervous system (CNS). Myelin antigen(s) specific T cells, B cells, and antibodies are thought to play a role in the pathogenesis of MS. While the influence of autoantigenspecific CD4+ T cells has been extensively studied in animal models, the relevance of autoantigen specific B cells and their interactions with pathogenic T cells are largely unknown.
The original aim of the present study was to create a new mouse model with
which to investigate the interaction of myelin autoantigen specific B and T cells and their role in MS pathogenesis. The study was further expanded to analyze the nature and triggers of spontaneous disease and similarity of the mouse lesion pattern to that in human disease.
The double-transgenic mouse (“Devic mouse”) strain presented here contains myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG)-specific T as well as B cells. A significant proportion (>50%) of these mice showed spontaneous experimentalautoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE)-like disease at a young age. In contrast, all single transgenic littermates were free of clinical disease. Spontaneous EAE requires both MOG-specific T and B cells, since the breeding of MOG-specific Ig heavy chain knock-in mice with ovalbumin specific T cell receptor (TCR) transgenic mice did not develop any disease.
Histological analysis of the CNS of affected mice revealed restricted localization of lesions in the spinal cord and optic nerves as well as severe demyelination and axonal damage that spared brain and cerebellum. The inflammatory infiltrates were predominantly composed of macrophages and CD4+ T cells, but occasionally also eosinophils. This peculiar localization of the demyelinating lesions and infiltration profile differ from classic EAE and is reminiscent of Devic’s neuromyelitis optica, a variant of classic MS in humans.
It is not well understood what triggers the initiation of spontaneous EAE. The microbial environment does not significantly affect the clinical disease. Stimulation of the innate immune system with toll-like receptor (TLR) ligands or depletion of putative regulatory cells did not significantly affect EAE development. The (re-)activation of lymphocytes in sick Devic mice mainly occurs in the CNS without
evidence of priming in the peripheral lymphoid organs.
MOG-specific B and T cells cooperate by means of several mechanisms. MOGspecific
B cells, which bind MOG but not the immunodominant peptide MOG 35-55 via their surface immunoglobulin (Ig), efficiently presented even high dilutions of MOG to T cells. This resulted in the enhanced proliferation of T and B cells as well
as rapid activation. Stimulated T, but not B cells, secreted large amounts of Th1
cytokines IFNg and IL-2 along with small amounts of Th2 cytokine IL-5. In addition,
MOG-stimulated T and B cells expressed a set of co-stimulatory molecules, which
further help to modulate the proliferation and activation. Surprisingly, the doubletransgenic Devic mice, but not their single transgenic littermates, had high titers of MOG-specific IgG1 antibodies in the serum, which indicates a previous encounter with antigen in vivo. However, similar MOG-specific serum IgG1 titers were present irrespective of the clinical status. The transfer of EAE by Devic splenocytes in immunodeficient mice or by bone marrow reconstitution in wild-type mice further supported the in vivo cooperation of MOG-specific T and B cells to induce spontaneous EAE.
In summary, Devic mice show several salient features that are important for study
of the pathogenic mechanisms of CNS autoimmunity. As a model of spontaneous
autoimmunity, they may allow us to study the triggering factors of autoimmunity as
well as the factors that determine restricted infiltration of immune cells into the CNS.In addition, the model may be useful for validating novel therapies for autoimmune CNS diseases
Coloration au nitrate d'argent des proteines du liquide cephalo-rachidien non concentre
No full textThe authors present a new technique for the analysis of the cerebro spinal fluid (C.S.F.) proteins: silver stain after isoelectric focusing with possibility of immunofixation. This technique is simple and results are obtained after six hours only after sample deposition. If immunofixation is used a further 24 hours washing is necessary. It is highly sensitive and bands containing 25 ng of proteins can be clearly distinguished so that small volumes (10 microl. at mean) of unconcentrated C.S.F. can be used. With this technique abnormal distinct bands of IgG specificity are seen in the majority of central and peripheral nervous system inflammatory disorders. No distribution of these bands, particularly in the more cathodal zone, seems to be specific of any disease including multiple sclerosis (M.S.). The abnormal IgG bands in M.S.C.S.F. seem to have their counterpart in the serum. These results need further verification. The usefulness of this technique for research purposes is stressed. The protein pattern obtained must be interpreted in the light of the concepts of genetic polymorphism, microheterogeneity and heterogeneous mode of antibody production
Manejo del dolor en un caso de neuromielitis óptica (enfermedad de Devic)
No full textNeuromyelitis optica (NMO) or Devic's disease is an autoimmune disorder, inflammatory and demyelinating, which mainly affects the optic nerve and spinal cord. The clinical is characterized by neuropathic pain type, pattern of vision loss and the appearance of positive visual phenomena as phosphenes induced movement. In active lesions it has been demonstrated that there is pain amplification excitatory action essentially by excessive levels of glutamate. In established injury, loss of astrocytes represents the generality of pain. Devic's disease is more frequent and severe than in MS and has a serious impact on daily life. There literature refers isolated carbamazepine results. In this case report clearly shows the analgesic effect with decreased and painful spasms of neuromodulators + carbamazepine strong opioids in combination with psychotherapy to reduce levels of anxiety and depression and achieve a comprehensive pain management.La neuromielitis óptica (NMO) o enfermedad de Devic es un trastorno autoinmune, inflamatorio y desmielinizante, que afecta principalmente al nervio óptico y la médula espinal. El cuadro clínico está caracterizado por dolor de tipo neuropático, patrón de pérdida de la visión y aparición de fenómenos visuales positivos, como fosfenos inducidos por movimiento. En lesiones activas se ha demostrado que hay amplificación del dolor, esencialmente por acción excitatoria por niveles excesivos de glutamato. En las lesiones establecidas, la pérdida de los astrocitos representa la generalidad del cuadro. El dolor en la enfermedad de Devic es más frecuente y grave que en la esclerosis múltiple, y tiene un grave impacto en la vida cotidiana. Hay literatura que refiere resultados aislados con carbamazepina. En este caso clínico, se ve claramente el efecto analgésico con disminución de los espasmos dolorosos de carbamazepina y neuromoduladores + opioides fuertes en combinación con psicoterapia para disminuir niveles de ansiedad y depresión y lograr un manejo integral del dolor
AUTHOR KEYWORDS
No full textAs new types of TVs with more interactivity are becoming popular, there is a need for a convenient way to control the cursor on TV. Although wireless keyboard and mouse are available, remote control is still the most familiar UI devic
La neuromyélite optique de Devic récidivante : à propos d’un cas
No full textIntroduction :La neuromyélite optique de Devic (NMO) est une affection peu fréquente, de pronostic sombre chez l’adulte, pouvant être mortelle et laisser des séquelles surtout pour les formes récidivantes. Nous rapportons une neuropathie optique récidivante révélant une NMO.Observation :C’est un patient de 37ans, présentant une neuropathie optique récidivante sur 18mois associée à une para parésie. L’étude du liquide céphalo-rachidien montre une pression normale avec une lymphocytose sans modification de protéine et absence de bandes oligoclonales. L’IRM cérébrale est normale et médullaire présente des foyers d’hyper signaux intra médullaires étagés responsables d’élargissement de la moelle en regard avec prise de contraste. Les PEV sont perturbés. Le patient a bénéficié de bolus de corticothérapie lors des poussées. L’évolution est marquée par l’apparition d’une pâleur papillaire avec une acuité visuelle corrigée à 5/10.Discussion :La NMO associe une névrite optique souvent bilatérale et une myélite aiguë transverse associant des troubles moteurs, sensoriels et sphinctériens, secondaire à une démyélinisation auto-immune initiée par une maladie infectieuse. Le diagnostic de cette maladie est retenu selon les critères de Wingerchuk devant l’ensemble des critères absolus et, au minimum, un critère majeur ou deux critères mineurs. Dans le sérum de 70% des patients, il existe un anticorps anti- NMO spécifique qui est un facteur de risque de récurrence. Il n’y a pas de traitement spécifique actuellement et le pronostic est sombre chez l’adulte.Conclusion :La NMO est une affection rare, d’étiopathogénie inconnue avec un tropisme particulier pour la moelle épinière et le nerf optique
- …
