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Behavioural economics and decision theory application in agricultural entrepreneurship promotion
Full text linkThe Dissertation “Behavioural Economics and Decision Theory Application in Agricultural Entrepreneurship Promotion” consists of four Papers.
Paper I “Behavioural Economics Application in Agricultural Entrepreneurship Promotion” proves the importance of entrepreneurship in agriculture promotion and demonstrates the shortcomings of the existing instruments of agro-business motivation. It also shows the limitations of existing literature on entrepreneurship and the low explanatory power of neoclassical models in entrepreneurship theory. The Paper justifies the Behavioural Economics (BE) application in agricultural entrepreneurship motivation and considers how the BE approaches can be implemented in agricultural entrepreneurship promotion. The Paper reveals negative consequences of the biased perception of the agricultural sphere and opens a discussion on possible ways of potential entrepreneurs perception biases avoidance. The Paper proves importance of diversification of hereditary and non-hereditary entrepreneurs, describes possible ways of NUDGE Theory application, stresses the importance of non-pecuniary factors in entrepreneur’s decision making process and suggests indirect agro-entrepreneurship promotion methods through consumers.
Paper II “Policy Effect on Entrepreneurial Decision Modeling and Entrepreneurship Criteria Сlassification” main goals were to model a policy effect on entrepreneurial decision and to create a classification of entrepreneurship criteria applicable in experiment devoted to policy effectiveness assessment. The Paper divides the entrepreneurial determinants classifications into two groups, according to the perspective: Policy Maker’s or Decision Maker’s. The differences between two perspectives decrease the effectiveness of policies aimed at motivation of entrepreneurship in Agriculture. The Decision Maker’s perspective can also be divided into Factors and Gains subgroups. The final decision is made based on the Gains consideration. Applying top-down and bottom-up approaches, using existing literature on entrepreneurship criteria and Maslow hierarchy of needs and his later works, a new classification of entrepreneurship Gains was created and consists of pecuniary and non-pecuniary factors: Realisation, Freedom, Belonging, Social Preference and Esteem.
The classification was checked by applying it to 120 reasons of choosing entrepreneurial career, described by real entrepreneurs. 116 out of 120 reasons were allocated to one of the criteria groups. Part III would apply the created classification of gains in the experiment devoted to analysis of effectiveness of non-financial approaches to Agro-sphere promotion.
The model of a Policy Effect on Entrepreneurial Decision was also created in Part II. The Policy Effect is modeled, applying Average Treatment Effect formula. The Paper suggests different approaches to outcome variable depending on the Decision Maker. The hereditary farmer’s decision to become entrepreneur should be modeled as a binary variable, while the non-hereditary entrepreneur’s decision should be modeled as a discrete variable. According to a third approach, the outcome variable can be modeled as a continuous variable, with a value from 0 to 100, which represent the Attractiveness score of the Agricultural sphere of entrepreneurship. The continuous variable shows a change in perception of the Agricultural sphere Attractiveness.
In the model, the continuous outcome variable is calculated as a sum of criteria performance multiplied by the criteria weight. The model, created in Part II includes the minimum level of performance of alternative on criterion, the biased perception of alternative performance, the risks and the difference in the criteria importance among different groups of individuals.
Paper III of the Thesis “Promotion of Entrepreneurship in Agriculture. Experiment on Non-Pecuniary Method.” is based on the model of a Policy Effect on Entrepreneurial Decision and list of Entrepreneurial Decision criteria, created in the previous Part. The experiment results indicate that the non-financial approach to Agricultural entrepreneurship promotion has a significant effect on the average Attractiveness of the sphere and increases the number of interviewees, who evaluate the Agricultural sphere as the most attractive among the six suggested alternatives. The increase in the average Attractiveness score of the alternative “Agriculture” can be explained by the average increase in perceived performance of alternative on a number of criteria, what proves a stable effect of the Treatment on the Agricultural sphere perception. An assumption that the Treatment has a debiasing effect on the Agricultural sphere perception was made, based on the Paper II conclusions and assumption that perceived performance of the Agro-sphere is underestimated.
The experiment also shows that interviewees, who evaluated the Agricultural sphere as more attractive, gave lower importance to the financial criterion Income. The negative correlation between the level of Attractiveness of the Agro-sphere and Income importance as well as the absence of correlation between the sphere Attractiveness and sphere performance on financial criterion also proves that Income is less important for potential entrepreneurs in Agro-sphere than for those who are more attracted by other business spheres. The background data analyses shows that the participants from smaller cities as well as those who consume organic products find the Agricultural sphere more attractive. The regression model, based on the experiment results, shows that the classification of entrepreneurial decision criteria can be applied in the experiment and predicts the level of Attractiveness of a business sphere.
Paper IV presents a survey conducted in a form of interviews with 30 non-hereditary entrepreneurs in the sphere of Agriculture and 30 entrepreneurs from urban spheres of business. The survey provides several important conclusions and observations. Firstly, the importance of financial criteria is significantly lower for the Agricultural entrepreneurs. Secondly, Rural entrepreneurs value Freedom and Social preference (altruism, sustainability, social responsibility) more than Urban entrepreneurs. The significant correlation between Realisation and Esteem importance for entrepreneurs in Agriculture assumes a considerable social component in entrepreneurs’ perception of self-realisation. Also entrepreneurs in Agriculture are more devoted to their business sphere, than urban entrepreneurs. The follow-up questions revealed that entrepreneurs in Agriculture tend to apply the satisficing rule to financial determinants. The application of satisficing approach to Income might be a factor, which significantly decreases the agricultural business development
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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