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Opinion polling in Central and Eastern Europe under communism
No full textWhilst political opinion polling occupies a well-entrenched position within contemporary capitalist political systems, the same cannot be said for the countries of Central and Eastern Europe. This article focuses primarily on the development of political opinion polling in these countries in the period prior to the collapse of communist regimes at the end of 1989. Polling was a feature of these communist-led societies, although it was limited in terms of its activities, the scope of issue coverage, and its ability to measure public opinion effectively. The major focus of the discussion concentrates on the methodological issues and problems confronting opinion pollsters in these societies during this time
Desert New Urbanism: testing for comfort in downtown Tempe, Arizona
No full textabstract: Outdoor human comfort is determined for the remodelled downtown of Tempe, Arizona, USA, an acclaimed example of New Urbanist infill. The authors desired to know whether changes were accompanied by more comfortable conditions, especially in hot, dry summer months. The physiological equivalent temperature provided an assessment of year-round outdoor human comfort. Building compactness and tree shade that became part of the changes in the downtown provided more overall daytime human comfort than open nearby streets; however some downtown sites were less comfortable at night, but below 40°C, a threshold for human comfort in this desert environment.Corresponding Author:
Katherine Crewe
Arizona State University
[email protected]
Constituents’ Champions
No full textThe House of Commons is one of Britain's mysterious institutions: constantly in the news yet always opaque. In this ground-breaking anthropological study of the world's most famous parliament, Emma Crewe reveals the hidden mechanisms of parliamentary democracy.Examining the work of Members of Parliament – including neglected areas such as constituencies and committees – this book provides unique insights into the actual lives and working relationships of parliamentarians. 'Why do the public loathe politicians but often love their own MP?' the author asks. The antagonistic façade of politics irritates the public who tend to be unaware that, backstage, democracy relies on MPs consulting, compromising and cooperating across political parties far more than is publicly admitted. As the book shows, this is only one of myriad contradictions in the labyrinths of power.Based on unprecedented access and two years of interviews and research in the Palace of Westminster and MPs' constituencies, The House of Commons: An Anthropology of MPs at Work challenges the existing scholarship on political institutions and party politics. Moving beyond the narrow confines of rational choice theory and new institutionalism, Emma Crewe presents a radical alternative to the study of British politics by demonstrating that all of its processes hinge on culture, ritual and social relations
Damage propagation in corroded reinforcing bars with the effect of inelastic buckling under low-cycle fatigue loading
No full textThe effect of inelastic buckling on low-cycle high amplitude fatigue life of reinforcing bars is investigated experimentally. The results show that the inelastic buckling, bar diameter and surface condition are the main parameters affecting the low-cycle fatigue life of reinforcing bars. Through nonlinear regression analyses of the experimental data a new set of empirical equations for fatigue life prediction of reinforcing bars as a function of the buckling length and yield strength are developed. Finally, these empirical models have been implemented into a new phenomenological hysteretic material model for reinforcing bars. Furthermore, the combined effect of inelastic buckling and chloride induced corrosion damage on low-cycle high amplitude fatigue life of embedded reinforcing bars is investigated experimentally. The low-cycle fatigue tests on corroded reinforcing bars varied in percentage mass loss, strain amplitudes and buckling lengths are conducted. The failure modes and crack propagation are investigated by fractography of fracture surfaces using scanning electron microscope
The Future of Parliamentary and Legislative Studies
No full textIn this article, Emma Crewe, Michelle M. Taylor-Robinson and Shane Martin discuss the future of parliamentary and legislative studies. The exchange is based on a Roundtable on the past, present and future of parliamentary studies, which was held online on 9 June 2021 as part of the Annual Conference of the UK Political Studies Association’s Parliaments Specialist Group
The Past of Parliamentary and Legislative Studies
No full textIn this article, Shane Martin, Michelle M. Taylor-Robinson and Emma Crewe discuss the past of parliamentary and legislative studies. The exchange is based on a Roundtable on the past, present and future of parliamentary studies, which was held online on 9 June 2021 as part of the Annual Conference of the UK Political Studies Association’s Parliaments Specialist Group
Curvature ductility and displacement-based assessment of corrosion damaged RC bridge piers in seismic zones
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