1,721,048 research outputs found
Design computazionale e fabbricazione digitale: un diverso approccio per il design. Definizione di un design tool per la comprensione e lo sviluppo di prodotti personalizzabili
Full text linkOggi la maturazione, democratizzazione e diffusione delle tecnologie di Fabbricazione Digitale contribuiscono a un cambiamento di paradigma del rapporto tra progettazione, produzione e consumo. Intanto il Design Computazionale (o generativo, parametrico) è una pratica emergente che si appoggia sulla libertà morfologica e sulla flessibilità logistica offerta dalla FD. La ricerca formula l’ipotesi che il Product Design possa utilizzare e quindi valorizzare al meglio la FD e il DC sviluppando prodotti personalizzabili da un punto di vista morfologico. Per consolidare questa pratica, si elabora un approccio di concept design focalizzato sulle divergenti esigenze degli utenti, che possono determinare la variabilità del prodotto finale. L’analisi dei casi studio ha portato all’identificazione di sei principi ricorrenti di personalizzazione; per replicare questi vantaggi in modo sistemico, la ricerca offre una metodologia supportata da uno strumento cartaceo ‘canvas’, sperimentato attraverso varie attività didattiche. Questo strumento guida il flusso del pensiero progettuale verso un concept la cui caratteristica distintiva è proprio la personalizzabilità. Si auspica che l’approccio proposto aiuterà i Designer a creare nuove opportunità per il sistema produttivo, coerentemente alle recenti politiche di sviluppo dell’industria 4.0.Today the maturing, democratization and diffusion of Digital Fabrication technologies, contribute to a paradigm shift in the relation between design, production and consumption. Meanwhile, Computational Design (also called generative or parametric) is an emerging practice that relies on the morphological freedom and logistical flexibility offered by DF. The doctoral research hypothesizes that the Design discipline could use and valorize better DF and CD by developing products that are personalisable from a morphological point of view. In order to consolidate this practice, the research elaborates a concept design approach focused on the divergent user needs, which can determine the variability of the final product. The analysis of the case studies led to the identification of six recurring personalization principles which can characterize the value proposition; the proposed methodology offers a systemic way of replicating these with the support of a new design tool, experimented through various didactic activities. This canvas tool guides the designers’ thinking towards a product concept of which the act of personalization can be an essential element. The proposed approach might help Designers to create new economic opportunities, coherently with the recent development policies supporting Industry 4.0
Quando il design incontra il futuro. When Design Meets Future
No full textThe only time in which we can act is the future; the consciousness of the centrality of futures’ study within our discipline has been slow to grow in a scientific and sys- tematic manner. The current strength of the international scientific debate about the study of the future, and Anticipation Studies in particular, allows us to meet this important area of concern with many other disciplines involved in the dimension of time yet to come. Sociology, psychology, anthropology, technology, economy, art, can become sources of practices and useful tools to improve the awareness and in- vestigation on possible futures, for their construction and their narration.
This document presents a series of reasoning related to the future that we have named Advanced Design approach. This specific field of study is developed around four main thematic strands: the projection into the far future (long-term), typical of some complex areas such as the automotive sector; the very eccentric and distant spatial or sectorial speculation, that we call extreme design; the contribution of de- sign to continuous innovation processes that neglects the actual speed of need for in- novation; and finally the problem finding or the idea that evermore frequently - in the lack of a clear demanding system capable of guiding and filtering the design work - the project brief is generated without client by the designer him-herself. Within the modifications of the value chain, inside a turbulent and indefinable field as that formed by the contemporary markets and the social changes taking place, here is the Advance Design that, contextualized in the Fuzzy Front End of Innova- tion (FFEI), represents the contribution that design cultures can develop to renew confidence in the resolute production of design activity
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Il pubblico dei musei: tra partecipazione e aspettative
No full textNegli ultimi anni si è manifestato un consistente aumento di partecipazione ad attività di comunicazione pubblica della scienza. Un ruolo rilevante è ricoperto dai musei scientifici, dalle mostre e dai festival della scienza. Attraverso un’indagine campionaria, Observa Science in Society studia ogni anno gli atteggiamenti e i comportamenti dell’opinione pubblica nei confronti della scienza e della tecnologia. Da una recente rilevazione emerge che il 37% dei cittadini italiani frequenta annualmente un museo scientifico o una mostra. Oltre ai dati sulla partecipazione e la frequenza del pubblico, il paper propone anche informazioni sulle aspettative dei cittadini. Ma che cosa chiede il pubblico alle istituzioni museali? I risultati fanno emergere l’esigenza di trovare nei musei spazi di incontro e dialogo con i ricercatori e gli esperti per ascoltare dalla loro voce i risultati delle ricerche, la storia delle collezioni e gli obiettivi delle mostre. Questa percezione indica che i musei non sono solo meri espositori della scienza consolidata ma istituzioni in grado di operare per la diffusione della scienza attraverso la mediazione culturale e la diffusione di nuovi saperi scientifici
Riflessioni e corridoi di ricerca per l'AdvanceDesign
No full textIl testo illustra i corridoi di sviluppo dell'approccio Advanced Design
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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