1,720,957 research outputs found
Effect of cerebral hemisphere decortication on the cytotoxic activity of natural killer and natural cytotoxic lymphocytes in the mouse
No full textA comparison was made of the effects of left and right cerebral decortication on cytotoxic activity of natural killer and natural cytotoxic lymphocytes in the mouse. Natural killer cytotoxic activity was significantly reduced after right decortication, whereas left decortication led to a less pronounced, though still significant fall. The cytotoxic activity of natural cytotoxic cells, on the other hand, was significantly i increased, particularly 15 days after left decortication. These findings mirror the results of previously published personal findings following electrothermocoagulation of the hypothalamus. The suggestion is made that the cortex and the hypothalamus form an integrated system for the control of certain aspects of natural immunity
Physiological and pathological influences of central nervous system on the immune system: A critical appraisal
No full textThere is considerable evidence of intricate links between central nervous and immune systems. This paper makes a critical assessment of these relationships. Recent experimental data on hypothalamic influences on Natural Killer activity in mice have been presented and the problems met with in defining causal nexuses discussed. Some information on immune reactivity in patients with mental disorders has briefly been reviewed. © 1984
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
HYPOTHALAMIC CONTROL OF CERTAIN ASPECTS OF NATURAL IMMUNITY IN THE MOUSE
No full textElectrothermocoagulation (ETC) of the individual nuclei of the median region of the hypothalamus (MH) in the C57BL/6 mouse leads to a significant reduction in the cytotoxic activity of natural killer cells (NK) and the number of large granular lymphocytes (LGL) compared with intact or sham-operated controls. This effect, however, is less than that observed after simultaneous destruction of all MH nuclei. By contrast, no significant change in NK activity was noted after ETC of the anterior (AH) or posterior (PH) regions. Diminution of NK activity due to nuclear MH destruction is not an outcome of the change in adenohypophysis secretion provoked by hypothalamic lesion. Natural cytotoxic activity was markedly increased after ETG located either in AH, or MH, or PH. These results indicate that NK- and NC-mediated immunity is governed by a control mechanism situated in the hypothalamus
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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