1,613 research outputs found
Bakhtinian Dialogic and Vygotskian Dialectic: Compatabilities and contradictions in the classroom?
No full textThis article explores two central notions of ‘dialectics’ and ‘dialogics’ based on the work of Vygotsky (drawing on philosophers such as Hegel, Spinoza, Engels and Marx) and Bakhtin (drawing on members of the Bakhtin Circle and writers such as Dostoevsky and Rabelais) respectively, as well their varying interanimations within Stalin-Marxist Russian society. It is proposed that these two positions are incommensurably located alongside one another in contemporary education. I argue that Bakhtin offers diametrically oppositional educational provocations to those of Vygotsky. The implications of these interpretations will be explored with consideration of their underlying philosophical incompatibilities and contradictions, as well as the opportunities such a consideration pose for educational practice today
Introduction: Reading Bakhtin educationally
No full textReading Bakhtin is a literary experience that leaves the reader gasping for air yet wanting more. His ideas are elusive, foreign, and dark, while at the same time alluring, hopeful, and joyous. To read Bakhtin and the work of other members of his circle calls the reader to a place of instability and confusion-not only in reading the seemingly contradictory nature of the text and grappling with translated misunderstandings, but also in grasping the Aesopian style of writing that characterizes his work.
We offer this collection as a starting point to explore and perhaps even exploit some of the ramifications of Bakhtin's dialogic work; and in doing so consider its relevance for educational theory, practice, and policy across the globe. We welcome the potential for dialogical engagement within this collection by educationalists and others, and look forward to the resulting dialogues-pedagogies and policy encounters-this book will, hopefully, invoke
Barthes, Bakhtin, Structuralism: A Reassessment
No full textPhDThe thesis is a comparative analysis of the shared ideas and concerns in the works of
Mikhail Bakhtin and Roland Barthes from the point of view of differences between
French and Slavic literary structuralisms. Its background argument is that the
structuralism developed in the later works of the Russian Formalists and by Prague
Structuralists and Soviet Semioticians is more historically and socially oriented than its
French version, defining the structure of a literary work as a system of all of its
elements and effects (even those that take us outside of the text, like literary tradition
and historical and political circumstances). In this sense, Bakhtin can be seen as a part
of the Slavic structuralist tradition (and not opposed to it as is often claimed), and
Barthes (seen throughout his career) is on the whole perhaps closer to the Slavic
structuralism than he is to the French.
The particular problems discussed are those of the relationship between
literature and ideology, the notions of intertextuality, heteroglossia, dialogism and
polyphony and the differences between them, and the role of the author.
Barthes and Bakhtin shared a lifelong interest in the role of ideology in literature
and the influence of authoritarian language or myth on culture in general and the literary
text in particular. They looked for ways in which the deadening effect of the
mythological (epic, monological) thought and word can be counteracted through
literature, and different versions of what Kristeva termed 'intertextuality' played an
important part in their treatment of the subject. They also both discussed the role of the
author and their voice in the literary text, and the question of their power over the text,
its characters (Bakhtin) and the reader (Barthes).
The main thread of Barthes and Bakhtin's thought focuses on the problem of
counteracting authoritarian language through literature, and the solutions they proposed
can fruitfully be seen in the light of Slavic structuralism's notions of literary structure
Discourse or dialogue? Habermas, the Bakhtin Circle, and the question of concrete utterances
Get PDFThis is the author's accepted manuscript. The final publication is available at Springer via the link below.This article argues that the Bakhtin Circle presents a more realistic theory of concrete dialogue than the theory of discourse elaborated by Habermas. The Bakhtin Circle places speech within the “concrete whole utterance” and by this phrase they mean that the study of everyday language should be analyzed through the mediations of historical social systems such as capitalism. These mediations are also characterized by a determinate set of contradictions—the capital-labor contradiction in capitalism, for example—that are reproduced in unique ways in more concrete forms of life (the state, education, religion, culture, and so on). Utterances always dialectically refract these processes and as such are internal concrete moments, or concrete social forms, of them. Moreover, new and unrepeatable dialogic events arise in these concrete social forms in order to overcome and understand the constant dialectical flux of social life. But this theory of dialogue is different from that expounded by Habermas, who tends to explore speech acts by reproducing a dualism between repeatable and universal “abstract” discursive processes (commonly known as the ideal speech situation) and empirical uses of discourse. These critical points against Habermas are developed by focusing on six main areas: sentences and utterances; the lifeworld and background language; active versus passive understandings of language; validity claims; obligation and relevance in language; and dialectical universalism
To Act and Learn: A Bakhtinian Exploration of Action Learning
Get PDFThis paper considers the work of the Russian social philosopher and cultural theorist, Mikhail Mikhailovich Bakhtin as a source of understanding for those involved in action learning. Drawing upon data gathered over two years during the evaluation of 20 action learning sets in the north of England, we will seek to work with the ideas of Bakhtin to consider their value for those involved in action learning. We consider key Bakhtin features such as Making Meaning, Participative Thinking, Theoreticism and Presence, Others and Outsideness, Voices and Carnival to highlight how Bakhtin's can enhance our understanding of the nature of action and learning
Mikhail Bakhtin: pensador do riso, da crise e da mudança na teoria dos gêneros do discurso/ Mikhail Bakhtin: Thinker of Laugh, Crisis and Change in the Theory of the Speech Genres
No full textResumo: O objetivo deste artigo é investigar como os temas do riso, da crise e da mudança orientam a teoria dos gêneros do discurso e, em particular, do gênero romance na obra de Mikhail Bakhtin, tomando como pano de fundo A poética de Aristóteles e os Cursos de estética (2014[1842]) de Georg Hegel. A pesquisa é de caráter bibliográfico e faz uso do estenograma de defesa de tese, das teses de duas apresentações orais, de cartas, de parte da produção bibliográfica de M. Bakhtin compreendida entre o final dos anos 1920 e 1960 e de obras de comentadores. Descobrimos que M. Bakhtin situa o romance e a representação da palavra nele em um momento de mudanças e crises nas línguas europeias e na vida discursiva dos povos, ao mesmo tempo que esse gênero desestabiliza os sistemas poéticos estabelecidos. A teoria dos gêneros deBakhtin desenvolve-se em um diálogo tenso entre o passado literário concluso e a contemporaneidade extraliterária e literária em crise e formação.Palavras-chave: Mikhail Bakhtin; riso, crise e mudança; gêneros do discurso.Abstract:The aim of this article is to investigate how the themes of laught, crisis and change guide the theory of speech genres and, in particular, of the novel genre in Mikhail Bakhtin’s work, taking as a background Aristotle’s Poetics and Hegel`s Courses in Aesthetics (2014[1842]). The research is bibliographical and makes use of a thesis defense stenogram, two oral presentation theses, letters, part of M. Bakhtin’s works produced between the late 1920s and 1960s and works by commentators. We disco vered that M. Bakhtin situates the novel and the representation of the word in it at a ntime of changes and crises in European languages and in the discursive life of peoples, at the same time that this genre destabilizes established poetic systems. Bakhtin’s theory of genres develops in a tense dialogue between the finished literary past and the extraliterary and literary contemporaneity in crisis and formation.Keywords: Mikhail Bakhtin; laugh, crisis and change; speech genres
An Aesthetics of Exclusion: Konstantin Vaginov's Kozlinaia pesn'
Get PDFThis thesis renegotiates the position of Konstantin Vaginov’s novel Kozlinaia pesn΄ within the meta-text of post-Revolutionary culture, challenging the long accepted view that Vaginov maps out a programme of exclusion from Bolshevik reality in an attempt to preserve the classical ideals of pre-Revolutionary Russian culture from ruin. Vaginov’s ambivalent treatment of such trends in intellectual culture as the nature of the life culture dualism, the tenability of culture a priori and framings of rebirth in projections of cultural history are dialogised with the theories of Viacheslav Ivanov, Viktor Shklovskii, Roman Iakobson, Mikhail Bakhtin and Lev Pumpianskii.
In addition, critical reception centred around the novel’s status as roman-à-clef is also challenged, particularly the insistence that the novel accurately depicts the reality of intellectual life during the Soviet 1920s and the consequences of the struggle for hegemony over culture.
As an alternative to such readings, the world-view of an all encompassing life is posited as central to Vaginov’s aesthetics, marked by the tendencies to lay low and simultaneously affirm and negate any stance taken in the struggle for hegemony over culture
Paradigma prazdnika v trudah V. Ja. Proppa i M. M. BahtinaThe Paradigm of the Feast in the Work of V. Propp and M. Bakhtin
No full textThe authoress compares two monographs “Russian Agrarian Feasts” (1963) by V. Propp, and “Rabelais and his World” (1965) by M. Bakhtin. Both books deal from different angles with analysis of the carnival held after the winter solstice, celebrating life and the awakening of nature
Perception of M.M. Bakhtin in the West: some general remarks
No full textIn the present work is a translation of the short introductory work of Turin’s Professor Roberto Salizzoni dedicated to the analysis of art of M.M. Bakhtin and some reflections of the author of the translation, which led him to assess creativity Russian thinker, present in this book of the Italian scientist. First of all, the author of the translation does not agree with the disparaging assessment of creativity of Bakhtin how unoriginal and more abounding plagiarism. The author of the translation argues injustice exaggerated influence on the concept of Bakhtin from literary trends and ideas, including by the media those of the so-called “circle of Bakhtin”. The necessity of considering of creativity of Russian thinker as philosophical, creativity independent and original. Such a conclusion can fail and approval of Neokantian origin of “philosophical roots” of Bakhtin’s concept of philosophy of culture
Dialogism M. M. Bakhtin and modern theory of journalism
No full textВ статье рассмотрены основные направления перспективных исследований современной российской журналистики с позиций диалогической концепции М. М. Бахтина. Разобрано применение бахтинского диалогизма к исследованию диалогических жанров, взаимодействия авторов и читателей, взаимоотношений разных типов журналистской деятельности, особенностей пропагандистских текстов.The main directions of perspective researches of modern Russian journalism from positions of the dialogical concept of M. M. Bakhtin are considered in the article. The application of Bakhtin's dialogism referring to dialogical genres' research, interactions of authors and readers, relationship of different types of journalistic activity, features of propaganda texts are analyzed in the article
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