175 research outputs found
Ortodonzia estrattiva: l'estrazione senza rischio dei terzi molari inclusi a contatto con il canale mandibolare
No full textGli autori descrivono un approccio ortodontico-chirurgico all'estrazione di quei denti del giudizio inferiori in contiguità con il canale mandibolare. La tecnica prevede l'allontanamento delle radici del molare dal canale mandibolare mediante estrusione ortodontica. Tale procedura permette di eseguire estrazioni chirurgiche più semplici e veloci, ma soprattutto più sicure, evitando il rischio di complicanze neurologiche e/o frattura mandibolare. Da ricordare anche il vantaggio in termini parodontali per l'apposizione di osso, distalmente al secondo molare, a seguito del movimento estrusivo
Effects of land degradation induced migration in Africa : providing evidence on the role of climate and environmental change as drivers of migration
No full textClimate change and migration are closely interconnected in many parts of the world. Migration is a key way by which households cope with and adapt to rapid and slow environmental changes. Under extreme conditions of drought, economic hardship, and political instability, migration is used as a last-resort survival mechanism. Although these cases continue to happen, they are a less common form of climate-induced migration. Most migration associated with environmental and climate change does not occur under conditions of absolute distress, but of diversification, as households search for opportunities to generate new income sources and to reduce their exposure to environmental and climate related risks and hazards. This type of migration tends to be ignored and raises almost no interest in the media. However, to fully understand the dynamics of migration in less developed countries, it is essential to consider climate change and environmental degradation and increase understanding on the role they play in driving the decision to migrate.
In this thesis, the author tried to address this complex subject by adopting a mix of different approaches that take in consideration the challenges and gaps in knowledge. In particular, the aim of this thesis is to provide new evidence on relationship between climatic and environmental changes and migration by: (i) adopting an inter-disciplinary approach and comparing concepts and paradigms from different academic and policy fields; (ii) elaborating a conceptual framework that shifts from the dominant focus on climate change and addresses migration as a response to gradual environmental changes, such as land degradation and natural resource depletion; (iii) producing new empirical data through a survey conducted on migrants from sub-Saharan Africa.
This thesis consists of a collection of articles and is structured in three chapters, each of which contains one articles/paper. The first two articles have been co-authored, peer-reviewed and published, while the third one has been done in collaboration with the Institute for Scientific Research of the Rabat University that administered the questionnaire in Morocco under the supervision of the author.
The first article is a chapter published in the book “Migration, Risk Management and Climate Change: Evidence and Policy Responses” published by Springer under the series Global Migration Issues in 2016. The title of the chapter is “Remittances for adaptation: an ‘alternative source’ of international climate finance?”. Bringing together literature on climate finance and remittances, the article analyze whether remittances could be considered as an ‘alternative’ source of adaptation finance in international climate negotiations. The second article is a on “Vulnerability and resilience in West Africa: understanding human mobility in the context of land degradation” reviews the evidence on land degradation induced migration in West Africa and explores the circumstances under which migration can actually increase the resilience of households in the face of climate and environmental change. The third article, titled “Environmental change and migration: the role of climatic and environmental conditions in the migration decision”, aims at discussing the nexus between climate/environmental change and migration by focusing on perception of the hazards and motivations for migration from an individual’s perspective. The result of the survey confirmed that, in general, climate and environmental change are important determinants of the decision to migrate, even though concurring with other major motivations. In particular, they turned out to be the most important reasons to migrate for a non-negligible number of migrants
Considerations on the timing of orthodontic-surgical procedures in the correction of Class III skeletal malocclusions.
No full textClass III malocclusions are characterized by a mesialized position of the mandibular component, a condition present in 1-5% of the Caucasian population. In more severe cases, the only solution is surgical treatment, preceded by an orthodontic phase to prepare for the intervention and concluded with a phase to finalize the occlusion. The method proposed in this study aims to reduce the duration of pre-surgical orthodontics to achieve a faster improvement in the patient's aesthetics, with significant psychological implications. Taking a sample of 15 patients previously subjected to orthodontic-surgical treatment to resolve Class III malocclusion, the surgical treatment performed in vivo was replicated on the initial models. After identifying dental precontact, the time required to resolve them during the pre-surgical phase was calculated. Based on the number, type, and extent of movements, a duration of approximately 5 months for the orthodontic preparation phase was predicted, with a reduction of about 9.4 months compared to the average time required for actual pre-surgical treatment. It is believed that the proposed method may represent a particularly advantageous therapeutic approach for patients with skeletal Class III proposed for surgical correction
Orthodontic extraction: the riskless extraction of the impacted lower third molar close to the man
No full textSummary: The study aims was to describe an orthodontic approach to move the third molar's root, which are radiographically close to the mandibular canal, away from the neuro-vascular unit in order to perform riskless extractions.
Materials and methods: SEventy impacted lower third molars were extruded (patient's age between 18 and 50 years).
The procedure consists of various phases:
Phase 1: Creation of orthodontic anchorage
Phase 2: Surgical exposure of the third molar crown
Phase 3: Orthodontic extrusion of the third molar
Phase 4: Radiographic assessment of the extrusion level
Phase 5: Third molar extraction
Results. Sixty eight lower third molars were orthodontically extruded until the roots were moved out of the mandibular canal. Two patients stopped the extrusion and had temporary paresthesia after the extraction.
The treatment time was 3 to 6 months in vertically impacted teeth and 6 to 10 months in horizontally impacted teeth.
Conclusion: The orthodontic-surgical approach to the impacted lower third molar is a simple technique for the dentist and minimally traumatizing for the patient.
This technique makes the extraction easier and quicker, without risk of paresthesia or mandibular fracture, with less post-operative discomfort and with advantages on a periodontal level
"Orthodontic extraction" for the treatment of dentigerous cysts
No full textOBJECTIVES. Dentigerous cysts are a frequent finding in both jaws. They are usually treated by complete surgical enucleation with high risk of post-surgical complications, especially in case of large lesions. An innovative, more conservative and less traumatic approach is proposed in this paper. MATERIALS AND METHODS. 7 patients with mandibular cysts larger than 3 cm associated with impacted third molars were treated by a combined orthodontic-surgical approach. During cyst marsupialization under local anesthesia, tooth crown was exposed and an orthodontic bracket was bonded. RESULTS. The teeth were extruded and extracted with no post-surgical complications after that they were moved away from mandibular canal and new bone developed distally to second molar. A significant reduction of cystic cavity and improvement of periodontal health of adjacent second molars were obtained. CONCLUSIONS. This combined approach makes surgery easier and greatly reduces the risk of post-surgical complications. The procedure proved to be effective in treating large mandibular cysts associated with impacted third molars
Atopic dermatitis in italian children: evaluation of its economic impact.
No full textINTRODUCTION: The aim of our study was to evaluate the economic impact of atopic dermatitis (AD) on the family of young children affected by the disease in Italy. METHODS: Thirty-three families of young children affected by AD were asked to fill in a questionnaire about financial costs associated with providing health care during the past year for their child affected by AD. For each child AD severity was evaluated by using the SCORAD index. RESULTS: By analyzing the questionnaire, an annual average cost of 1254euro (about U.S. $1540) for each family was determined. Main expenses concern the use of moisturizing therapies, particular detergent, and private specialist consultations. Annual family average cost was lower for children with mild AD compared with those with moderate to severe AD. DISCUSSION: AD has a deep impact on the family budget, with an increasing cost in proportion to the increasing severity of the disease. These data support previous reports suggesting that the management of AD in children is complex and costly, altering the quality of life of children and their families
Three years of Italian experience of an educational program for parents of young children affected by atopic dermatitis: improving knowledge produces lower anxiety levels in parents of children with atopic dermatitis.
No full text- …
