10 research outputs found
Inheritance of Suri and Huacaya type of fleece in Alpaca
No full textBackground
Genetic improvement of fibre-producing animal species has often induced transition from double coated to single coated fleece, accompanied by dramatic changes in skin follicles and hair composition, likely implying variation at multiple loci. Huacaya, the more common fleece phenotype in alpaca (Vicugna pacos), is characterized by a thick dense coat growing perpendicularly from the body, whereas the alternative rare and more prized single-coated Suri phenotype is distinguished by long silky fiber that
grows parallel to the body and hangs in separate, distinctive pencil locks. A singlelocus genetic model has been proposed for the Suri-Huacaya phenotype, where Huacaya is recessive.
Methods
Two reciprocal experimental test-crosses (Suri x Huacaya) were carried out, involving a total of 17 unrelated males and 149 unrelated females. An additional dataset of 587
offspring of Suri x Suri crosses was analyzed. Segregation ratios, population genotype frequencies, and/or recombination fraction under different genetic models were
estimated by maximum likelihood.
Results
The single locus model for the Suri/Huacaya phenotype is rejected. In addition, we present two unexpected observations: 1) a large proportion (about 3⁄4) of the Suri
animals is hybrid (with at least one Huacaya offspring), even in rearing conditions where the Huacaya trait would have been almost eliminated; 2) a model with two different values of the segregation ratio fit the data significantly better than a model with a single parameter
Motility and recovery of alpaca (Vicugna pacos) spermatozoa after centrifugation in a density gradient solution
No full textBackground: One of the factors limiting successful processing of alpaca (Vicugna pacos) semen is the viscosity of seminal plasma. The viscous nature of the collected ejaculate has hindered sperm cryopreservation as well as artificial insemination (AI) under field conditions. Aims: The objective of this investigation was to evaluate recovery, motility, and plasma membrane integrity of alpaca spermatozoa after centrifugation in one of two different solutions at one of three different combinations of speed and time. Methods: A total of 24 ejaculates was recovered from seven reproductively sound Huacaya males using a modified artificial vagina (AV) after training the animals for semen collection. A 2 × 3 factorial treatment arrangement was utilized for this study. Ejaculates were divided into fractions for centrifugation in one of two solutions (Tris extender or PureSperm®80 density gradient solution) at one of three combinations of speed and time (492 × g for 15 min, 1968 × g for 10 min, or 4448 × g for 7 min). The experiment was replicated eight times. Results: Analysis revealed that centrifugation at 4448 × g for 7 min in PureSperm®80 provided a high recovery rate of spermatozoa with the highest sperm motility and functional integrity of plasma membrane post-centrifugation. Conclusion: Results suggest that adoption of this procedure (centrifugation at 4448 × g for 7 min in PureSperm®80) in the initial processing of alpaca ejaculates may enhance subsequent ability to use semen for AI and other assisted reproductive biotechnologies in this speciesFil: Gómez Quispe, O. E.. Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina; Perú. Universidad Nacional Micaela Bastidas de Apurímac; PerúFil: Gutiérrez Reynoso, G. A.. Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina; PerúFil: Gallegos Cardenas, A.. Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina; PerúFil: Fumuso, Fernanda Gabriela. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Asparrin, M.. Fundo Mallkini de Michael & Cia S.A.; PerúFil: Asparrin Del Carpio, M.. Fundo Mallkini de Michael & Cia S.A.; PerúFil: Jara, C. W.. Fundo Mallkini de Michael & Cia S.A.; PerúFil: Ponce, D.. Vivanco International SAC; PerúFil: Miguel, M.. Vivanco International SAC; PerúFil: Youngs, C. R.. Iowa State University; Estados UnidosFil: Vivanco, H. W.. Vivanco International SAC; Per
Suri/Huacaya phenotype inheritance in alpaca (Vicugna pacos)
No full textThe Suri/Huacaya phenotype inheritance in alpaca was tested on rwo indipendent Peruvian sources of records: the Registry of Mallkin farm (588 offspring by Suri sire x Suri dam from 62 paternal half sib families, and 2,126 offspring by Huacaya sire x Huacaya dam froom 177 paternal half sib families) and the results of the Quimsachata INIA ILPA Puno experimental trial (two reciprocal experimental test-crosses, involving a total of 17 unrelated males and 149 unrelated females). The data support a genetic model in which two linked loci must simultaneously be homozigous for recessive alleles in order to produce Huacaya phenotype. The estimated recombination rate between these loci was 0.099 (95%C.L. =0.029-0.204). The Birth of 3 Suri offspring from Huacaya x Huacaya mating is explained by a new mutation on some germinal lines of Huacaya animals. The direct mutation can be estimated at 0.001
Diseño geométrico preliminar de intercambio vial y modelación 3d en el kilómetro 19, carretera Panamericana Sur-Lima 2020
No full textEn este proyecto se propone aliviar la continuidad vehicular con un diseño
preliminar de Intercambio Vial en una zona de intersección de una vía angosta con
otra vía de mayor capacidad y con permisos para altas velocidades. El diseño
contempla un ramal de enlace con desnivel conectada lateralmente. Los cálculos
de diseño están alineados con las recomendaciones establecidas en el manual de
carreteras DG-2018. Para el diseño geométrico se utilizó el programa Civil 3D
2018; mientras que para el modelamiento 3D se utilizó el programa Infraworks
2018. Las dimensiones del ramal de enlace tiene un ancho propuesto de 6.60 m,
y tiene un gálibo de 5.50 m, respecto a la vía de alta velocidad. El servicio está
proyectado para 20 años, y brindar acceso 1221 veh/día validado estadísticamente.
La característica del pavimento es rígido en la zona del puente respecto al gálibo y
pavimento flexible en el tramo restante. La prolongación del ramal de enlace
incrementará el ancho de la vía de alta velocidad de 14 m a 20.60 m a lo largo de
100 m de longitud posterior al punto de intersección. Los estudios de topografía,
de tráfico, planos de planta, perfil longitudinal y secciones transversales,
complementan el desarrollo del proyecto. Los resultados de este proyecto son de
extrema importancia para los diseños de Infraestructura Vial ya que permite aliviar
el flujo de tráfico vehicular con un servicio de Infraestructura avanzad
112 hormonal supplementation strategies for improvement of pregnancy rates in embryo transfer in alpacas
No full textThe aim was to improve the pregnancy rate in recipient alpacas following embryo transfer. Two experiments were carried out, Experiment 1 in the southern highlands (4,100 m elevation) and Experiment 2 (E2) in the central highlands (3,200 m elevation) of the Peruvian Andes. In both experiments, a group of alpaca donors was subjected to superovulation and embryo flushing as per procedures already described (Vivanco 2013 29th Annu. Mtg. European Embryo Transfer Association, 43–74). The synchronization of the recipient alpacas and ovulation induction in both experiments was made by ultrasonography selection of the alpacas with follicles greater than 8 mm and their exposure to vasectomized males followed by an injection of GnRH (0.0042 mg of acetate of buserelin, Buserelina Zoovet®, Laboratorio Zoovet, Santa Fe, Argentina). The embryo transfers in both locations were made by laparoscopically aided laparotomy 6.5 days after ovulation induction. In Experiment 1, 29 recipient alpacas were distributed in 2 treatments: treatment 1 (n = 14) was the control (no hormonal supplementation); alpacas in treatment 2 (n = 15) received an injection of 300 IU of eCG (Novormon®, Partnar Animal Health, Port Huron, MI, USA) and the insertion of an intravaginal sponge containing 60 mg of medroxyprogesterone acetate (Progespon®, Syntex SA, Buenos Aires, Argentina) 72 h after the injection of the GnRH applied at ovulation induction, the sponges remained in the vagina of the recipients up until Day 21 post-transfer. In Experiment 2, ten recipient alpacas were distributed into 2 treatments, treatment 1 as the control (n = 5, no hormonal supplementation) and treatment 2 (n = 5) in which the recipient alpacas received a dose of a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory (2 mg/kg of tolfenamic acid, Tolfén L.A. 8%®, Agrovet Market Animal Health, Lima, Peru) 12 h before the embryo transfer with the aim of blocking PGF2α secretion and preventing corpus luteum (CL) regression. At time of transfer, control recipients in Experiment 1 showed in average 0.71 ± 0.71 follicles and 1.14 ± 0.53 CL and the treatment 2 recipients showed 2.73 ± 2.52 follicles and 1.20 ± 0.56 CL, respectively, and there was no significant differences (P > 0.05) between treatment groups in the pregnancy rates 60 days post-transfer, being 35.7% (5/14) and 26.7% (4/15) for treatment 1 (control) and 2 (hormonally supplemented), respectively. In Experiment 2, the number of follicles and CL were not recorded; the differences between treatments for pregnancy rates were also nonsignificant (P > 0.05), the pregnancy rates were 20% (1/5) and 40% (2/5) for treatment 1 (control) and treatment 2 (injected with anti-inflammatory) respectively. In the first experiment, the hormonal treatment increased the number of non-ovulatory follicles; this could have negatively influenced its effectivity on increasing pregnancy rates. In the second experiment, a tendency can be observed for better holding rates in alpacas receiving the anti-inflammatory treatment; it will be necessary to increase the number of observations in a new experiment in order to determine if this will have a significant effect on improving holding rates in alpacas.Consejo Nacional de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación Tecnológica - Concyte
159 COMPARISON BETWEEN EQUINE CHORIONIC GONADOTROPIN AND PORCINE FOLLICLE STIMULATING HORMONE FOR IN VIVO PRODUCTION OF EMBRYOS IN ALPACAS (VICUGNA PACOS) SHOWING NATURAL LUTEAL PHASE AFTER INDUCTION OF OVULATION
No full text
Alpacas are animals with induced ovulation, andthey show high individual variation in the symptoms, duration, and regularity of oestrus or period of female receptivity to males; their follicular phase does not end in ovulation and subsequent luteal phase unless an external stimulation such as copulation or exogenous application of an ovulation inducing hormone is applied. The objective of the present study was to compare the use of eCG v. porcine (p)FSH as superovulatory hormones for the in vivo production of embryos in alpacas that were selected as being receptive to the male and were treated with an ovulation-inducing hormone to generate a luteal phase. Twenty adult (3 to 5 years old) female alpacas, located at Mallkini, Puno, Peru (at 4100 m elevation), were used for the trial. A group of females was exposed to males to test for breeding receptivity; 20 alpacas were receptive, adopting copulatory position. Each of the selected females received 3.75 mg of LH IM (Lutropin®, Bioniche Animal Health, Belleville, ON, Canada). Day 0 was then considered the date of LH injection. The 20 alpacas were then distributed into 2 treatments: Treatment 1 (T1 = 10 alpacas) received on Day 2, 1000 IU of eCG IM (Pregnecol®, Bioniche Animal Health) and on Day 7, a dose of PGF2α IM (0.263 mg of cloprostenol; Ciclar®, Andeanvet-Zoovet, Lima, Peru). Treatment 2 alpacas (T2 = 10 alpacas) received from Day 2 and up to Day 5, at 12-h interval, decreasing doses of pFSH IM (100 mg; Folltropin V®, Bioniche Animal Health) for 4 days, and on Day 7, a dose of PGF2α IM (0.263 mg of cloprostenol; Ciclar®, Andeanvet-Zoovet). All alpacas from T1 and T2 were mated twice with fertile males, the first mating at 24 h after the injection of PGF2α and the second at 12 h after the first mating. All females received a dose of GnRH IM (0.0084 mg of buserelin; Buserelina®, Andeanvet-Zoovet) at time of first mating. The embryos in both treatments were collected 6.5 days after the first mating by nonsurgical transcervical embryo flushing. There were no significant differences in the mean number of blastocysts collected per treatment (P > 0.05), being 3.0 ± 2.87 blastocyst for T1 and 1.6 ± 2.67 for T2. The number of blastocysts per treatment was 30 and 16 for T1 and T2, respectively. The results show that superovulatory treatment with eCG is more effective for the production of viable blastocysts than treatment with pFSH in alpacas treated for superovulation during the luteal phase.
This work was partially funded by Bioniche Animal Health.
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200 EVALUATION OF SUPEROVULATORY REGIMES FOR IN VIVO EMBRYO PRODUCTION IN ALPACAS (LAMA PACOS)
No full text
The objective of the study was to evaluate 4 superovulatory regimes in terms of the quantity of transferable embryos recovered. A total of 48 female alpacas, 3 to 5 years of age and located at Malkini Alpacas Farm (4100 m elevation), were distributed into 4 treatments. In treatment 1, 13 female alpacas received on Day 0 an intravaginal device containing 0.78 mg of progesterone (Cue Mate®, Bioniche Animal Health, Belleville, Ontario, Canada) followed immediately by an i.m injection of estradiol (1 mg of estradiol benzoate) and an i.m. injection of PGF2α (Veyx®, 0.25 mg of cloprostenol). The intravaginal device was removed on Day 7, performing at removal time an i.m. injection of estradiol. From Days 8 to 16, the alpacas received an i.m injection twice per day and 12 hours apart of pFSH (FolltropinV®, Bioniche Animal Health) in decreasing doses totaling 420 mg of pFSH; on Day 16,300 IU of eCGi.m. (Pregnecol®, Bioniche Animal Health) was injected. In treatment 2, 13 alpacas received on Day 0 an intravaginal device of progesterone followed by an i.m. injection of PGF2; from Days 5 to 9, alpacas received injections twice per day of decreasing doses of pFSH (porcine FHS) totaling 320 mg; on Day 7, the intravaginal device was removed and 500 IU i.m. of eCG was injected. In treatment 3,13 alpacas received on Day 0 an intravaginal device of progesterone followed immediately by an i.m injection of GnRH (Conceptal®, 0.0042 mg of acetate of busereline); pFSH was injected i.m. from Days 5 to 9 in decreasing doses twice per day, totaling 440 mg; the intravaginal device was removed on Day 7. In treatment 4, 9 female alpacas received on Day 0 an i.m. injection of GnRH after verifying the presence of a preovulatory follicle (>8.0 mm diameter). On Day 2, the alpacas received 1000 IU i.m. of eCG followed on Day 7 by an i.m. injection of PGF2. In all cases, the donor alpacas were evaluated by ultrasonography. The matings for treatments 1, 2, and 3 were performed twice per donor alpaca at 12-hour intervals between Days 5 and 8 of the initiation of the pFSH treatments, whereas in treatment 4 the matings were made the following day after the application of the PGF2. In treatment 1, the donor alpacas received at time of first mating an i.m injection of 3.75 mg of LH (Lutropin®, Bioniche Animal Health); in treatments 2, 3, and 4, the donors received an i.m. injection of GnRH. In all treatments, embryo collection was performed by nonsurgical method 6.5 days after first mating. There were significant differences between treatments (P < 0.05) in the mean number of CL, with treatment 4 being the highest (4.7 ± 2.63, 4.1 ± 3.05, 1.8 ± 1.8, and 6.0 ± 3.16 for treatments 1 to 4, respectively). The total number of blastocysts recovered per treatment was 7, 16, 2, and 18 for treatments 1 to 4, respectively. The superovulatory strategy followed for treatment 4 showed to be the one resulting in the highest number of transferable embryos. Further comparative evaluations between FSH and eCG treatments are recommended.
Research was partially funded by the contributions of Bioniche Animal Health.
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Temperamento y niveles de ansiedad en los colaboradores de la Municipalidad de El Tambo en tiempos de Covid-19, 2022
No full textIntroducción: El temperamento predispone nuestra forma de pensar, sentir y actuar ante ambios repentinos en el ambiente, como el impacto del Covid-19, de tal manera que el temperamento puede asociarse con cuadros clínicos de ansiedad en colaboradores de entidades públicas, quienes estuvieron expuestos a mayor riesgo de contagio y de fallecer. Objetivo: El objetivo de esta investigación es determinar la relación entre el temperamento y los niveles de ansiedad en los colaboradores. Materiales y método: Participaron en el estudio 251 colaboradores con edades entre 18 y 68 años, quelaboraron en exposición al covid-19 en áreas administrativas y operarias. El porcentaje de hombres es de 56% y de mujeres en un 44%. Los participantes respondieron al Inventario de Personalidad de Eysenck (EPI) y el Inventario de Ansiedad de Beck (BAI). Resultados: La prueba de Chi cuadra nos indica que Se encontró asociación entre el temperamento y los niveles de ansiedad, encontrándose resultados similares entre los temperamentos sanguíneo, colérico y melancólico, a excepción del flemático. Conclusión: Esta investigación encontró que existe asociación entre el temperamento y los niveles de ansiedad en los colaboradores expuestos a un riesgo biológico como el Covid-1
Retorno a la competencia post lesión de esguince de tobillo en el futbol – Revisión Documental
No full textEl futbol es un deporte de alto impacto, que produce mecanismos traumáticos, esto provocando diferentes lesiones, donde se evidencia que la lesión mas recurrente es la del esguince de tobillo, se observó 445 lesiones durante 267 partidos, con un 63% a 93% de lesiones entren inferior. Este tipo de lesión tiene tendencia a localizarse en el ligamento lateral externo, exactamente el ligamento peroneoastragalino con un porcentaje del 85%. Tras la lesión se comienzan a realizar diferentes tratamientos como la rehabilitación, la incorporación a la práctica deportiva y competencia. El objetivo principal de la recuperar las capacidades funcionales, así teniendo una vuelta progresiva a la competencia, creando una memoria motriz de las acciones motoras logrando favorecer el Return To Play, este dependiendo de los objetivos, procesos numéricos e indicadores de rendimiento, que darán el aval para volver. Objetivo: Establecer una estrategia de retorno a la competencia post lesión de esguince de tobillo en futbol a partir de una revisión documental. Metodología: Se realizo una revisión documental de diferentes artículos científicos de los últimos 5 años, se buscó en bases de datos como Google Académico, Scopus y EBSCO. Después de realizar los criterios de exclusión y la valoración de calidad se seleccionaron 18 artículos científicos, experimentales y revisiones sistemáticas. Encontrando 9 revisiones bibliográficas, 2 revisiones sistemáticas, 3 estudios no experimentales y 4 Estudios experimentales. Resultados: Después de seleccionar los diferentes artículos se evidencio las variables a estudiar, es decir, el esguince de tobillo que está integrado por el tipo de lesión y el grado, también la recuperación deportiva que está basada en las fases de recuperación y el retorno a cancha, por último, está el método de intervención donde se enfoca las estrategias enfocadas al retorno de competencia. Determinando que los ejercicios de propiocepción, pliometría y fortalecimiento muscular son esenciales. Conclusiones: Se considera una estrategia integral para el retorno a la competencia post esguince de tobillo, determinando el diagnostico, el rango de movimiento y la activación muscular. Tomando como estrategias la importancia de conocer el mecanismo de lesión, realizando las fases progresivamente desde las recomendaciones de RICE y Kinesiotape, el retorno seguro, y el trabajo específico para la recuperación del deportista.Soccer is a high-impact sport, which produces traumatic mechanisms, this causing different injuries, where it is evident that the most recurrent injury is ankle sprain, 445 injuries were observed during 267 games, with 63% to 93% of injuries enter lower. This type of lesion tends to be located in the external lateral ligament, exactly the fibular-talar ligament with a percentage of 85%. After the injury, different treatments such as rehabilitation, incorporation into sports practice and competition begin to be carried out. The main objective of recovering the functional capacities, thus having a progressive return to the competition, creating a motor memory of the motor actions managing to favor the Return To Play, this depending on the objectives, numerical processes and performance indicators, which will give the endorsement to return. Objective: To establish a strategy for returning to competition after an ankle sprain injury in soccer based on a documentary review. Methodology: A documentary review of different scientific articles from the last 5 years was carried out, it was searched in databases such as Google Scholar, Scopus and EBSCO. After carrying out the exclusion criteria and the quality assessment, 18 scientific, experimental articles and systematic reviews were selected. Finding 9 bibliographic reviews, 2 systematic reviews, 3 non-experimental studies and 3 experimental studies. Results: After selecting the different articles, the variables to be studied were evidenced, that is, the ankle sprain that is integrated by the type of injury and the degree, also the sports recovery that is based on the recovery phases and the return to field, finally, there is the intervention method where the strategies focused on the return of competition are focused. Determining that proprioception, plyometrics and muscle strengthening exercises are essential. Conclusions: It is considered a comprehensive strategy for the return to competition after ankle sprain, determining the diagnosis, range of motion and muscle activation. Taking as strategies the importance of knowing the mechanism of injury, carrying out the phases progressively from the recommendations of RICE and Kinesiotape, the safe return, and the specific work for the athlete's recovery.Incluye bibliografíaPregradoProfesional en Ciencias del DeporteCiencias del DeporteSalud Humana y animal Ciencias del Deporte y la Actividad Físic
Discriminación y violencia de género en entornos laborales desde el enfoque sistémico
No full textLa violencia y discriminación de género son problemáticas que se han presentado a lo largo de la historia. Se realiza una investigación documental en la cual se analizan las implicaciones y consecuencias psicológicas de una víctima de violencia a razón de género en un espacio laboral. En la investigación realizada, se evidenciaron distintas sintomatologías de afectaciones psicológicas, la distribución desigual de trabajo y brechas salariales entre mujeres y hombres que continúan perpetuándose a través de dinaminas violentas “naturalizadas”. A través de dicha investigación, se visibiliza la problemática actual en espacios organizacionales, y como fuente de información a víctimas que buscan una orientación.Gender violence and discrimination are problems that have been present throughout history. A documentary research is carried out to analyze the psychological implications and consequences of a victim of gender-based violence in the workplace. In the research, different symptomatologies of psychological affectations, the unequal distribution of work and wage gaps between women and men that continue to be perpetuated through "naturalized" violent dynamics were evidenced. Through this research, the current problem is made visible in organizational spaces, and as a source of information for victims seeking guidance.Resumen. -- Introducción. -- Planteamiento de la necesidad, problemática o fenómeno a describir, explicar o intervenir. -- Marco contextual. -- Marco de reflexión. -- Marco metodológico. -- Conclusiones. -- Referencias bibliográ[email protected]@campusucc.edu.c
