5,400 research outputs found
50 Years After Wittgenstein’s Vienna. On Wittgenstein, Toulmin and Philosophy. Tomasz Zarębski in Conversation With Allan Janik
No full textIn this interview, Tomasz Zarębski speaks with Allan Janik, co-author of Wittgenstein’s Vienna (1973, with Stephen Toulmin), on the occasion of the 50th anniversary of the publication of this pathbreaking book. The conversation concerns the circumstances, motivations and reasons for his undertaking the work on the book, as well as its reception and place in Wittgenstein scholarship. A large part of the discussion refers to his perspective of Wittgenstein, Toulmin’s philosophical writings, and Janik’s own vision of philosophy. The interview took place in Innsbruck on 23rd and 25th August 2023
Romantic bard – Zygmunt Krasiński at the palace salon in Rybna
No full textMAŁGORZATA BURZKA-JANIK – adiunkt w Instytucie Polonistyki i Kulturoznawstwa Uniwersytetu Opolskiego (Katedra Historii Literatury, Komparatystyki i Antropologii Literackiej; Pracownia literatury XIX wieku). Zainteresowania naukowe: literatura XIX wieku, w tym głównie epoki romantyzmu (czarny romantyzm, powieść poetycka, epistolografia epoki, problem domu i bezdomności w twórczości A. Mickiewicza, J. Słowackiego, C. K. Norwida; twórczość poetycka i dramatyczna T. A. Olizarowskiego oraz S. Witwickiego), a także wybrane zagadnienia pozytywizmu (czasopiśmiennictwo epoki, w tym szczególnie młodzi pozytywiści warszawscy na łamach „Przeglądu Tygodniowego”) oraz literatury Młodej Polski (twórczość poetycka M. Pawlikowskiej-Jasnorzewskiej, zagadnienie ironii); wybrane aspekty literatury XX wieku (twórczość poetycka W. Szymborskiej, B. Maja), glottodydaktyka, konteksty kulturowe w edukacji, przestrzeń i miejsce w badaniach kulturowych, literatura światowa. Prace zwarte: Tomasz August Olizarowski, Poematy. Z autografów i pierwodruków opracowała, wstępem poprzedziła M. Burzka-Janik, redakcja tomu M. Burzka-Janik, J. Ławski, Białystok 2014, s. 932. M. Burzka-Janik, „Tyle naraz świata…” Szkice o poezji Wisławy Szymborskiej, Opole 2012, s. 120. M. Burzka-Janik, W poszukiwaniu centrum. Dom i bezdomność w życiu i twórczości Adama Mickiewicza, Opole 2009, s. 262. Książki redagowane: Józef Sękowski, Fantastyczne podróże barona Brambeusa. Wstęp: J. Ławski i J. Dziedzic. Red. tomu, opr. M. Burzka-Janik i J. Ławski, Białystok 2016, s. 300. Stefan Witwicki, Edmund, wstęp i opr. tekstu M. Sokołowski, opr. Aneksu i wprowadzenia M. Burzka-Janik, red. tomu i przypisu J. Ławski, H. Krukowska, Białystok 2015, s. 324. Mickiewicz w kontekstach kulturowych dawnych i współczesnych, pod red. I. Jokiel, M. Burzki-Janik, Opole 2012, s. 350. Mieszka w Tarnowskich Górach.Uniwersytet Opolski41151
Geographic and species variation in bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops spp.) signature whistle types
No full textGeographic variation in the whistle vocalisations of dolphins has previously been reported. However, most
studies have focused on the whole whistle repertoire, with little attempt to classify sounds into biologically
relevant categories. Common bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) use individually distinctive signature
whistles which are thought to help maintain contact between conspecifics at sea. These whistles may show a
different kind of variation between populations than non-signature whistles. Here I investigate signature
whistle use and variation in the two recognised species of bottlenose dolphins (T. truncatus and T. aduncus)
from populations inhabiting the coastal waters of the North America, Scotland, South Africa, Tanzania,
Japan, Australia and New Zealand, and one captive colony. I identified likely signature whistles (signature
whistles types, SWTs) from acoustic recordings by combining two novel techniques: automated contour
categorisation in ARTwarp (Deecke and Janik, 2006) and a specific bout analysis based on the timing of
signature whistle production in T. truncatus termed SIGID (Janik et al. in press). Three ways of categorising
the contours were tested and between 87 and 111 SWTs were identified in total. Repeated emissions of
stereotyped contours were apparent in the repertoire of all T. aduncus populations using both automated and
human observer categorisation, providing good evidence for signature whistle use in this species. There was
significant inter-specific variation in the frequency parameters, looping patterns and duration of SWTs.
Inflection points, duration and measures of SWT complexity showed high variation within populations,
suggesting inter- and intra-individual modification of these parameters, perhaps to enhance identity encoding
or convey motivational information. Using 328 bases of the mtDNA control region, I found high levels of
population differentiation (FST and φST) within the genus Tursiops. These data do not support a link between
mtDNA population differentiation and variability in call type. Instead, morphological variations at the
species level, and learned differences at the population level, better explain the variation found
Chasing consistency: an update of the TCP gene family of Malus × domestica
No full textThe 52 members of the Teosinte-Branched 1/Cycloidea/Proliferating Cell Factors (TCP) Transcription Factor gene family in Malus × domestica (M. × domestica) were identified in 2014 on the first genome assembly, which was released in 2010. In 2017, a higher quality genome assembly for apple was released and is now considered to be the reference genome. Moreover, as in several other species, the identified TCP genes were named based on the relative position of the genes on the chromosomes. The present work consists of an update of the TCP gene family based on the latest genome assembly of M. × domestica. Compared to the previous classification, the number of TCP genes decreased from 52 to 40 as a result of the addition of three sequences and the deduction of 15. An analysis of the intragenic identity led to the identification of 15 pairs of orthologs, shedding light on the forces that shaped the evolution of this gene family. Furthermore, a revised nomenclature system is proposed that is based both on the intragenic identity and the homology with Arabidopsis thaliana (A. thaliana) TCPs in an effort to set a common standard for the TCP classification that will facilitate any future interspecific analysi
Moisture effects on diffuse reflection infrared spectra of contrasting minerals and soils: a mechanistic interpretation
No full textAbstract not availableLeslie J. Janik, José M. Soriano-Disla, Sean T. Forrester, Michael J. McLaughli
Evaluation of the performance of portable visible-infrared instruments for the prediction of soil properties
No full textAbstract not availableJosé M. Soriano-Disla, Leslie J. Janik, Danielle J. Allen, Michael J. McLaughli
Facts physics on the Background of philosophy
No full textThis article is drafted on the basis of three complementary essays by Professor Jerzy Janik. The author takes a look at selected issues in the field of quantum mechanics – especially the problem of quantum superposition and supersymmetry – from perspective of great philosophical systems. The author draws attention to the fact that some of these issues reflect old philosophical problems (e.g., empiricism vs rationalism), and – in some cases – philosophical perspective may save interpretations of quantum mechanics from paradoxes
Fakty fizyki na tle przymiarek filozofii
No full textThis article is drafted on the basis of three complementary essays by Professor Jerzy Janik. The author takes a look at selected issues in the field of quantum mechanics – especially the problem of quantum superposition and supersymmetry – from perspective of great philosophical systems. The author draws attention to the fact that some of these issues reflect old philosophical problems (e.g., empiricism vs rationalism), and – in some cases – philosophical perspective may save interpretations of quantum mechanics from paradoxes
Repeated elicitation of the acoustic startle reflex leads to sensitisation in subsequent avoidance behaviour and induces fear conditioning
No full textBackground: Autonomous reflexes enable animals to respond quickly to potential threats, prevent injury and mediate fight or flight responses. Intense acoustic stimuli with sudden onsets elicit a startle reflex while stimuli of similar intensity but with longer rise times only cause a cardiac defence response. In laboratory settings, habituation appears to affect all of these reflexes so that the response amplitude generally decreases with repeated exposure to the stimulus. The startle reflex has become a model system for the study of the neural basis of simple learning processes and emotional processing and is often used as a diagnostic tool in medical applications. However, previous studies did not allow animals to avoid the stimulus and the evolutionary function and long-term behavioural consequences of repeated startling remain speculative. In this study we investigate the follow-up behaviour associated with the startle reflex in wild-captured animals using an experimental setup that allows individuals to exhibit avoidance behaviour. Results: We present evidence that repeated elicitation of the acoustic startle reflex leads to rapid and pronounced sensitisation of sustained spatial avoidance behaviour in grey seals (Halichoerus grypus). Animals developed rapid flight responses, left the exposure pool and showed clear signs of fear conditioning. Once sensitised, seals even avoided a known food source that was close to the sound source. In contrast, animals exposed to non-startling (long rise time) stimuli of the same maximum sound pressure habituated and flight responses waned or were absent from the beginning. The startle threshold of grey seals expressed in units of sensation levels was comparable to thresholds reported for other mammals (93 dB). Conclusions: Our results demonstrate that the acoustic startle reflex plays a crucial role in mediating flight responses and strongly influences the motivational state of an animal beyond a short-term muscular response by mediating long-term avoidance. The reflex is therefore not only a measure of emotional state but also influences emotional processing. The biological function of the startle reflex is most likely associated with mediating rapid flight responses. The data indicate that repeated startling by anthropogenic noise sources might have severe effects on long-term behaviour. Future, studies are needed to investigate whether such effects can be associated with reduced individual fitness or even longevity of individuals.Peer reviewe
Mickiewicz’s Depth of the ‘Place’. A Vertical Character of Soplicowo
No full textThe shape of a circle, with its midpoint or centre, is one of the spatial images lying at the basis of many of the lyrical poems written by Adam Mickiewicz, including The Vision, Defend Me from Myself..., The Akkerman Steppes, Spin Love…, To Flee with My Love onto a Leaf [Leaves]... The motif of a circular shape with a clearly defined centre also appears in Master Thaddeus, and in Forefathers’ Eve. Mickiewicz the poet structures his works around the imagery of a circle and its centre to convey metaphorically what is of value to Mickiewicz the man. His ‘centric’ thinking puts the poet in the centre of an ontological, metaphysical vision of the cosmos, right in the centre, at the very core of the Universe, in its most profound, undiscovered depths. In this essay, we attempt to explicate Mickiewicz’s depiction of a man placed ‘in the centre of the firmament’ in the Crimean sonnets, the ‘Great Improvisation’ soliloquy in Forefathers’ Eve, in chosen lyrical poems, and in the Great Poem [Master Thaddeus] itself. From this perspective, the concepts of ‘space’ and ‘place’ attain exceptional depth.MAŁGORZATA BURZKA-JANIK – dr, adiunkt w Instytucie Nauk o Literaturze Uniwersytetu Opolskiego. Zainteresowania badawcze: literatura XIX wieku, w tym głównie epoki romantyzmu (w tym: czarny romantyzm, powieść poetycka, epistolografia epoki, problem domu i bezdomności w twórczości A. Mickiewicza, J. Słowackiego, C. K. Norwida; twórczość poetycka i dramatyczna T. A. Olizarowskiego oraz S. Witwickiego), a także wybrane zagadnienia pozytywizmu oraz literatury Młodej Polski; wybrane aspekty literatury XX wieku, glottodydaktyka, przestrzeń i miejsce w badaniach kulturowych, literatura światowa. Wydała: Tomasz August Olizarowski, Poematy. Z autografów i pierwodruków opracowała, wstępem poprzedziła Małgorzata Burzka-Janik, red. tomu Małgorzata Burzka-Janik, Jarosław Ławski, Białystok 2014, ss. 932; Małgorzata Burzka-Janik, „Tyle naraz świata…” Szkice o poezji Wisławy Szymborskiej, Opole 2012, ss. 120; tejże, W poszukiwaniu centrum. Dom i bezdomność w życiu i twórczości Adama Mickiewicza, Opole 2009, ss. 262.Uniwersytet OpolskiArchetypy i symbole, wybór i wstęp M. Głowiński, Warszawa 1991.Bachelard G., Wyobraźnia poetycka. Wybór pism, wyboru dokonał H. Chudak, przeł. H. Chudak, A. Tatarkiewicz, przedmowa J. Błoński, Warszawa 1975.Buczyńska-Garewicz H., Miejsca, strony, okolice. Przyczynek do fenomenologii przestrzeni, Kraków 2006.Burzka-Janik M., Biesiada w Soplicowie jako część boskiego ładu istnienia?, „Bibliotekarz Podlaski. Ogólnopolskie Naukowe Pismo Bibliotekoznawcze i Bibliologiczne” 2019, nr 1.Burzka-Janik M., W poszukiwaniu centrum. Dom i poetycka bezdomność w życiu i twórczości Adama Mickiewicza, Opole 2009.Dopart B., „Pan Tadeusz” Adama Mickiewicza – o wielopłaszczyznowości poematu uniwersalnego, [w:] tegoż, Romantyzm polski: pluralizm prądów i synkretyzm dzieła, Kraków 1999.Eliade E., Sacrum, mit, historia. Wybór esejów, przeł. A. Tatarkiewicz, Warszawa 1974.Eliade E., Traktat o historii religii, przeł. J. Wierusz-Kowalski, wstęp. L. Kołakowski, Łódź 1993.Jokiel I., Lornety i kapota. Studia o Mickiewiczu, Opole 2006.Kowalski P., Leksykon znaki świata. Omen, przesąd, znaczenie, Warszawa–Wrocław 1998.Krukowska H., „Pan Tadeusz” jako poezja czysta. Studia i szkice o Mickiewiczu, Białystok 2016.Lurker M., Przesłanie symboliki koła w mitach, kulturach i religiach, przeł. R. Wojnakowski, Kraków 1994.Ławski J., Marie romantyków. Metafizyczne wizje kobiecości. Mickiewicz – Malczewski – Krasiński, Białystok 2003.Mickiewicz A., Pan Tadeusz czyli ostatni zajazd na Litwie. Historia szlachecka z r. 1811 i 1812 we dwunastu księgach, [w:] tenże, Dzieła, t. IV. Wydanie rocznicowe 1798–1998, Warszawa 1998.„Pan Tadeusz” i jego dziedzictwo. Recepcja, red. B. Dopart, Kraków, 2006.„Pan Tadeusz”. Poemat – Postacie – Recepcja, red. naukowa A. Fabianowski, E. Hoffmann-Piotrowska, Warszawa 2016.Piwińska M., Problemy polskiego romantyzmu, red. M. Żmigrodzka, Z. Lewinówna, Wrocław 1971.Poulet G., Metamorfozy czasu. Szkice krytyczne, wybór J. Błoński, M. Głowiński, Warszawa 1977.Tuan Yi-Fu, Przestrzeń i miejsce, przeł. A. Morawińska, Warszawa 1987.Waśko A., Powrót do centrum polszczyzny. O przestrzeni symbolicznej w „Panu Tadeuszu”, „Pamiętnik Literacki” 1987, z. 1.Wyka K., „Pan Tadeusz”. Studia o poemacie, Warszawa 1963.4420722
- …
