464 research outputs found
Zooplankton fauna (Rotifera, Cladocera, Copepoda) of Tunca River (Edirne) and their seasonal distribution
No full textBu araştırma Meriç Nehri’nin bir kolu olan ve sınır aşan önemli akarsularımızdan Tunca Nehri’nin zooplanktonik organizmalarını ve mevsimsel dağılımını belirlemek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Araştırmada Tunca Nehri’nde belirlenen 4 istasyonda Haziran 2014- Mayıs 2015 tarihleri arasında periyodik olarak zooplankton örnekleri ve fizikokimyasal özellikleri için su örneklemeleri yapılmıştır. Nehirden alınan plankton örneklerinin kalitatif değerlendirilmesinde Rotifera' da 20 tür, Copepoda’da 8 tür ve Cladocera’da 13 tür olmak üzere Tunca Nehri’nde toplam 41 tür tespit edilmiştir. Araştırmada tespit edilen türlerin tümü çalışma alanının da yer aldığı Trakya bölgesinde ve Türkiye’de dağılım gösteren türlerdir. En fazla tür sayısına sahip grup Rotifera bunu Cladocera ve Copepoda grupları izlemiştir. Zooplankton örneklerinin kantitatif olarak değerlendirilmesi sonucunda ise Tunca Nehri’nde ortalama 1445 birey/m3 zooplanktonik organizma bulunmuştur. Bu organizmalardan 85 birey/m3 Cladocera’ya, 118 birey/m3 Copepoda’ya ve 1243 birey/m3 Rotifera’ya aittir. Zooplankton gruplarının istasyonlara göre dağılımında en fazla organizma 2. istasyonda (1738 birey/m3) bulunurken bunu sırayla 3. istasyon (1496 birey/m3), 1. istasyon (1334 birey/m3) ve 4. istasyon (1213 birey/m3) izlemektedir. Zooplanktonik organizma gruplarını mevsimsel olarak değerlendirdiğimizde, en fazla organizma grubu sonbaharda (2335 birey/m3) bulunurken bunu sırayla kış (1658 birey/m3) ilkbahar (1580 birey/m3) ve yaz (207 birey/m3) mevsimleri izlemiştir. Tunca Nehri’nin fizikokimyasal özellikleri ise Yüzeysel Su Kalitesi Yönetimi Yönetmeliği’ne göre I. ila II. sınıf su kalitesi arasında değişmektedir. Sadece fosfat değerleri III. ila IV. sınıf su kalitesi arasında bulunmuştur.abstractThis research has been carried out to determine the zooplanktonic organisms of Tunca River which is one of the important transboundary streams in Turkey and their seasonal distribution. For this aim, zooplankton and water samples were taken periodacially in a total of 4 stations identified in the river between the dates of June, 2014 – May, 2015. A total of 41 species were determined in the qualitative evaluation of plankton samples taken from the lake, a total of 20 species belonging Rotifera, a total of 8 species belonging Copepoda and a total of 13 species belonging Cladocera. All of the species identified in the study area range in Thrace and Turkey. While Rotifera was found to be have the most species diversity, it is followed by Cladocera and Copepoda groups. As a result of the quantitative evaluation of zooplankton samples, average 1445 individuals/m³ zooplankton were found in Tunca River. It was identified that these organisms belonging Cladocera with 85 individuals/m³ (14 %), 118 individuals/m³ belonging Copepoda (27 %) and 1243 individuals/m³ belonging Rotifera (59 %). While the maximum individual numbers were found at the station 2nd with 1738 individuals/m3. It was followed by the station 3rd with 1497 individuals/m³, the station 1st with 1334 individuals/m3, and the station 4th with 1213 individuals/m3. While the maximum number of organisms was found at autumn season, they were found the least number in summer. According to the water quality associations regulations, the physico-chemical features of Tunca River was found at first and second quality levels. Only the phosphate values was found at third and fourth quality levels
A new sea-nettle from the Eastern Mediterranean Sea: Chrysaora pseudoocellata sp. nov. (Scyphozoa: Pelagiidae)
No full textMutlu, Erhan, Çağatay, I. Tulay, Olguner, M. Tunca, Yilmaz, Hasan Emre (2020): A new sea-nettle from the Eastern Mediterranean Sea: Chrysaora pseudoocellata sp. nov. (Scyphozoa: Pelagiidae). Zootaxa 4790 (2): 229-244, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4790.2.
Introduction: Gateways and walls or the powers and pitfalls of postcolonial metaphors
No full textThis collection of essays focuses on the evocative figures of the ‘gateway’ and the ‘wall’ to reflect on the state of postcolonial studies. Some chapters foreground the modes of articulation between literal borders and emotional (dis)connections, while others examine how artefacts ranging from personal letters to clothes may be conceptualized as metaphorical ‘gateways’ and ‘walls’ that lead or, conversely, regulate access, to specific forms of cultural expression and knowledge. Following this line of metaphorical thought, the very discipline of postcolonial studies may be regarded as a field whose borders must be constantly redrawn, and whose paradigms need to be continually reshaped and rebuilt to remain relevant in the contemporary world – in other words, the discipline itself is one that is permanently ‘under construction’
Determination of Some Metal Levels in Multivitamin Tablets by ICP-OES after Different Digestion Methods
No full textThe aim of this study is to determine the quantities of Fe, Cu, Mn and Zn, the common trace metals contained in Supradyn and Pharmaton multivitamin tablets used widely by the consumers and compare them with the reference values given in their prospectus. For this purpose, three different methods namely dry, wet and microwave digestion methods were used. After digestion process, the concentrations of the micro metals contained in both trade preparations were determined using ICP-OES. Recovery values obtained as a result of the analysis were within 85-115% ranges. It was observed that there is no significant difference between the data obtained from the chemical analysis applied for both preparations and the reference values. Furthermore, SPSS statistical analysis software was used to determine if there is a significant statistical difference among the measurements made using three different digestion methods. Statistical results showed that there is not a significant difference among the digestion methods applied
Benthic macrofauna in Tunca River (Turkey) and their relationships with environmental variables
No full textThe numerical and proportional distributions of benthic macroinvertebrates in Tunca (Tundja, Tundzha) River (Edirne/Turkey) were determined from July 2002 to June 2003 at monthly intervals at four different stations. It was found that the benthic macrofauna consisted of 63% Oligochaeta, 24% Chironomidae larvae, and 13% Varia by numbers. According to the Shannon-Wiener index, Tunca River had a diversity of 1.36; station 2 and September were found to have the highest diversity while station 4 and December to have the poorest. According to Bray-Curtis similarity index, stations 2 and 3 and April and May were found to be the most similar to each other while stations 1 and 4 and August and January were found to be the most different from each other for the dynamics of the benthic macrofauna. Also some physicochemical parameters of the water (water temperature, electrical conductivity, pH, dissolved oxygen, chloride, total hardness, NO3--N, NO2--N, sulfate, phosphate, biochemical and chemical oxygen demands) were analyzed. Pearson correlation index supported the relationships between the dynamics of organisms and physicochemical variables. The relation between the number of macroinvertebrates and pH (r = +0.57, P < 0.05) was direct proportional while the relation between the number of macroinvertebrates and NO3--N (r = -0.99, P < 0.05) was inverse proportional. Furthermore, the Chironomidae larvae of Bryophaenocladius muscicola and Mesosmittia flexuella were new records for Turkish Thrace region. High pH and supersaturated oxygen levels, hard water quality, second quality levels of NO3--N, BOD, COD and fourth quality levels of NO2--N as well as the density of 490 individuals m(-2) for 124 taxa and the diversity of 1.36 showed that similar studies should be repeated periodically in Tunca to determine the future of the river
Olive leave extracts and components as an innovative approach for cancer therapy
No full textOlea europaea (Olive tree) bears the olive fruit, which belongs to the Oleaceae family, grows mainly in the Mediterranean region, and is widely consumed and studied. Recent studies have shown that extracts (OLE) from olive leaves have potent antioxidant and anti-cancer properties. The bioactive components in OLE enable the development of innovative approaches to cancer treatment. These components can have a suppressive effect on various cellular signaling pathways associated with the cancer process and increase the effectiveness and safety of chemotherapy agents targeting multiple signaling pathways in cancer treatment. However, phenolic compounds combined with chemotherapy drugs attract attention in creating new, more effective therapeutic approaches to be used in the treatment of aggressive cancers. Bioactive components have low solubility in water due to their lipophilic structure, and their therapeutic effectiveness is limited by rapid and widespread metabolism, poor systemic absorption, and bioavailability. For this reason, although bioactive components have demonstrated significant anti-cancer and treatment resistance effectiveness in pre-clinical studies, these components cannot demonstrate the expected effect in in-vivo applications due to the mentioned pharmaceutical incompatibilities. Recent studies show that it is possible to maximize therapeutic effects by encapsulating bioactive components within living systems through nanodrug delivery systems. Nanocarriers, with controlled and long-term release, enable biological substances to penetrate further into the target organs and reach the desired daily concentration, significantly increasing the molecules' effectiveness. In particular, local drug delivery creates an alternative treatment option and ensures the continuous release of the active compound at the desired site of action. To date, nanoparticles (NP) and nanofibers as nanocarrier systems have been used to develop cancer treatment strategies. NPs are considered a highly effective approach for intravenous delivery of flavonoids with good encapsulation potential of drugs or bioactive compounds and reduced toxicity. However, these carrier systems have some disadvantages, such as rapid burst release, drug leakage, limitations related to stability and shelf life, inability to provide continuous or controlled drug release, and multiple drug releases. Nanofibers produced by electrospinning are nanoscale biomaterials with a large specific surface area, high porosity, minimal barrier to mass transfer, controllable morphology, and good mechanical resistance. Nanofibers can be produced in various configurations, including monolayer, multilayer, core-shell, ribbon, network, and porous well. The problem of rapid dissolution of active compounds from nanofibers by burst release is overcome by core-shell electrospinning. Due to their biocompatibility and biodegradability, nanocarrier systems have become the focus of particular attention by researchers in drug delivery, tissue engineering, and cancer. Nanocarrier systems increase the drug's performance by drug accumulation on the tumor site, adjustability of the required dosage, and reduction of the side effects of the drug on nontarget tissues. As a result, this section examines the potential of bioactive compounds found in OLE, which are loaded into nanocarrier systems today, to create new, more effective treatment strategies with fewer side effects in cancer cells. This approach can potentially set new standards in cancer treatment and provide more effective and safe treatment options for cancer patients
Success of Selection in Terms of Hygienic Behavior in Struggle Against DWV and Varroa
No full textMany studies have reported sudden and large-scale losses in honey bee colonies. There is no precise explanation for this happening, but it may be caused by the interaction of pathogenic viruses and ectoparasite Varroa destructor. Deformed-wing virus (DWV) is common in Apis mellifera L. and has been implicated in worldwide Varroa-associated colony losses. Hygienic behavior may be one of the ways that limit V. destructor infestation level and DWV load. The purpose of this research was to determine whether the selection of higher hygienic behavior is effective against V. destructor and DWV. Workers and pupae of A. m. anatoliaca were collected from colonies showing four generations of hygienic behaviodr, and non-hygienics were used as a control. Loads of DWV were investigated by one-step RT-qPCR, and the bottom-board method was used to allow mites count. The prevalence of DWV in pupae were higher in hygienic colonies (69.0%, average viral load 234.38) than control colonies (60.8% average viral load 937.70). However, the prevalence of worker bees infected with DWV was lower in hygienic colonies (41.3%, average viral load 181627.69) than in control's (66.0%, average viral load 241982.35). Although the averages of the Varroa counts were significantly different for both hygienic (28.92) and control colonies (108.90), we could not find any correlation between DWV loads of both workers and pupae in this study. When all these results are evaluated, the selection performed in terms of hygienic behavior can said to have been said successful against DWV
Antalya körfezi'nde yaşayan köpek balıklarının (Galeus melastomus, Squalus blainvillei, Etmopterus spinax ve Centrophorus) popülasyon dinamiği
No full textYapılan bu doktora tezinde Antalya Körfezinde dağılım gösteren dört köpek balığı türünün; üreme, yaş – gelişim, alansal ve zamansal dağılımları incelenmiştir. Bu çalışma söz konusu türlerin balıkçılık, yaşam öyküsü, dağılım özellikleri, üreme biyolojileri ve popülasyon dinamiklerinin bilinmesine odaklanmıştır. Veriler, 2016 ve 2019 tarihlerinde aylık olarak yapılan derin su trol çekimleriyle toplanmıştır. Çalışma sonuçları, türlerin tüm Antalya Körfezine, 300 m ile 1000 m derinlikleri aralığında dağıldıklarını göstermektedir. G. melastomus türünden 1821 birey, S. blainvillie türünden 236 birey E. spinax türünden 995 birey ve C. granulosus türünden 74 birey örneklenmiştir. Dört türde de uzunluk frekans dağılımları arasında fark bulunmamıştır. Sadece E. spinax türünde ortalama uzunluklar arasında cinsiyetlere göre bir fark bulunmuştur. G. melastomus ve E. spinax türlerinde olgun bireylerin özellikle 500 m stratumundan daha derinlerde bulunduğu, S. blainvillei türünün ise 600 m stratumundan daha derinlerde bulunmadığı görülmüştür. Derinlik arttıkça türlerin toplam uzunluklarının (TU) arttığı tespit edilmiştir. Diğer türlerin aksine, G. melastomus türünün yıl boyunca olgun bireylerinin olduğu tespit edildi. Ayrıca uzun üreme periyodu, yavaş büyümeyle beraber erkek bireylerin dişilere göre erken olgunlaşması gibi stratejiler sergilendiği görülmüştür. S. blainvillei türünün dorsal ışınından yapılan yaş incelemesinde uzun bir yaşam döngüsüne sahip olduğu (~26 yaş) ve dişi bireylerinin daha büyük toplam uzunluklara (~73 cm) erişebildiği ve geç olgunluk döngüsü ile avcılık faaliyetlerine karşı da çok hassas olduğu tespit edildi. Bu türler içerisinde sadece G. melastomus türünün dişi ve erkek bireylerinin negatif allometrik gelişim gösterdiği belirlendi. En az örneklenen C. granulosus türünün körfezin Batı – Doğu alanlarına ve 400 – 900 m stratumlarına dağıldığı belirlendi. En küçük olgun birey (~ 75 cm) olarak belirlenmiş olup, geç olgunluk, yavaş büyüme (K ~ 0.1) kaynaklı yeterli olgun birey örneklenemedi. Mide içeriği incelemelerinde C. granulosus'un en yüksek oranda kemikli balıklar (%36.2 IRI) ile beslendiği, diğer üç türün ise kafadanbacaklılarla (cephalapoda) beslendiği belirlenmiştir. Bölgede uygulanan balıkçılık düzenlemeleri içerisinde özellikle avcılık sezonu sınırlaması ve yasal av sahası (kıyıdan 3 mil açık) derin su köpek balığı türlerinin lehine bir durum gibi görülmekte fakat uzun ömre ve düşük üreme yeteneklerine sahip oldukları ve yasal av sahası kuralı uygulansa dahi av aracı – tür etkileşimi kesintisiz gerçekleştiği için etkili olamamaktadır
Yağ Transferi; Parotidektomi Sonrası Estetik ve Fonksiyonel Sonuçlar
No full textTunca, M. Fat transfer; aesthetic and functional outcomes after parotidectomy. Hacettepe University School of Medicine, Department of Otolaryngology, Thesis, Ankara, 2019. The aim of the study is the statistical survey of influence and differences in facial defect reconstruction as well as Frey syndrome prevention between patients who undergone reconstruction with fat graft via en bloc, lipofilling techniques and control group in whom reconstruction was not carried out. 77 patients aged between 18-65 who were diagnosed with benign tumors by the aid of FNAC/MRG were included and divided into three groups: 30 patients who underwent parotidectomy surgery only called Group 1; 26 patients who underwent en bloc fat transfer after parotidectomy called Group 2; 21 patients who underwent fat transfer with lipofilling after parotidectomy called Group 3. Postoperative Frey Symptoms have interrogated, Minor Test has done, aesthetical VAS score and complications has documented in all patients. Volume of the extracted tumour and transferred fat graft as well as volumetric evaluation and resorption rates of aforementioned grafts were evaluated by the aid of MRI which was carried on at first week and first year of postoperative follow-up, Wong-Baker pain scoring was carried out at postoperative 24. hour in patients of Group 2 and 3. There was no statistical significance in resected mean of tumor volume (18±10,8 cm3) between three groups (p:0,754). However the volume of transfered fat revealed significant difference between Group 2 and 3 (23±7,59 cm3; 15±7,34 cm3) respectively. There was statistical significance that intraoperative transfered fat graft volume mean of Group 2 (23±7,59 cm3 ) was higher than Group 3 volume mean (15±7,34 cm3) (p:0,010). According to this data; %13,7 overcorrection with fat graft has done in patients of Group 2 and %24,5 less fat graft has transfered in comparison with resected tumor volume in patients of Group 3. Mean fat graft resorption rates in groups 2 and 3 were calculated to be %50,75±21.20 and %48.59±17.93 respectively and no significant difference was detected (p:0.771). Loss of time while harvesting the fat graft was also higher than in patients of Group 2 in comparison with patients of Group 3 (p:0,046). There was statistical significance that mean blood loss from donor site in patients of Group 2 was higher than in patients of Group 3 (p0.05). There wasn’t any Frey Syndrome symptom and Minor Test positivity in patients of Group 2 and 3; in contrast to the patients of Group 1 (p: 0,019).Tunca, M. Yağ Transferi; Parotidektomi sonrası estetik ve fonksiyonel sonuçlar. Hacettepe Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi KBB Anabilim Dalı, Uzmanlık Tezi, Ankara 2019. Çalışmamızda parotidektomi sonrası rekonstrüksiyonda kullanılan en blok ve lipoenjeksiyon yöntemleriyle yağ grefti uygulamalarının; parotidektomi sonrası rekonstrüksiyon yapılmayan hastalara göre Frey Sendromu’nu önleme ve yüzdeki kozmetik deformiteleri düzeltmedeki etkisinin istatistiksel olarak incelenmesi hedeflendi. Parotiste preoperatif İİAB/MRG bulguları ile benign kitlesi olan, 18-65 yaş aralığında 77 hasta çalışmaya dahil edildi ve 3 gruba ayrıldı. Grup 1’e yalnız parotidektomi yapılan 30 hasta, Grup 2’ye parotidektomi sonrası en blok yağ grefti uygulanan 26 hasta, Grup 3’e ise lipoenjeksiyon yöntemiyle yağ grefti uygulanan 21 hasta alındı. Tüm gruplarda hastalara; postoperatif 1. yılda Frey Semptomları sorgulaması, Minor Testi, Vizüel Analog Skala ile estetik durumunun skorlaması yapılarak, postoperatif komplikasyonların tamamı kaydedildi. Grup 2 ve 3’teki hastalara ise çıkarılan tümör hacmi, konulan yağ grefti hacmi, postoperatif 1. hafta ve 1. yılda MRG ile yağ greftinin hacim ölçümü yapılarak rezorpsiyon oran hesaplaması, postoperatif 24. saatte donör sahada Wong-Baker ağrı skorlaması yapıldı. Tüm gruplarda intraoperatif tümör hacim ortalaması 18±10,8 cm3 hesaplandı; 3 grup arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı farklılık saptanmadı (p:0,754). Grup 2’deki hastalarda ortalama intraoperatif yağ grefti hacmi 23±7,59 cm3, Grup 3’teki hastalarda 15±7,34 cm3 bulundu; Grup 2’deki ortalama intraoperatif yağ grefti hacmi, Grup 3’e göre istatistiksel olarak anlamlı ölçüde yüksek saptandı (p:0,010). Bu verilere göre intraoperatif tümör hacmine oranla Grup 2’de %13,7 fazla yağ grefti konulduğu, Grup 3’te ise %24,5 daha az hacimde yağ grefti ile düzeltme yapıldığı hesaplandı. Grup 2 ve 3’teki hastaların ortalama yağ grefti rezorpsiyon oranları sırasıyla %50,75±21,20 ve %48,59±17,93 olarak hesaplandı ve yüzdeler arasında anlamlı farklılık saptanmadı (p:0,711). Grup 2’deki hastalarda yağ grefti alımında harcanan süre, Grup 3’teki hastalara göre istatistiksel olarak anlamlı ölçüde daha uzun bulundu (p:0,046). Grup 2’deki donör sahadaki kanama miktarının Grup 3’e göre istatistiksel olarak anlamlı ölçüde yüksek olduğu saptandı (p0,05). Grup 2 ve 3’teki hastalarda Frey Sendromu’na yönelik semptomların ve Minor Testi pozitifliğinin olmadığı, Grup 1‘de Frey Sendromu semptomlarının ve Minor Testi pozitifliğinin Grup 2 ve 3’e göre anlamlı derecede fazla görüldüğü tespit edildi (p: 0,019)
Synthetically Lethal BMN 673 (Talazoparib) Loaded Solid Lipid Nanoparticles for BRCA1 Mutant Triple Negative Breast Cancer
No full textPurposeThe purpose of the study was to produce BMN 673 loaded solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) to improve its therapeutic index, to minimize toxicity and to overcome homologous recombination (HR)-mediated resistance.MethodsFirstly, BMN 673-SLNs were characterized using Nano Zeta Sizer. After treatment with different concentrations of BMN 673 and BMN 673-SLNs, cell viability of HCC1937((BRCA1-/-)), HCC1937-R (BMN 673-resistant) TNBC and MCF-10A normal human mammary breast epithelial cell line was analyzed by WST-1 assay. In an attempt to assess the therapeutic synthetic lethality efficacy of SLNs formulation, cell cycle arrest, DNA damage, mRNA expression levels of PARP1, H2AFX, RAD51 and BRCA1 gene were investigated. Then, PARP, ?H2AX, RAD51 and BRCA1 protein expression and nuclear localization were analyzed by western blot and immunofluorescence analysis.ResultsWhen compared with BMN 673, BMN 673-SLNs showed remarkably a decrease in HCC1937 and HCC1937-R cells with less damage to MCF-10A cells. BMN 673-SLNs significantly induced toxicity through double-stranded DNA breaks, G2/M cell cycle arrest and PARP cleavage in TNBC cells. Additionally, BMN 673-resistance was mediated by miR-107, miR-193b and miR-1255b targeting BRCA1 and RAD51 in HCC1937 and HCC1937-R cells. However, BMN 673-SLNs treatment could overcome HR-mediated resistance in TNBC cells.ConclusionsAs a result, our findings suggest that SLNs formulation strongly provides a synthetic lethal therapeutic potential in BRCA1 mutated sensitive and resistant TNBC cells
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