618 research outputs found
Effective user preference mining-based personalised movie recommendation system
No full textOne of the primary issues of many websites is the suggestion of multiple choices to the users at the same time, which makes the task more complex and time consuming to find the right product. Web mining and recommendation system based on user behaviour helps users by providing essential information without asking explicitly. Several movie recommendation systems are available to suggest movies, but often they do not do that effectively. To achieve enhanced effectiveness and efficiency, user's movie ratings were retrieved, cleaned, formatted and grouped into proper, meaningful session and data profile was developed. In this paper, we have developed a new ontology for clear and better understanding of the movie domain. The user data consisting of movie ratings is used to recommend movies for the users. For the classification of users, we use adaptive K-nearest neighbour (AKNN) approach and post classification process; movies are recommended to the active target user. The obtained results of the proposed recommendation approach are compared with existing baseline methods, and the results prove that the presented approach to be proficient
Evaluating stucturally different pectic oligosaccharides in inhibiting adhesion of e. coli 0157:H7 to human gut epithelial cells in vitro
No full textBacterial adhesion to glycosylated cellular surfaces is a major concern in human health and disease. Inhibition of bacterial adhesion by suitable carbohydrates may lead to an anti-adhesion therapy as a novel prophylactic approach against bacterial infections and a potential alternative to the use of antibiotics. Selections of six pectic oligosaccharides derived from citrus peel albedo, which were different in terms of their monosaccharide composition and physical properties, were evaluated for their ability to interfere with the adhesion of Escherichia coli O157:H7 to HT29 cells in vitro. Attachment was determined in the human HT29 cell line by viable count of adherent bacteria. Most of the pectic oligosaccharides in buffer at pH 7.2 were anti-adhesive at a dose of 0.001 - 0.05 mg/ml, reducing adhesion of E.coli by 50 - 90% and concentrations of 0.5 - 5 mg/ml resulted in less than 50% reduction of adhesion to no effect. Based on the results, lower concentrations were more effective in reducing adhesion when compared to the higher concentrations. The pectic oligosaccharides with a homogalacturonan structure, low molecular weight and lower degree of esterification were the most effective in reducing the adhesion when compared to the oligosaccharides with an arabinose rich rhamnogalacturonan structure with higher molecular weight and higher degree of esterification. These results show that the pectic oligosaccharides with different monosaccharide composition and physical properties can display a wide range of anti-adhesive activity.M.S.Includes bibliographical referencesby Malathi Srilakshmi Vakkalank
Advances in proteomic technologies and their scope of application in understanding plant–pathogen interactions
No full textProteomics, one of the major tools of ‘omics’ is evolving phenomenally since the development and application
of two-dimensional gel electrophoresis coupled with mass spectrometry at the end of twentieth century. However,
the adoption and application of advanced proteomic technologies in understanding plant–pathogen interactions
are far less, when compared to their application in other related fields of systems biology. Hence, this review is
diligently focused on the advances in various proteomic approaches and their gamut of applications in different facets of phyto-pathoproteomics. Especially, the scope and application of proteomics in understanding fundamental concepts of plant–pathogen interactions such as identification of pathogenicity determinants (effector proteins), disease resistance proteins (resistance and pathogenesisrelated proteins) and their regulation by post-translational modifications have been portrayed. This review, for the first time, presents a critical appraisal of various proteomic applications by assessing all phyto-pathoproteomics-related research publications that were published in peer reviewed journals, during the period 2000–2016. This assessment has revealed the present status and contribution of proteomic applications in different categories of p phytopathoproteomics, namely, cellular components, host–pathogen interactions, model and non-model plants, and utilization of different proteomic approaches. Comprehensively, the analysis highlights the burgeoning application of global proteome approaches in various crop diseases, and demand for acceleration in deploying advanced proteomic technologies to thoroughly comprehend the intricacies of complex and rapidly evolving plant–pathogen interactions
Comparative secretome analysis of Colletotrichum falcatum identifies a cerato-platanin protein (EPL1) as a potential pathogen-associated molecular pattern (PAMP) inducing systemic resistance in sugarcane
No full textColletotrichum falcatum, an intriguing hemibiotrophic fungal pathogen causes the devastating red rot disease
of sugarcane. Repeated in vitro subculturing of C. falcatum under dark condition alters morphology and reduces
virulence of the culture. Hitherto, no information is available on this phenomenon at molecular level.
In this study, the in vitro secretome of C. falcatum cultured under light and dark conditions was analyzed
using 2-DE coupled with MALDI TOF/TOF MS. Comparative analysis identified nine differentially abundant
proteins. Among them, seven proteins were less abundant in the dark-cultured C. falcatum, wherein only
two protein species of a cerato-platanin protein called EPL1 (eliciting plant response-like protein) were found
to be highly abundant. Transcriptional expression of candidate high abundant proteins were profiled during
host-pathogen interaction using qRT-PCR. Comprehensively, this comparative secretome analysis identified
five putative effectors, two pathogenicity-related proteins and one pathogen-associated molecular pattern
(PAMP) of C. falcatum. Functional characterization of three distinct domains of the PAMP (EPL1) showed
that the major cerato-platanin domain (EPL1 Δ N1–92) is exclusively essential for inducing defense and hypersensitive
response (HR) in sugarcane and tobacco, respectively. Further, priming with EPL1 Δ N1–92 protein
induced systemic resistance and significantly suppressed the red rot disease severity in sugarcane.
Biological significance
Being the first secretomic investigation of C. falcatum, this study has identified five potential effectors,
two pathogenicity-related proteins and a PAMP. Although many reports have highlighted the influence of
light on pathogenicity, this study has established a direct link between light and expression of effectors, for
the first time. This study has presented the influence of a novel N-terminal domain of EPL1 in physical and
biological properties and established the functional role of major cerato-platanin domain of EPL1 as a potential
elicitor inducing systemic resistance in sugarcane. Comprehensively, the study has identified proteins that
putatively contribute to virulence of C. falcatum and for the first time, demonstrated the potential role of EPL1
in inducing PAMP-triggered immunity (PTI) in sugarcane
Marphysa macintoshi Crossland 1903
No full textMarphysa macintoshi Crossland, 1903 Marphysa macintoshi Crossland, 1903: 137, Plate XIV, figs 3–6.— Fauvel, 1919: 380.— 1930: 28.— 1953: 244, 246. Material examined. None. Remarks. Glasby & Hutchings (2010, see Table 2) provided a list of the diagnostic characters for this based on syntypes (BMNH 1924.3.1.22-23) and type description. Branchiae present starting from chaetigers 30 to 52, to posterior (syntype lacking last few segments), pectinate chaetae present from anterior segments, all asymmetrical, and compound spinigers present after chaetiger 110, and subacicular hooks simple, not bidentate. Fauvel (1932: 141) while including M. macintoshi in his key to species of Marphysa, noted that it was recorded from Krusadai Island, Gulf of Manaar, but was not represented in the collections (presumably he is referring to those of the Indian Museum). He repeated this record in his 1953 publication, where he stated that the chaetae and branchiae are as in M. sanguinea (Montagu, 1813). We suggest that with no voucher material, the record from Krusadai Island cannot be substantiated, and probably represents another undescribed species. Type locality. Zanzibar, collected in sand intertidally from both the east and west coast of Zanzibar.Published as part of Hutchings, Pat, Lavesque, Nicolas, Priscilla, Lyndsay, Daffe, Guillemine, Malathi, E. & Glasby, Christopher J., 2020, A new species of Marphysa (Annelida: Eunicida: Eunicidae) from India, with notes on previously described or reported species from the region, pp. 285-308 in Zootaxa 4852 (3) on page 296, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4852.3.2, http://zenodo.org/record/440986
Marphysa sanguinea
No full textMarphysa sanguinea (Montagu, 1813) Marphysa sanguinea Fauvel, 1919: 381.— 1923: 408, fig. 161.—1932: 141–142.—1953: 245–246. Non Montagu, 1813. Material examined. None. Remarks. Hutchings and Karageorgopoulos (2003) redescribed this species described from SW England and designated a neotype; subsequently Lavesque et al. (2017, 2019) also recorded it from NW France and also have sequenced this species from the type locality. Records of M. sanguinea by Fauvel from areas outside of France including Fauvel (1932, 1953) from India cannot be confirmed as material was unavailable for examination, and it appears that Fauvel did not always deposit vouchers (Lavesque pers. comm.). It appears that M. sanguinea has a restricted distribution to Northern Europe but has been widely reported from around the world and records need to be checked to confirm their true identity.Published as part of Hutchings, Pat, Lavesque, Nicolas, Priscilla, Lyndsay, Daffe, Guillemine, Malathi, E. & Glasby, Christopher J., 2020, A new species of Marphysa (Annelida: Eunicida: Eunicidae) from India, with notes on previously described or reported species from the region, pp. 285-308 in Zootaxa 4852 (3) on page 297, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4852.3.2, http://zenodo.org/record/440986
Assessing mathematical thinking and its correlation with programming among part two (semester January- April 2007) computer science students of UiTM Kelantan / Wan Norliza Wan Bakar and Malathi Letchumanan
No full textIn 2020, Malaysia's v1s10n is to be a developed country based on Information Communication Technology (ICT). Malaysia can achieve this vision if the nation is able to produce quality and competent graduates who are capable of inventing advanced technologies like computer systems and robotics. According to researchers like Mason (1982), Henderson (2000) and Beaubouef (2002), the knowledge and competency in mathematical thinking is very important to venture into ICT world particularly in producing quality programmers. They argued that mathematics is fundamental m beginning, intermediate and advanced programming courses. In Malaysia, many employers complain that our higher learning institutions which running courses in computer science and information technology have failed to produce quality programmers. One of the main reasons highlighted by researchers that contribute to this problem is that the candidates failed to be aware of the role of mathematical thinking in programming. Therefore, this study attempts to identify the respondents' knowledge on mathematical thinking and its concepts and is there any relationship between mathematics and programming. This research adopts the quantitative approach with a population of about 40 part two computer science students selected as the respondents. The data were collected through a self administered questionnaire and were analyzed using SPSS. The result of this research shows that there are students who do not know much about mathematical thinking and its aspects. Meanwhile, majority of the respondents agreed that mathematical thinking plays a very important role in programming. Furthermore, it also shows that there is a weak relationship between mathematics and programming. Therefore, it is suggested that further research should be conducted to identify the other contributing factors of this problem
A Cross-Layer Multicast-Push Unicast-Pull (MPUP) Architecture for Reliable File-Stream Distribution
No full textThe growing deployment of OpenFlow/SDN networks makes it increasingly possible to leverage network multi-cast services. This work proposes a novel cross-layer Multicast- Push Unicast Pull (MPUP) architecture that includes functionality in the application, transport and link layers to offer users a reliable file-stream distribution service to multiple subscribers. A prototype implementation of the MPUP architecture was realized in a new version of Local Data Manager (LDM), LDM7, a software program that has been in use since 1994 for real-time meteorology data distribution. LDM6, the currently deployed version, uses application-layer multicast. Experiment were run on the GENI infrastructure to compare LDM7 and LDM6. The two main findings are (i) LDM7 can be run at a higher sending rate than LDM6 allowing for improved performance (lower file-delivery latency), and (ii) to achieve the same performance, LDM7 uses significantly lower bandwidth and compute capacity. A three-fold improvement in performance improvement was possible with LDM7, and a bandwidth reduction from 350 Mbps to 21.4 Mbps was observed with 24 receivers.Peer reviewe
Computational model based approach to analysis ventricular arrhythmias: Effects of dysfunction calcium channels
No full text- …
