640 research outputs found
From protectionism to market liberalisation: Patterns of internationalisation in the main Swiss export sectors
No full textIntroduction of: Pathbreakers: small European countries responding to globalisation and deglobalisation
No full textPressure Drives Rapid Burst‐Like Coordinated Cellular Motion from 3D Cancer Aggregates (Adv. Sci. 6/2022)
No full textCoordinated Cell Motion In article number 2104808 by Swetha Raghuraman, Timo Betz, and co-workers, a novel migration phenomenon is presented wherein cancer cells burst out from tumor aggregates as an act of pressure release into the surrounding in-homogeneous soft extra-cellular matrix (ECM) made up of collagen. The pressure within tumor aggregates manifests due to cellular swelling, leading to a super-diffusive coordinated expulsion of cells within 12 hours, directed towards regions providing least mechanical resistanc
Tagging of Biomedical Articles on CiteULike: A Comparison of User, Author and Professional Indexing
No full textThis paper examines the context of online indexing from the viewpoint of three different groups: users, authors, and professional indexers. User tags, author keywords and descriptors were collected from academic journal articles, which were both indexed in Pubmed and tagged on CiteULike, and analysed. Descriptive statistics, informetric measures, and thesaural term comparison shows that there are important differences in the use of keywords between the three groups in addition to similarities which can be used to enhance support for search and browse. While tags and author keywords were found that matched descriptors exactly, other terms which did not match but provided important expansion to the indexing lexicon were found. These additional terms could be used to enhance support for searching and browsing in article databases as well as to provide invaluable data for entry vocabulary and emergent terminology for regular updates to indexing systems. Additionally, the study suggests that tags support organisation by association to task, projects and subject while making important connections to traditional systems which classify into subject categories
Pathbreakers: small European countries responding to globalisation and deglobalisation
No full textThis book concentrates on how small European countries coped with economic integration and disintegration during the twentieth century. Small countries had to adapt flexibly to the drastically changing conditions outside their borders. They had to find ways of maintaining their political autonomy notwithstanding their economic dependence, and they have been quite successful in accomplishing this difficult balancing act. The authors analyse how small countries responded to the challenges of the international system and describe the different policies and strategies pursued by governments, industries and firms. Originating from the XIII. Congress of the International Economic History Association (IEHA), the contributions to this volume offer new perspectives on a widely debated topic and contribute to a better understanding of the current process of globalisation in small and large countries. The volume is divided into three sections: I. Coping with Different Regimes for International Trade and Changing Competitiveness; II. From an Open World Economy to Economic Disintegration and Protectionism; III. Trade Liberalisation, European Integration and Deregulation
Stabilität und Penetrationsfähigkeit von pflanzlichen Stoffen in topischen Formulierungen
No full textZiel war die Sicherstellung der Stabilität und der Verträglichkeit von Wirkstoffen aus Extrakten pflanzlichen Ursprungs in dermalen Formulierungen. Beispielhaft wurden Extrakte von Camellia sinensis (Grüner Tee) und Terminalia sericea (Gelbholz) bearbeitet. Als Leitsubstanzen wurden bei Camellia sinensis diverse Catechine, bei Terminalia sericea das Sericosid ausgewählt. Die Lagerstabilitäten der Leitsubstanzen wurden in verschiedenen topischen Formulierungen über die Dauer von 6 Monaten ermittelt. Die Stabilität der Catechine konnte nach Zugabe von Vitamin C sowie Herstellung und Abfüllung unter Luftausschluß signifikant verbessert werden. Sericosid zeigte keine Lagerinstabilität. Aufgrund der schlechten Löslichkeit des Sericosids war jedoch eine Komplexierung mit gamma-Cyclodextrinen notwendig. Penetrationsstudien an extrakthaltigen Formulierungen beider Extrakte ergaben keine Hinweise auf eine systemische Wirkung, eine Anreicherung der Leitsubstanzen in den oberen Hautschichten konnte aber festgestellt werden
ITR Instability Challenge Solved: From Basic <i>E. coli</i> Genetics to Implications for rAAV Quantity and Quality
No full textRadukic M, Le DT, Krassuski T, Falk D, Müller K. ITR Instability Challenge Solved: From Basic <i>E. coli</i> Genetics to Implications for rAAV Quantity and Quality. Molecular Therapy . 2024;32(4, Suppl. 1):464
Abundance and biodiversity of soil microarthropods as influenced by different types of organic manure in a long-term field experiment in Central Spain
No full text8 pages, figures, and tables statistics.We studied the effects of long-term organic and mineral fertilization on soil microarthropods and soil chemical parameters in a
field experiment under semi-arid conditions in Central Spain. Two different regimes of organic manuring, i.e. farmyard manure
applied once in 3 years versus annual manuring with crop residues were compared. Soil carbon and nitrogen contents were
increased markedly by farmyard manure, whereas straw and green manure had no significant effect. In contrast, the abundance of
soil microarthropods was increased by annual application of straw and green manure, but not by farmyard manure last applied 2.5
years before sampling.We conclude that in the field experiment under study the abundance of soil microarthropods was influenced
by the immediate food supply rather than by soil chemical parameters, such as carbon and nitrogen content or the pH. Biodiversity
of soil microarthropods, as estimated by the Shannon index, was not affected significantly by straw and green manure. Obviously,
other management practices, especially tillage, are limiting the species composition of soil microarthropods and thereby
overshadow possible effects of fertilization on diversity.We are grateful to Dr. Elke Schulz (Centre for
Environmental Research, Leipzig-Halle) for doing the
soil chemical analysis and to the staff of ‘‘La Higueruela’’
experimental station for supporting us during our field
work. The first author was supported by the German
Academic Exchange Service (code D/01/02687).Peer reviewe
The Effect of SH2B1 Variants on Expression of Leptin- and Insulin-Induced Pathways in Murine Hypothalamus
No full textObjective: We aimed to determine the effect of human SH2B1 variants on leptin and insulin signaling, which are major regulators of energy homeostasis, on the RNA level. Methods: We analyzed the expression of infrequent alleles of seven SH2B1 variants (Arg67Cys, Lys150Arg, Thr175Ala, Thr343Met, Thr484Ala, Ser616Pro, and Pro689Leu) in response to insulin or leptin cell stimulation. Two of these were identified in own mutation screens, the others were predicted to be deleterious or to serve as controls. The variants were analyzed in a homologous system of mouse hypothalamic cells. Changes in expression of downstream genes were measured. Student's t-test for independent samples was applied, and effect sizes using Cohen's d with 95% confidence intervals were therefore calculated. Results: In 34 of 54 analyzed genes involved in leptin (JAK/STAT or AKT) signaling, variants nominally changed expression. The expression of three genes was considerably increased (p values ≤ 0.001: Gbp2b (67Cys; d = 25.11 (-3.53, -2.70)), Irf9 (689Leu; d = 44.65 (-2.57, -2.26)), and Isg15 (150Arg; d = 20.35 (-2.19, -1.57))). Of 32 analyzed genes in the insulin signaling pathway, the expression of 10 genes nominally changed (p ≤ 0.05), three resulted in p values ≤ 0.01 (Cap1 (150Arg; d = 7.48 (-0.62, -0.24)), Mapk1 (343Met; d = -6.80 (0.17, 0.45)), and Sorbs1 (689Leu; d = 7.82 (-1.60, -0.64))). Conclusion: The increased expression of genes in the leptin (JAK/STAT or AKT) signaling pathway implies that the main mode of action for human SH2B1 mutations might affect leptin signaling rather than insulin signaling
- …
