1,721,252 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Transport visions: a young professionals’ perspective
No full textUK transport policy and practice is in transition. Traditionally a nation of road builders, we are now entering a transport future in which managing demand for transport networks and finding viable alternatives to the car as a means of travel are being developed and promoted. Integration is at the heart of the new transport agenda and involves integration both within and between modes and between transport and other areas. In recognising the importance of integration it is necessary to acknowledge the associated complex series of interactions and relationships that dictate the eventual success or otherwise of new policies and practices. The information and technology revolution, improved standards of living, new household structures and freedom of choice are just some of the contributors to a rapidly changing society. To accommodate such change there is a need to ensure that the transport debate that has taken place in the UK in recent years continues. Imagination, innovation and vision must be harnessed to explore the numerous possibilities for the future of transport and to attempt to identify the most suitable way forward. Contributions to the transport debate and to transport vision documents come predominantly from the ranks of senior professionals. Yet the young professionals of today will be the decision makers responsible for the shaping of transport at the beginning of the next millenium. This paper outlines the contribution that young professionals can make to the transport debate. In particular it describes the outcome of an initiative of the World Road Association (PIARC) to solicit transport visions from young professionals across the world. It then introduces a new initiative being led by the Transportation Research Group (TRG) at the University of Southampton and funded by the Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC), namely the establishment of a Young Professionals’ Network which seeks to produce a series of thematic transport vision documents
Traveller information systems: what do end-users really want?
No full textUndoubtedly, traveller information is an important and exciting area for research. The rapid evolution of technology coupled with the public's growing acceptance and desire for information has ensured that research and system manufacture is continuing apace. Indeed, the UK Government's Transport White Paper (DETR, 1998) has necessitated the re-appraisal of traveller information by setting time frames and guidelines for the implementation of good quality services. However, a large proportion of the traveller information research literature is very much service-provider centred, in turn reflecting a similar philosophy in the supply and presentation of information. With the development of advanced traveller information systems (ATISs), there has certainly been a demonstration of the ability to provide a high tech basis for information provision. Although the means and style of delivery is advanced, the underlying core information is often similar to that found in a paper-based timetable.Whilst there is a 'technological push' towards ever more sophisticated information services, there is some evidence to suggest that while the 'market pull' might not be in a totally different direction, it is not altogether aligned with the services on offer. In short, there is a mismatch between the information available and the information required by the end-users that could stem from an ignorance of the end-user's requirements. Many contemporary services may be based on a set of fundamental, underlying assumptions about the traveller and the traveller's information needs. If it is accepted that current services are not fully meeting the needs of the travellers, the need to focus research on the end-user appears to be the best approach in attempting to optimise information provision. To this end, this paper aims to present the background philosophy and methodological issues currently being used to address the question, 'What do end-users really want from traveller information?'In approaching this question, it is hoped that a greater understanding of user needs will be achieved, potentially leading to the provision of information that is more effective in assisting trip-making decisions. Therefore, the rationale of the study addressed in this paper has been to challenge existing design and, in proposing alternatives, employ methods and techniques hitherto typically regarded as unconventional in the field of traveller information provision. The paper highlights limitations in the current provision of traveller information and associated research. It then presents the rationale and evolution of an alternative approach that seeks to better understand user requirements from traveller information systems. Although specific findings of the ongoing study are included in the paper, they are intended to be illustrative rather than giving a comprehensive account of results. The focus of the paper concerns the underlying approach.<br/
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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