1,721,036 research outputs found
Dilemmatic human-animal boundaries in Britain and Romania: Post-materialist and materialist dehumanization
No full textThis is the post-print version of the Article. The official published version can be accessed from the link below - Copyright @ 2007 The British Psychological SocietyTheories of dehumanization generally assume a single clear-cut, value-free and non-dilemmatic boundary between the categories ‘human’ and ‘animal.’ The present study highlights the relevance of dilemmas involved in drawing that boundary. In 6 focus groups carried out in Romania and Britain, 42 participants were challenged to think about dilemmas pertaining to animal and human life. Four themes were identified: rational autonomy, sentience, speciesism, and maintaining materialist and postmaterialist values. Sentience made animals resemble humans, while humans’ rational autonomy made them distinctive. Speciesism underlay the human participants’ prioritization of their own interests over those of animals, and a conservative consensus that the existing social system could not change supported this speciesism when it was challenged. Romanian participants appealed to Romania’s lack of modernity and British participants to Britain’s modernity to justify such conservatism. The findings suggest that the human-animal boundary is not essentialized; rather it seems that such boundary is constructed in a dilemmatic and post hoc way. Implications for theories of dehumanization are discussed
Social media data
No full textThis chapter explains how social media data can be gathered for use in psychological research. It considers four current prominent social media platforms (Facebook, Twitter, YouTube and Instagram) and shows how to gather data from each. The strengths and limitations of using data from each are discussed. The chapter also provides examples of research studies that have used data from each platform to show you how you might use such data for your own research purposes. The challenges of gathering and using social media data along with some relevant ethical issues are discussed at the close of the chapter
Report 3. Critical care experiences and bereavement among families of organ donors: A reflective account of a grounded theory study
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Report 2 : critical care experiences and bereavement among families of organ donors : a reflective account of grounded theory analysis.
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Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Foreign policy and identity
Full text linkThis chapter considers the relationship between foreign policy and identity, drawing on research from international relations and social psychology. While the former discipline, in line with its ‘constructivist turn’ (Checkel, 1998), now focuses to a greater extent on identity-related concerns in addition to realist (or instrumental) factors in the construction and practice of foreign policy, nevertheless it is argued here that there is relatively little attention to the participation of citizens in these processes. States do not somehow operate independently of their citizens - foreign policy concerns the thoughts, actions and representations of citizens, and the outcome of international relations’ focus on the behaviour of nation states is that this agentic potential has been underexplored. In this chapter, it is argued that a social psychological approach to these issues is well-placed to recognise the central role played by citizens in the construction, practice and maintenance/resistance of foreign policy. Further, social psychological theory can contribute to an understanding of the ways in which historical processes underpin the specific foreign policy actions of nation states. It is argued here that the crux of social psychology’s potential contribution stems from its recognition of the nation state as a constellation of identities, representations and narratives associated with a particular group – the national in-group. Illustrating such a perspective, this chapter will reference empirical work conducted on the case of Irish neutrality (O’Dwyer, Cohrs & Lyons, in press), which has utilised the theoretical framework of social representations theory (Elcheroth, Doise & Reicher, 2011; Moscovici, 1961/76). This research reveals the dynamic relationship between national identity and the Irish state’s foreign policy, and considers possibilities for social change in light of this relationship. The chapter closes by outlining possibilities for further social psychological research
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