675 research outputs found
Leader-Member Exchange Relationship and Employee Performance At AYA Bank (Aung Aung Lwin, 2022)
No full textThe role of leadership is extremely crucial in terms of encouraging the
members of an organization to increase their level of motivation to act in an effort to
achieve the goals of the business. The objectives of the study are to examine the leadermember
exchange relationship (LMX) at AYA bank, to investigate the effect of leadermember
exchange relationship on employee performance at AYA bank and to analyze
the mediation effect of employee engagement on relationship between LMX and
employee performance at AYA bank. The primary data was collected from 130
employees out of 175 employees (74% sample size) from the bank with questionnaires
survey method. According to the findings, LMX dimensions have positive and
significant effect on employee performance. However, the study found that employee
engagement does not mediate between LMX and employee performance. Hence, the
study recommends that the leaders should give a personal of being able to rely on when
they are needed and leaders must create an atmosphere of fun to work with to improve
employee performance. Further, leaders should also show mutual affection on
friendship with each follower to improve employee performance. Additionally, leaders
should build their own image to persuade its followers to gain and should act with their
professional skills and treat kindly to its followers to enhance the profession respect on
employee performance in AYA bank. To create good organizational conduciveness,
LMX or the relationship between leaders and followers in AYA bank must be well
established so as to improve employee performance
Liphistius hpruso Aung, Xu, Lwin, Sang, Yu, Liu, Liu & Li 2019
No full text<i>Liphistius hpruso</i> Aung, Xu, Lwin, Sang, Yu, Liu, Liu & Li, 2019 <p>Fig. 1</p> <p> <i>Liphistius hpruso</i> Aung <i>et al</i>., 2019: 32-34, fig. 3A-E (description of females).</p> <p> <b>Types:</b> CBEE; female holotype (XUX-2018-151) and 1 female paratype (XUX-2018-152); Myanmar, Kayah State, Loikaw District, Hpruso, Dokhule, 19.41°N, 97.10°E, 1157 m; 17.VII.2018; D. Li, F.X. Liu, X. Xu & L. Yu. Types not examined; no new material available.</p> <p> <b>Taxonomic remarks:</b> Judging from illustrations in the original description, this species appears to be closely related to <i>L. birmanicus</i> and <i>L. pinlaung</i> from which it can be distinguished by a distinctly longer and narrower posterior stalk of the vulval plate (Aung <i>et al</i>., 2019: fig. 3B-E cf. Figs 14, 16). The body colouration of the female holotype (Aung <i>et al</i>., 2019: fig. 3A; however, carapace colouration given as “light brown” and leg colouration as “brown”, see p. 33 in same paper) is similar to that of young (not fully grown) females of <i>L. birmanicus</i> (Fig. 3G). In addition to close geographical proximity, this indicates a very close phylogenetic relationship between <i>L. hpruso</i> and <i>L. birmanicus</i>. We thus assume that the not yet known male of <i>L. hpruso</i> also possesses a distad-directed proventral contrategular process.</p> <p> <b>Distribution:</b> This species is only known from its type locality (Fig. 1), about 30 km to the east of the known localities of <i>L. birmanicus</i> and roughly at the same altitude.</p>Published as part of <i>Schwendinger, Peter J., Huber, Siegfried, Lehmann-Graber, Christina, Ono, Hirotsugu, Aung, Mu Mu & Hongpadharakiree, Komsan, 2022, A taxonomic revision of the Liphistius birmanicus-group (Araneae: Liphistiidae) with the description of five new species, pp. 375-424 in Revue suisse de Zoologie 129 (2)</i> on page 402, DOI: 10.35929/RSZ.0083, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/7761487">http://zenodo.org/record/7761487</a>
COVID-19 in Myanmar: Impacts on the Economy, Agri-Food System, Jobs, and Incomes
No full textBy Xinshen Diao, Nilar Aung, Wuit Yi Lwin, Phoo Pye Zone, James Thurlow, and Khin Maung Nyun
CLIENT PERCEPTION ON MICROFINANCE ACTIVIRIES OF AUNG NAING TOE CO-OPERATION SEOCITY ( Lwin Ma Ma Latt, 2019)
No full textThis study attempt to investigates client perception on Microfinance Activities of Aung Naing Toe Microfinance Society, Microfinance plays a crucial tool for property reduction in Myanmar. This study aims to identified client perception on Microfinance Activities and to analyze the client perception on Microfinance activities of Aung Naing Toe Microfinance society. five areas of service qualify dimensions: tangibility, reliability, responsiveness, assurance and empathy is used for this for accessing service quality of Aung Naing Toe Microfinance .This Framework is only focus on measuring client perception between customer’s perceived service quality performance and expectation on service of Aung Naing Toe Microfinance by client.
To determine client perception, the demographics statistics method is applied to achieve objective of the study. The primary data is collected from 120 respondents who are randomly selected from Aung Naing Toe Microfinance Society in Dagon Seikkan Township,Yangon. Random Sampling method is used complete structural questionnaires.
The finding shows that user are satisfied with the responsiveness of the Aung Naing Toe Co-operative Society. Moreover the user perceive the service quality of service positively clients satisfy the Aung Naing Toe Microfinance and relationship of service quality satisfied by the clients.
Among the customer perception of five dimension offered by Aung Naing Toe Microfinance Assurance is the most satisfactory dimension and its leads to trust and confidence upon Aung Naing Toe Microfinance institution. However tangible is the weakest dimension for customer perception in this study .
All in all the study highlighted client perception of Aung Naing Toe Microfinance. Thus study pointed out customer specific needs should be understood for the progress of service quality Aung Naing Toe Microfinance should know perception to standardize relevant services. Aung Naing Toe management should support effective training on personal finance Loan should be systematically borrowed to improved better cash flow for Aung Naing Toe Microfinance and it customers
Genomic skimming for identification of medium/highly abundant transposable elements in Arundo donax and Arundo plinii
No full textA Study on the Effects of Road Improvement on People in Rural Area ( Case Study: Seik Hpu (South) Village-Tract in Taungoo Township) ( Aung Aung Lwin, 2024)
No full textThe study examines the progress of road infrastructure in Myanmar and the
impact of road enhancements on the socioeconomic condition of rural families in the
specified region. This study employs a combination of quantitative and qualitative
methodologies, utilizing both primary and secondary data sources. Data is gathered
directly from 300 household leaders residing in 6 communities situated along the
Taungoo - Leiktho Road. Research has shown that the enhancement of rural roads has
a significant impact on the transformation of revenue sources, social status, and living
standards among rural populations. In order to enhance the socio-economic conditions
of rural populations, it is imperative for the government to establish and execute
priority programs aimed at long-term improvement of rural areas. These programs
should focus on enhancing road infrastructure, increasing income levels, improving
school attendance rates, facilitating access to healthcare services, and enhancing local
transportation options
Supplementary Figure S6 in Mitogenomic phylogeny of the Asian colobine genus Trachypithecus with special focus on Trachypithecus phayrei (Blyth, 1847) and description of a new species
No full textSupplementary Figure S6 Ventral view of skull without mandible (A), and dorsal (B), lateral (C), and ventral (D) views of mandible of holotype (NHMUK ZD.1914.7.19.3) of Trachypithecus popa sp. nov. (Photo: Courtesy of the Trustees of the Natural History Museum, London).Published as part of Roos, Christian, M. Helgen, Kristofer, Portela Miguez, Roberto, May Lay Thant, Naw, Lwin, Ngwe, Ko Lin, Aung, Lin, Aung, Mar Yi, Khin, Soe, Paing, Mar Hein, Zin, Nyein Nyein Myint, Margaret, Ahmed, Tanvir, Chetry, Dilip, Urh, Melina, Grace Veatch, E., Duncan, Neil, Kamminga, Pepijn, A. H. Chua, Marcus, Yao, Lu, Matauschek, Christian, Meyer, Dirk, Liu, Zhi-Jin, Li, Ming, Nadler, Tilo, Fan, Peng-Fei, Khac Quyet, Le, Hofreiter, Michael, Zinner, Dietmar & Momberg, Frank, 2020, Mitogenomic phylogeny of the Asian colobine genus Trachypithecus with special focus on Trachypithecus phayrei (Blyth, 1847) and description of a new species, pp. 656-669 in Zoological Research 41 (6) on page 676, DOI: 10.24272/j.issn.2095-8137.2020.254, http://zenodo.org/record/439589
Role of village volunteer group for community development in Htan Tabin Township ( Aung lwin Toe, 2020)
No full textVillage Volunteer Groups were local non-profit organizations. After the exit of the donor agencies, the roles of the VVGs have become very important for the sustainability of community development in the communities. This study aims to identify the role of Village Volunteer Groups (VVGs) and their community development activities and to examine the challenges and opportunities of VVGs. Primary data were collected from (206) VVG members, using the Simple Random Sampling method with a structured questionnaire from 15 villages out of 51 villages in the township of Htan Tabin. VVGs were the main players of all development projects. Community leading VVG formation process was good practice because it can promote ownership sense. The contribution and participation of the community were one of the motivating factors in the sense of ownership. The activities of the VVGs focused on the village revolving fund because it was very effective and efficient for the villages. VVGs should themselves projects income generating activities in order to reduce dependency on the donors. VVGs members improved the level of knowledge, the level of skills, increased self-confidence and family decision- making following participation in VVGs activities. Htan Tabin Township can go to sustainable development in the future
Effectiveness of Procurement and Supply Chain Management in Non-Governmental Organizations (Lwin Aung Zaw, 2023)
No full textThe objective of the study is to identify the important role of procurement and
supply chain management in non-governmental organizations in Myanmar and to
analyze the effectiveness of procurement practices and the performance of supply chain
management in development, social welfare, and rehabilitation activities in nongovernmental
organizations. The survey was conducted on 150 randomly selected
employees of ten non-governmental organizations in Myanmar with a structured
questionnaire. Most of the respondents agreed that procurement planning improved
their job performance and increased the number of good or service orders from various
projects. Procurement negotiation gives concessions and bargains, increases
collaborative relationships, and builds trust. Supply chain management is a major issue
in many organizations as firms realize the importance of creating an integrated
relationship with their suppliers and consumers. The study suggested that employees of
non-governmental organizations should be aware through training to achieve superior
knowledge in the entire procurement process at the organization
Liphistius pyinoolwin Xu, Yu, Aung, Yu, Liu, Lwin, Sang & Li 2021
No full textLiphistius pyinoolwin Xu, Yu, Aung, Yu, Liu, Lwin, Sang & Li, 2021 Figs 1, 2B, 19-20 Liphistius birmanicus Thorell, 1897 (misidentification): Platnick & Sedgwick, 1984: 8-10, figs 7-15 (description of males and females in AMNH under L. birmanicus). – Schwendinger, 1990: 331-332, figs 1-4 (illustration of copulatory organs of 1 male and 3 females in AMNH misidentified as L. birmanicus). Liphistius pyinoolwin Xu, Yu, Aung, Yu, Liu, Lwin, Sang & Li, 2021: 45-50, figs 2D-E, 3-7 (description of males and females). Type material: CBEE (XUX-2018-089 to XUX-2018- 111A); male holotype, 7 male paratypes and 15 female paratypes (not examined); Myanmar, Mandalay Region, Pyin Oo Lwin District, Dat Taw Gyaint Waterfall (= Anisakan Falls), 908 m, 21.98°N, 96.38°E; l3.VII.2018; leg. Li, Liu, Xu and Yu. Material examined: MHNG, BRCM (sample MT-14/31); 12 males (matured 4.IX., 11.IX., 24.IX., 25.IX., 1.X., 4X., 5.X., 16.X.2014, 19.X., 20.X.2014, 3.IX., 5.X.2015) and 3 females; Myanmar, Mandalay Division, Pyin U Lwin (= Pyin Oo Lwin) District, Anisakan Waterfalls (21°58’50”N, 96°23’11”E), 600 m; 8.VII.2014; leg. P.J. Schwendinger & S. Huber. – AMNH; 2 males (matured 14.X.1982 and 23.X.1982; one of them illustrated in Platnick & Sedgwick, 1984: figs 7-11, 14 and in Schwendinger, 1990: fig. 1) and 5 females (one of them illustrated in Platnick & Sedgwick, 1984: figs 12-13, 15, three of them in Schwendinger, 1990: figs 2-4); gorge near Maymyo (= Pyin U Lwin = Pyin Oo Lwin), 3500 feet; 13.VII.1982; leg. W.C. Sedgwick. Diagnosis: Medium-sized, dark spiders with annulated legs and palps (on posterior legs more distinctly so than on anteriors) in females and juvenile males. Males distinguished from those of other species in the birmanicus -group by paracymbium carrying 2-3 enlarged spicules (longer than the ones distal to them) on a narrowly rounded retrolateral-proximal heel (Fig. 19 E-F); base of embolus complex prolaterally with a lobate protrusion (Fig. 19 A-B). Females similar to those of L. lordae, distinguished by having annulated legs and palps; poreplate with a pair of anterolateral processes (absent in L. lordae); anterior lobes of poreplate quite narrow (very wide in L. lordae); posterior stalk posteriorly narrower than in L. lordae (Fig. 20 cf. Fig. 18). Additions to description: Males with scopulae very weak on tarsus I (especially in proximal half), increasingly denser on tarsi III-IV, covering distal 3/4 of tarsus I, distal 4/5 of tarsus II and distal 5/6 of tarsi III-IV. Male palp with tibial apophysis slightly set back from anterior margin of tibia (Fig. 19E); paracymbium with a moderately to narrowly rounded retrolateralproximal heel, always carrying 2-3 elongate spinules (longer than those situated more distally; Fig. 19 E-F); distal margin of tegulum not elevated, proximal edge coarsely dentate, bent and adpressed to contrategular surface below it (Fig. 19D); contrategulum with short, widely conical proventral process with a rounded apex (Fig. 19A); distal edge of contrategulum very wide (Fig. 19A), its prolateral part long, slightly elevated to a keel (Fig. 19C), its dorsal apex narrowly rounded (Fig. 19 A-B); base of embolus complex with a lobate prolateral protrusion (Fig. 19 A-B); para-embolic plate short and indistinct, not separated by an invagination from retroventral edge of embolus complex (Fig. 19D); embolus proper narrowly divided, its sclerotised part strengthened by 3 longitudinal ribs reaching apex and carrying denticles distally (Fig. 19 A-B, D); area at base of membranous embolus part wide, distinctly sclerotised and furnished with numerous quite long and deep wrinkles, its distal margin oblique (Fig. 19 B-C). Females with a pair of light marks half way between ocular mound and fovea; poreplates wider than long, with distinct, quite narrow (distinctly narrower than in L. lordae) anterior lobes and with anterolateral processes; posterior stalk mostly axe-blade-shaped, with an exceptionally long and narrow constriction in its anterior part (Fig. 20, Xu et al., 2021: figs 5-7, see also Variation). Variation: For carapace measurements and prefoveal setae counts see Table 1. All specimens examined have well-developed AME. Variation in the shape of the male palp is shown in Fig. 19. In distal view the apex of the proventral contrategular process is widely rounded in most specimens (Fig. 19A), in one it is very widely triangular. The unusually deep apex of this process shown in prolateral view (Fig. 19C) is due to an artificial swelling (caused by alcohol preservation?) of the membrane on its distal side. This is not so in illustrations by Xu et al. (2021: figs 3-4). The distinctly pigmented area at the base of the membranous embolus part has an oblique distal margin (Fig. 19C), in some specimens with a small median spike or a longer spike at the higher end. In illustrations of male palps by Xu et al. (2021: figs 3-4) two characteristic features (elongate spicules on lower retrolateral corner of paracymbium; bent and adpressed proximal edge of tegulum) are not clearly visible or not visible at all; a third characteristic feature (lobate prolateral protrusion of embolus complex) is recognizable (Xu et al., 2021: fig. 3B, I). Variation in the shape of the vulval plates of three females examined is shown in Fig. 20. One of these specimens has wart-like ventral vesicles on the posterior margin of the poreplate and a very narrow posterior stalk (with roughly parallel lateral margins; Fig. 20 A-C). This is presumably abnormal, as is the vulval plate illustrated by Xu et al. (2021: fig. 6F, I) which completely lacks a posterior stalk. The posterior margin of the posterior stalk is straight (Xu et al., 2021: fig. 5E, H) or more or less widely arched, with a small median invagination (Fig. 20), with a very small median lobe (Xu et al., 2021: figs 6E, 7D-E, G-H) or with neither (Xu et al., 2021: figs 5D, G, 6D, G, 7B-C, F, I). The receptacular cluster of this species is also quite variable, not or only barely reaching the anterior margin of the poreplate in the three females examined (Fig. 20B, E, G), reaching the margin or surpassing it in six females illustrated by Xu et al. (2021: figs 5G-I, 6G-I, 7C, G-I). The CDO is mostly circular, small to medium-sized (Fig. 20A, D, F), in some females longer than wide, elliptical or teardrop-shaped (Xu et al., 2021: figs 5D, F, 6D, 7F). Relationships: Similarities in the shape of the vulval plate (anteriorly narrow posterior stalk; Fig. 20 cf. Fig. 18) and in the palpal organ (very wide distal edge of contrategulum, adpressed proximal edge of tegulum; Fig. 19 A-B, D cf. Fig. 17 A-D) suggest a fairly close relationship between L. pyinoolwin and L. lordae. Distribution: This species is currently only known from the type locality near the western edge of the Shan Plateau (Fig. 1). Biology: Most of the specimens examined were collected from earth banks at the bottom of a waterfall, a few on the sides of a trail. Most burrows were simple and undivided, closed by a single trapdoor; one burrow was Y-shaped and equipped with two doors close to each other; two burrows were sac-like, with two doors, built in the depression of a rock bolder, as know from cave-dwelling Liphistius species (see e.g. Klingel, 1967). Most burrows had 6-8 signal lines radiating from the entrance; only one had nine lines. The largest female had a 2.0 cm long and 2.9 wide trapdoor; penultimate males had 1.3-1.9 cm long and 2.1-2.8 cm wide trapdoors. Males matured between early September and late October, only a few months after being captured. No egg cases were found in the field in early July. Eggs are presumable laid in December, as it is the case in congeneric species in the mountains of northern Thailand (Schwendinger, 1990). In captivity large females moulted once per year, between September and October. One of the males carried parasitic mites of the genus Ljunghia (see Halliday & Juvara-Bals, 2016) which discarded their exuviae on the dorsal side of the spider opisthosoma (Fig. 2B). Another male fed on a cricket after reaching maturity, which is rather unusual because most adult Liphistius males stop feeding.Published as part of Schwendinger, Peter J., Huber, Siegfried, Lehmann-Graber, Christina, Ono, Hirotsugu, Aung, Mu Mu & Hongpadharakiree, Komsan, 2022, A taxonomic revision of the Liphistius birmanicus-group (Araneae: Liphistiidae) with the description of five new species, pp. 375-424 in Revue suisse de Zoologie 129 (2) on pages 408-411, DOI: 10.35929/RSZ.0083, http://zenodo.org/record/776148
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