130,722 research outputs found
Tailoring the development process according to the context of the project
Full text linkAs part of a research project on design methodology, the authors have developed a framework to facilitate the tailoring of the product development process according to the context of the project. In the first part of this paper, the reader is introduced to the framework. The second part presents two case studies conducted during the Management of Product Development course at the University of Twente. The case studies were intended to validate deployment of the framework to facilitate the selection and/or tailoring of the development process of a chosen product. This depends on the circumstances surrounding the product and the organisation that develops it. The first case study analyses the development process proposed by students for a product they chose, without exposure to the framework. In contrast the second case study analyses the proposed development processes of a group of students after they were exposed to the framework. This paper presents the differences observed in the proposed development processes when the major variables that influence this process are highlighted
A case-based comparison of four major creativity techniques for creative idea generating in product design
No full textMeSH term explosion and author rank improve expert recommendations
Full text linkInformation overload is an often-cited phenomenon that reduces the productivity, efficiency and efficacy of scientists. One challenge for scientists is to find appropriate collaborators in their research. The literature describes various solutions to the problem of expertise location, but most current approaches do not appear to be very suitable for expert recommendations in biomedical research. In this study, we present the development and initial evaluation of a vector space model-based algorithm to calculate researcher similarity using four inputs: 1) MeSH terms of publications; 2) MeSH terms and author rank; 3) exploded MeSH terms; and 4) exploded MeSH terms and author rank. We developed and evaluated the algorithm using a data set of 17,525 authors and their 22,542 papers. On average, our algorithms correctly predicted 2.5 of the top 5/10 coauthors of individual scientists. Exploded MeSH and author rank outperformed all other algorithms in accuracy, followed closely by MeSH and author rank. Our results show that the accuracy of MeSH term-based matching can be enhanced with other metadata such as author rank
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Bridging the gap between design and engineering in packaging development
Full text linkOrganised by: Cranfield UniversityPackaging designers often come up with splendid design proposals, without being aware of technical,
marketing or economical restrictions. This leads to infeasible proposals, so many packaging design projects
fail. To bridge the gap between design and marketing, a tool has been developed that shows several designs
to an extensive community. Designers now have the possibility to get feedback of the target market on the
design proposals. In a case study (redesigning a packaging), the tool clearly showed its advantage. This
paper discusses the tool, its usage and its contribution to a more effective and efficient development cycle in
packaging development.Mori Seiki – The Machine Tool Compan
"Closing the R&D Gap, Evaluating the Sources of R&D Spending"
Full text linkBoth spending and tax policies have been implemented in the United States with the goal of stimulating private sector research and development (R&D). Karier questions whether current R&D policy, especially the research and experimentation tax credit, can contribute to closing the gap between nondefense expenditures on R&D in the United States and such expenditures in other countries, such as Japan and Germany. He also explores possible changes to our current R&D policy to make it more effective.
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Scholarly Communication and Publishing Lunch and Learn Talk #11: The ULS Open Access Author Fee Fund
No full textAt the May 2014 talk, you will learn about the ULS Open Access Author Fee Fund--what it is, why we do it, how it works, and how the program is going so far
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