190 research outputs found
Genetik Molekuler Toll like Receptor-2 Sebagai Kandidat Prediktor Prognosis infeksi M. Leprae
No full textPerkembangan Penyakit lepra dipengaruhi oleh beberapa faktor antara lain: faktor genetik hospes/inang (host), status nutrisi, vaksinasi atau terapi lain, serta paparan dari kuman M. Leprae atau mycobacterium lainny
The Relationship between Cadre’s Capacity and Assessing to the Fast food Seller’s Performance in Food Hygiene and Sanitation in Mokoau Primary Health Care, Kendari City
No full textKendari city had serious issues related to emerging a hundred of fast food sellers in 2017, including in Mokoau Health Centre area. However, there were only two health environmental staffs in that health care centre. Therefore, involving cadres in the fast food control become necessary. This study aimed to analyse the relationship between cadre’s capacity and Assessing to the food seller’s performance in food hygiene and sanitation management in Mokoau Health Centre in Kendari City since March 2019. There were 15 active cadres who controlled 35 fast food sellers. This study used the One-Group Pretest- Posttest Design. Data analysis used Paired T-test, Mann-Whitney test and Chi-Square test. This study found that 93.3% cadres had a senior high school diploma and only 6.7% of them had a Bachelor degree. There were 60.6% active cadres who had been in social health work for more than 5 years. The majority of cadres have got training about less than 15 times (86.7%). Involving cadres in the fast food control affected to seller’s performance change in fast food hygiene and sanitation management (P=0.006). Cadre with bachelor degree (P=0.006), were active in the social health work for less than 5 years (P=0.003), and got training less than 15 times (Pvalue= 0.026) influenced significantly to cadre’s assessing for the seller’s performance in food hygiene and sanitation management. This study suggested that improving cadre’s or community volunteer’s knowledge and skill related to fast food control technique becomes necessarily in fast food control
Studi Hepatitis B pada Anak-Anak yang Lahir di Era Program Imunisasi Nasional Hepatitis B di Indonesia
No full textlndonesia termasuk negara dengan prevalensi infeksi hepatitis B sedang sampai tinggi. Persentasi Infeksi hepatitis B menjadi khronik adalah 90-95% pada mereka yang tertular waktu lahir dari ibu yang positif, dan hanya sekitar 5% pada mereka yang tertular setelah dewasa. Hepatitis B khronik kemungkinan besar berujung pada sirosis dan atau kanker hati. Oleh sebab itu vaksinasi hepatitis B pada bayi baru lahir sangatlah penting. Program vaksinasi massal pada semua bayi baru lahir di seluruh Indonesia dimulai sejak tahun 1997. Hingga saat ini belum ada evaluasi tentang ke rhasilan vaksinasi massal tersebut.
Pada penelitian ini akan dicari data vaksinasi dan dilakukan pemeriksaan serologis,
hep titis B surface-antigen (HBsAg) dan antibody terhadap HBsAg (HBsAb), pada anak usia 1- 13 tahun di berbagai daerah representatif genotipe dan subtipe virus hepatitis B (HBV) di Indonesia, yakni Kabupaten Kotawaringin Barat Kalimantan Tengah dan Kota Kupang, Nusa Tenggara Timur.
Di Kab Kotawaringin Barat Kalimantan Tengah, diperoleh hasil prevalensi HbsAg positif sejumlah 3 dari 258 anak (1.2%), angka keberhasilan imunisasi Hepatitis B dengan status anti HBs saja yang positif sebesar 108 anak (41.9%) dan angka anti HBc sebesar 4.3%.
Di Kota Kupang Nusa Tenggara Timur, prevalensi status HbsAg positif sejumlah 6 dari 177 nak (3.4%) angka keberhasilan imunisasi Hepatitis B dengan status anti HBs saja yang positif sebesar 85 anak (48.0%) dan angka anti HBc sebesar 5.1%.
Jumlah HBV DNA positif dari sampel dengan HbsAg dan atau anti HBc positif di Kab Kotawaringin Barat dan Kota Kupang NTT masing masing sebanyak 8 (3.1%) dan 9 (5.1%). Seluruh sampel dari Kab Kotawaringin Barat-Kalimantan Tengah merupakan genotipe B dan subtipe adw. Sedangkan distribusi strain HBV pada anak di Kota Kupang NTT yakni HBV genotipe B (5 sampel) dan C (4 sampel), serta jenis subtipe adw, ayw dan adr masing masing 4, 3, dan 2 sampel. Mutasi M133L diduga berperan dalam HBV vaccine escape mutant yang diidentifikasi pada 1 sampel dari Kab Kotawaringin Barat Kalimantan Tengah
The model of supervision for impermanent food sellers by women volunteer in Kendari City Indonesia
No full textObjectives: Many fast food sellers emerged in Kendari city of Southeast Sulawesi Province Indonesia. The number of staff in Environmental division in Primary Health Services was limit, so they could not supervise for all fast food sellers in that area. Therefore, involving of women volunteer in the villages of Kendari City was necessary. Therefore, this study aimed to find out the model of supervision for impermanent food sellers by the women volunteers in Kendari City, Southeast Sulawesi Province in Indonesia. Method: This study used Quasy Experiment with the One-Group Pre-test-Post-test Design. The study was conducted in 3 villages in Kendari City. This study recruited 17 women volunteers and 39 fast food sellers. The statistical analysis used linier regression. Results: The model of supervision under the women volunteers could be found in this study. The characteristic of women volunteers which involved and be active to supervise were they who have be active in social activities in their village. They have also been involved in Primary Health Services in the village for more than 6 years, they were above 41 years old. They were married and had 3 children in average. Each village involve about 4-10 women. Each village was organized by 1 person as a village coordinator. The village coordinator had responsibility to communicate or mediate to primary health services, especiallay to environmental division. Every month the coordinator reports the results of women’s supervision for the fast food sellers. The time of reaching the fast food sellers was found to be significant relation with the seller’s behavioural change and fast quality improvement. Conclusion: Women volunteers can supervise to the fast food sellers in kendari City in southeast Sulawesi Province, Indonesia. They have closed with the food sellers and with sanitation and environmental staff in primary health service
Beyond the Bosphorus? Comparing German, French and British Discourses on Turkey’s Application to Join the European Union
No full textThis article examines the impact of national borders on public discourses, based on a case study of the struggle surrounding Turkey’s application to join the European Union (EU). Comparing opinions, reasons and interpretation patterns in press commentaries about enlarging the EU beyond the Bosphorus, the findings confirm the paramount importance and robustness of national cleavages between the German and the French public sphere on the one hand, and the British on the other. Whereas Turkish membership was predominantly re-jected on the continent, the British commentators strongly and almost unanimously sup-ported Ankara’s request to open doors. These similarities and divergences, I argue, are first and foremost the result of, and linked with, competing visions of Europe’s finality, especially regarding various constitutional ideas and cultural principles. Against this background, the Turkey question was partly exploited as an instrument supporting or repressing different conceptions of the European Union’s future
Viral hepatitis and human immunodeficiency virus co-infections in Asia
No full textHepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV), and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) affect many people in Asian countries, although there are geographic differences. Both HBV and HIV (HBV/HIV) and HCV/HIV co-infections are highly prevalent in Asia. Hetero- and homosexual, injection drug use, and geographic area are strong predictors of HBV, HCV, and HIV serostatus. In HBV endemic regions, the prevalence and genotype distribution of HBV/HIV co-infection is almost comparable with that in the general population. In Japan, where HBV has low endemicity, the prevalence of HBV/HIV co-infection is approximately 10-fold higher than that in the general population, and HBV Ae is the most common subgenotype among HIV infected individuals. Highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) is an effective treatment for HIV/Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome. Lamivudine, a component of HAART, is an effective treatment for HBV, HIV, and HBV/HIV co-infection; however, cost, emerging drug resistance, antiretroviral-associated liver toxicity and liver-related morbidity due to HCV progression are particular concerns. HCV/HIV co-infection may accelerate the clinical progression of both HCV and HIV. The high prevalence of HBV/HIV and HCV/HIV co-infections in Asia underscores the need to improve prevention and control measures, as fewer evidence-based prevention strategies are available (compared with Western countries). In this review, the most recent publications on the prevalence of HBV/HIV and HCV/HIV co-infections and related issues, such as therapy and problems in Asia, are updated and summarized
Analisis serologis dan molekuler virus hepatitis A dan B di Indonesia
No full textLatar belakang: hepatitis A adalah penyakit hati akut yang disebabkan oleh virus hepatitis A. Virus hepatitis dapat menular ketika orang yang tidak divaksin memakan makanan atau meminum air yang terkontaminasi dari seseorang yang terinfeksi hepatitis A. Penyakit hepatitis A mempunyai hubungan yang erat dengan air dan makanan yang tidak aman serta sanitasi dan kebersihan diri yang lemah. Virus hepatitis A menyebabkan wabah di berbagai negara termasuk di Indonesia. Pada awal 2018 dilaporkan telah terjadi wabah di SMA Lamongan dan pondok pesantren di Bangkalan sehingga diperlukan identifikasi virus hepatitis A untuk mengatasi wabah di Indonesia. Pengetahuan merupakan faktor penting untuk tindakan promotif dan preventif infeksi hepatitis A sehingga dalam penelitian ini juga dilakukan analisis hubungan tingkat pengetahuan dengan kejadian infeksi hepatitis A.
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeteksi IgM Anti-HAV yang positif dan mengetahui subtipe dari virus hepatitis A yang menyebabkan wabah di Indonesia serta menganalisis hubungan antara tingkat pengetahuan dengan kejadian infeksi hepatitis A.
Metode: digunakan 172 sampel untuk penelitian ini. 88 sampel serum untuk penelitian terkait analisis serologis dan molekuler dengan manifestasi klinis aspek hepatitis A yang terdiri sebanyak 54 sampel dari SMA Lamongan dan sebanyak 34 sampel dari Pondok Pesantren Bangkalan. Serta 84 sampel sebagai kontrol untuk analisis hubungan tingkat pengetahuan dengan tingkat infeksi hepatitis A. Sampel akan dilakukan pemeriksaan serologis dengan cara rapid test diagnostik menggunakan SD BIO LINE HAV IgG/IgM untuk mendeteksi IgM anti-HAV
Analyze Activation Marker of Azurophilic Granule (CD63) and CFSE CD11C Expressions of Salivary Neutrophils Insevere Early Chilhood Caries
No full textEarly childhood cariesis is a very serious health problem because it is a chronic infectious disease that is infectious. In recent years the view has changed dramatically neutrophils, where neutrophils which are a key component of the first line of defense against pathogen through the process of phagocytosis. Neutrophils also release their granule contents such as defensins, Defensins (α defensins) are stored in the azurophilic granules have microbicidal function shown in enable macrophages to release tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and interferon γ (IFNγ) which promote pro inflammatory. α Defensin also increases the permeability of the epithelial monolayer in vitro and chemotactic effects on T cells, mast cells and dendritic cells. Purpose this research is to analyze activation marker of azhurophilic granules and CFSE CD11c expression of salivary neutrophils in severe early childhood caries (S-ECC). Two groups ie, results mouthwash NaCl 1.5% samples of 20 early childhood caries-free and 20 severe early childhood caries. Salivary neutrophils that collected from severe early childhood caries analyzed using flow cytometry to detect the CD63 and CFSE CD11C expressions. Based on the average value is known that salivary neutrophils expressing CD63+ in early childhood caries-free higher (2.67% 0.46) in comparison to the severe early childhood caries (2.32% 0.57), likewise salivary neutrophils expressing CFSECD11c+ in early childhood caries-free higher (2.44% ± 0.52) in comparison to the severe early childhood caries (1.57 ± 0.39). Decreased activation marker azhurophilic granules (CD63) and phagocytosis markers (CFSE CD11c) expressions may be one cause in the S-ECC
Correlation Between Climate Factors with Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever Cases in Surabaya 2007- 2017
No full textDengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) is a disease caused by dengue virus. DHF is mediated by the mosquito vector, the Aedes mosquito. The proliferation of dengue vector is influenced by many factors, one of which is climate factors. DHF is one of the main public health problems in Indonesia. Cases of dengue were first discovered in 1968 in the city of Jakarta and Surabaya. Currently Surabaya is one of the dengue endemic areas in Indonesia. . The case of DHF in the city of Surabaya can be said to be still quite high compared with another city in Indonesia, although there is a decrease in the number from year to year. When examined, many factors influence the high number of dengue cases in Surabaya, one of which is climate factor. Climate factors play a role in the proliferation of DHF vectors. Therefore, this study aims to examine for 10 years, namely in 2007 - 2017 whether there is a correlation between climate factors with dengue cases in the city of Surabaya., which in this study the climate factors used are rainfall, average temperature, and average air humidity. This research uses an analytical method namely Spearman on the SPSS software version 20. The results obtained that the case of DHF in the city of Surabaya has no relationship with climatic factors such as rainfall and average temperature with a significance value of the relationship p> 0.05. While the climate factor that has a relationship with DHF cases in Surabaya City is air humidity with a significance value of p <0.05 and has a positive relationship with the value of r = + 0.190. It can be concluded that not all climate factors have a relationship with the DHF case in Surabaya in 2007 - 2017, which has a relationship with the DHF case is air humidity
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