1,720,970 research outputs found
The impact of information and communication technologies on Indigenous and Afro-Descendant Civil Society Organizations in Latin America
No full textIndigenous and Black civil society organizations (CSOs) in Latin America have participated in diverse forms of political, social and entrepreneurial engagement with varying degrees of success. Previous research has shed light on how these organizations have emerged over the past few decades and on the “traditional” social movement strategies used by some of the more successful groups. We know relatively little, however, about how indigenous CSOs use information and communication technologies (ICTs) to pursue their goals over the long term. Transnational NGOs have worked extensively with Indigenous and Black organizations in particular to transfer technology and help set up webpages, social media accounts and hardware but we know little about the consequences of these efforts. Now is the time to assess how these new technologies are being used and the impact they are having. The objectives of this study are to:
Conduct a comparative case analysis of Indigenous and Black CSOs in Ecuador, Bolivia and Chile in order to understand the impact of ICTs on their capacity to represent and pursue the interests of their constituents, the barriers they face, potential uses, and the contextual factors that enhance or diminish organizations’ capacity to use ICTs effectively.
Inform CSOs with respect to these questions. Develop knowledge products to advise leaders and activists based on their expressed needs.
Recommend strategies, in collaboration with CSOs, to tackle the barriers and address the needs/potential uses identified through the research.
Contribute to updating theoretical frameworks used to understand the use of ICTs by integrating the perspectives of some of the world’s most traditionally marginalized civil society actors.</p
Participatory Democracy in Latin America
No full textDespite the recent expansion of innovative democratic experiments, scholars have observed that much of what has been written focuses on theoretical issues and normative debates. There is relatively little empirical research and a lack of comparative work that contrasts different models of citizen participation.These data were collected as part of a PhD thesis project intended to addresses these gaps in the literature. The project compares local participatory mechanisms in three countries with different models of participatory design: Venezuela’s “radical” participatory democracy, Chile’s “pragmatic” efforts at expanding participation and Ecuador’s “hybrid” model that demonstrates features of both. Drawing on extensive fieldwork, it compares outcomes produced by participatory mechanisms in these countries and identifies five factors that enhance or diminish their ability to generate positive outcomes: decision-making and implementation capacity, quality of deliberation, inclusiveness, levels of engagement and the nature of relationships between participatory mechanisms and local authorities. The findings reveal that the “radical” model does not produce significantly better outcomes despite its promises of deepening the quality of democracy. Institutional design and state discourse on democracy are therefore less important than the extent to which these five factors are present. The data include interviews and surveys
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Within Four Walls: the Empowerment of Household Workers in Chile
No full textThe purpose of this thesis is to analyze how Ley 20.786 has contributed to the improvement of working conditions and the empowerment of household workers in Chile. Ley 20.786 was passed in 2014 in Chile, and it formalizes the working conditions of all household employees, regardless of job status or nationality. To analyze how household workers have the capacity to exercise choice, I draw on the semi-structured interviews I carried out during my fieldwork in Santiago de Chile. The results indicate that there are some improvements in the working conditions of domestic workers as a result of Ley 20.786. The results also suggest that the women in this job sector find ways to configure their power relations at work, become aware of their traditional vulnerable position by accessing information about their labour rights, and that they make use of their resources, agency, and achievements to gain a sense of empowerment. This thesis contributes to the largely unexplored topic of domestic workers’ empowerment in Chile and Latin America
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