1,720,979 research outputs found
Quantifying patterns of agent--environment interaction
Get PDFThis article explores the assumption that a deeper (quantitative) understanding of the information-theoretic implications of sensory-motor coordination can help endow robots not only with better sensory morphologies, but also with better exploration strategies. Specifically, we investigate by means of statistical and information-theoretic measures, to what extent sensory-motor coordinated activity can generate and structure information in the sensory channels of a simulated agent interacting with its surrounding environment. The results show how the usage of correlation, entropy, and mutual information can be employed (a) to segment an observed behavior into distinct behavioral states, (b) to analyze the informational relationship between the different components of the sensory-motor apparatus, and (c) to identify patterns (or fingerprints) in the sensory-motor interaction between the agent and its local environment.LI
Information-theoretic approach to embodied category learning
Get PDFWe address the issue of how statistical and information-theoric measures can be employed to quantify the categorization process of a simulated robotic agent interacting with its local environment. We show how correlation, entropy, and mutual information can help identify distinct informational structure which can be used for object classification. Further, by means of the isometric feature mapping algorithm, we analyze the weights of a neural network designed to find clusters based on these distinct information theoretic characteristics of the object’s shape, size and color. We conclude that an understanding of the information-theoretic implications of categorization could help design robots with improved catego rization and better exploration strategies.LI
Fingerprinting agent-environment interaction via information theory
No full textAbstract. In this paper, we investigate by means of statistical and information-theoretic measures, to what extent sensory-motor coordinated activity can generate and structure information in the sensory channels of a simulated agent interacting with its surrounding environment. We show how the usage of correlation, entropy, and mutua
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
What is intrinsic motivation? : a typology of computational approaches
No full textIntrinsic motivation, the causal mechanism for spontaneous exploration and curiosity, is a central concept in developmental psychology. It has been argued to be a crucial mechanism for open-ended cognitive development in humans, and as such has gathered a growing interest from developmental roboticists in the recent years. The goal of this paper is threefold. First, it provides a synthesis of the different approaches of intrinsic motivation in psychology. Second, by interpreting these approaches in a computational reinforcement learning framework, we argue that they are not operational and even sometimes inconsistent. Third, we set the ground for a systematic operational study of intrinsic motivation by presenting a formal typology of possible computational approaches. This typology is partly based on existing computational models, but also presents new ways of conceptualizing intrinsic motivation. We argue that this kind of computational typology might be useful for opening new avenues for research both in psychology and developmental robotics
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