1,720,964 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Optically and infrared stimulated luminescence investigations of the Middle and Later Stone Age in East Africa
No full textThe Late Pleistocene was a period during which the behaviour and technology of Middle Stone Age (MSA) and Later Stone Age (LSA) modern humans in East Africa changed considerably. The East African climate shifted between periods of humidity and aridity, and populations of modern humans expanded, contracted and dispersed within, and out of, Africa. During this time, symbolic behaviours proliferated, technological change occurred at a rapid rate and innovative tool types, such as backed microliths, became prevalent. The timing and reasons for these changes in behaviour and technologies remain largely unresolved, however, due to the difficulty of obtaining reliable age estimates for the East African MSA and LSA cultures. Constraining the timing of behavioural and technological changes in the archaeological record can allow an interpretation of why these changes occurred, through comparisons with palaeoclimatic and genetic records. To this end, the main aim of this thesis is to resolve when various changes in behaviour and technology occurred during the East African MSA and LSA. Two sites were chosen to address this issue: Mumba rockshelter in Tanzania and Moche Borago rockshelter in Ethiopia. Sediment samples for optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) and infrared stimulated luminescence (IRSL) dating were collected to construct improved, numerical-age chronologies for the archaeological deposits at both of these sites. OSL dating is a technique that has been used to estimate accurate and precise depositional ages for Late Pleistocene sediments in other geographic regions and archaeological contexts and, thus, has the potential to construct reliable chronologies for the MSA and LSA in East Africa. OSL investigations were conducted on individual sand-sized grains of quartz using the single-aliquot regenerative-dose (SAR) procedure. Substantial grain-to-grain variability in OSL signal behaviour was observed and characterised. Dose recovery tests were used to determine the measurement conditions and data analysis procedures most appropriate for objectively isolating grains dominated by the most light-sensitive component of quartz OSL, for which the SAR procedure can be used to obtain reliable estimates of the equivalent dose (De). De values were estimated for individual grains and the distributions of these values were analysed using well-established statistical models. For samples affected by beta dose rate heterogeneity and post-depositional mixing, corrections were applied and the De populations that best represented the burial ages of the sediments and associated artefacts were used to obtain OSL ages for samples from Mumba rockshelter. Potassium (K) feldspars were also investigated at Mumba to extend the luminescence chronology to the older deposits at this site. Quartz grains from the latter deposits yielded only minimum ages, because the OSL signal was in saturation. The IRSL signal was found to be associated with a high-temperature TL peak at 430°C and the IRSL signal intensity and decay curve shape were largely dependent on stimulation temperature. The IRSL signal measured at an elevated temperature (225°C) after an initial low-temperature (50°C) IR bleach (the ‘post-IR IRSL’ signal) was shown to be bleachable by sunlight, suitable for De estimation using the SAR procedure and suffer only minimally from the malign phenomenon of anomalous fading. Using this signal, De values and fading rates were measured, and the fading-corrected IRSL ages were consistent with the single-grain OSL ages for the younger deposits at Mumba, where both techniques could be applied. Finally, volcanic sediments from Moche Borago were investigated. Quartz was absent or rare and had a poorly-behaved OSL signal that was unsuitable for the SAR procedure. K-feldspars were also investigated and were shown to have substantially different TL and IRSL properties than those from Mumba. Although the IRSL signal passed the standard tests of SAR suitability, the combination of high fading rates, weak luminescence signals and few grains prevented the determination of reliable IRSL ages for the Moche Borago samples. The OSL and post-IR IRSL ages obtained for the archaeological sequence at Mumba rockshelter are in correct stratigraphic order and provide temporal constraints on the significant behavioural and technological changes recorded at the site. First, the revised chronology constrains the timing of the point-based Kisele Industry (~74–63 ka), the backed piece-based Mumba Industry (~57–49 ka) and the scraper-based Nasera Industry (~37 ka). Second, the timing of the emergence of ornamental OES beads associated with the Mumba Industries is shown to have occurred ~49 ka ago. Third, ages for deposits that contain obsidian from distant sources provide a minimum estimate of the duration of likely long-distance exchange networks between the occupants of Mumba and southern Kenya. The improved chronology for Mumba allows the archaeological record at this site to be compared with existing archaeological, palaeoenvironmental, genetic and demographic records for East Africa and the continent more broadly. In doing so, possible reasons for the observed technological and behavioural changes that occurred in the Late Pleistocene can be inferred, and such inferences are discussed in the penultimate chapter of this thesis
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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