1,721,058 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Activité distribuée et organisation de l'interaction
No full textChristian Heath and Paul Luff
Distributed activity and organization of interaction : multi-media technology in London
underground
Little research has yet been done on the organization of collaborative activity in real world, technologically supported, work environments. One reason for various technological failures is that the context of ordinary work practices and situated conduct are not taken into account. Herein, naturalistic analysis of organizational activities is advocated as a basis for the design and development of tools and technologies to support collaborative work. This analysis shows the tacit procedures whereby per-sonel systematically communicate information to each other and coordinate a disparate collection of activities.Il existe encore peu de recherches sur les activités de coopération dans des environnements technologiques complexes. Or l'une des raisons des échecs technologiques actuels est l'absence de prise en compte du contexte dans l'analyse des activités de travail et des interactions. Les auteurs préconisent une méthodologie «naturaliste » d'observation, utilisant l'enregistrement audio-vidéo pour décrire les processus de coopération. Ils montrent, dans une perspective ethnométhodologique, comment les agents chargés de la régulation du trafic dans un poste de commande du métro de Londres s'échangent systématiquement les informations dont ils disposent -notamment en rendant celles-ci accessibles pour autrui- et coordonnent un ensemble disparate de tâches et d'activités, dans cet environnement multimédia.Heath Christian, Luff Paul. Activité distribuée et organisation de l'interaction. In: Sociologie du travail, 36ᵉ année n°4, Octobre-décembre 1994. Travail et cognition. pp. 523-545
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Espaces configurants : le déploiement de l'organisation
No full textConfiguring Spaces : Deploying Organisation.
Despite the wide-spread deployment of Closed Circuit Television (CCTV) throughout most major cities Western Europe, and the importance of surveillance to contemporary debates within the social sciences, there remains relatively little detailed research concerned with the ways in which these technologies are used to oversee and manage complex spatial environments. In this paper, we examine how personnel in the operation centres of an unban transport system, or metro, use a range of tools and technologies to identify problems and events and implement a coordinated response. We consider how personnel configure views of the space to make sense of and interpret the conduct of the travelling public in organisationally relevant ways. We examine how they shape the ways in which both passengers and staff see and respond to each others' actions and the spatial environment. In addressing how personnel constitute the sense and significance of the scenes, we reflect on the development of information systems that are designed to scrutinise video images and automatically detect problems and events.Malgré le large déploiement de la Télévision à Circuit Fermé (TCF) à travers la plupart des grandes villes d'Europe occidentale, et malgré l'importance de la surveillance dans les débats contemporains au sein des sciences sociales, il y a relativement peu de travaux de recherche approfondis sur la façon dont ces techniques sont utilisées pour surveiller et gérer des environnements spatiaux complexes. Dans cet article, nous examinons comment le personnel des centres de contrôle d'un système de transport urbain, ou d'un métro, utilise une variété d'outils et de techniques pour identifier problèmes et événements et élaborer en réponse des solutions de façon coordonnée. Nous étudions comment le personnel configure des prises de vue de l'espace dont on puisse extraire du sens et interprète le comportement du public de voyageurs d'une façon qui soit pertinente d'un point de vue organisational. Nous examinons comment les membres du personnel façonnent les manières dont les passagers et l'équipe perçoivent mutuellement leurs actions et y répondent, ainsi que comment ils s'ajustent à l'environnement spatial. En nous penchant sur la façon dont le personnel constitue le sens et la signification de ce qui apparaît à l'écran, nous réfléchissons au développement de systèmes informatiques qui seraient en mesure de scruter les images vidéo, de détecter automatiquement des problèmes et d'identifier des événements.Heath Christian, Luff Paul, Sanchez-Svensson Marcus. Espaces configurants : le déploiement de l'organisation. In: Intellectica. Revue de l'Association pour la Recherche Cognitive, n°41-42, 2005/2-3. Espace, inter/action & cognition. pp. 117-137
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