1,721,011 research outputs found
Il decremento termico del cadavere: dalle formule empiriche all'applicazione pratica
No full textIl decremento termico del cadavere: dalle formule empiriche all’applicazione pratica Messina V., Lucidi D., Ciallella C. Dipartimento di Medicina Legale – Sapienza Università di Roma Nel presente lavoro vengono riportate le osservazioni sperimentali relative al decremento termico nel cadavere e le formule elaborate per descrivere il fenomeno, partendo dall’equazione fondamentale di raffreddamento di Newton. Nel tempo si so-no susseguite diverse formule empiriche ricavate da studi osservazionali che vengono analizzate fino a quella di Marshall e Hoare, sottoposta ad ulteriore elaborazione da parte di Henssge, che ha elaborato l’omonimo nomogramma, la cui applicazione a casi pratici viene illustrata. La necessità di una risposta ad un quesito specifico rende l’indagine relativa all’epoca della morte immanente nell’attività del patologo forense; tuttavia è doveroso considerare che, anche dall’analisi delle conoscenze sul decremento termometrico nel cadavere, si rileva che la maggior parte dei dati empirici si fondano su osservazioni in condizioni standard e, quindi, descrivono l’andamento in una dimensione ideale che, nell’applicazione al caso concreto, necessita di approssimazioni e richiede adeguamenti che rendono il dato materiale (derivato dall’osservazione empirica) su-scettibile di variazioni cospicue. Fra i numerosi algoritmi, attraverso i quali è possibile descrive la dispersione termica nel cadavere, nessuno ha avuto attuazione pratica tale da venire normalmen-te impiegato nella pratica forense, tranne quello di Marshall e Hoare, che è stato sot-toposto ad ulteriore elaborazione da parte di Henssge il quale ha, a sua volta, elaborato un nomogramma nel quale è possibile attribuire un’incidenza ponderata ai vari fattori (intrinseci ed estrinseci) che determinano la dispersione termica nel caso concreto: è l’unico metodo disponibile in letteratura con queste caratteristiche e la sua validità è stata verificata in studi scientifici controllati
The impact of intra-operative factors in otosclerosis outcomes: retrospective study in a tertiary centre
Full text linkThe aim of the study was to assess results from a large cohort of patients undergoing otosclerosis surgery with respect to the impact of intra-operative variables on post-operative hearing function and complications. We enrolled 384 patients affected by otosclerosis who were subjected to stapes surgery between 2004 and 2013 at a single institution. Surgery was performed in all cases under local anaesthesia, using a manual perforator and/or microdrill. Teflon-piston prosthesis was used in all patients. Audiological data obtained preoperatively and at last follow-up examination (minimum 12 months) were compared. Statistical analysis was performed using the multiple regression model. Peripheral rim otosclerosis and diffuse otosclerosis were associated with better functional results compared to the obliterative pattern (p < 0.05). Mean post-operative Air-Bone Gap was significantly higher in the 0.4 mm, compared to 0.6 mm piston group at 0.5 kHz (p < 0.001) and 1 kHz (p < 0.02); in the stapedotomy group a statistically significant difference was found between 0.4 and 0.6 mm piston groups, in favour of the latter (p < 0.05). No differences were encountered in terms of average hearing threshold and complications. Intra-operative variables cannot be fully predictable and our data could help in stratification of the results and as a landmark for the surgeon’s decisions
First branchial cleft anomaly and middle ear cholesteatoma: Case report and literature review
No full textGoing Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Quality of life and functional results in canal wall down vs canal wall up mastoidectomy
Full text linkSocial functioning and personal satisfaction about quality of life are issues in the spotlight in most fields of otolaryngology. However, in ear surgery, few studies performed standardised measurements through interviews and validated questionnaires. We enrolled 81 patients undergoing tympanomastoidectomy from January 2011 to December 2014, at the “A. Gemelli” Hospital of the Catholic University, Rome. 50 patients (61.7%) underwent non-obliterative Canal Wall Down (CWD) mastoidectomy, whereas 31 patients (38.3%) underwent Canal Wall Up (CWU) mastoidectomy. We administered the Chronic Ear Survey (CES) 3 and 12-months post-operatively and the Chronic Otitis Media Outcome Test-15 (COMOT-15) 12 months post-operatively. Results were compared to hearing threshold, sex and age. In the CWD Group, significant improvements were observed in all CES subscale scores and total scores over time (p < 0.001) whereas in the CWU Group we found a partial improvement. Inter-group comparison showed no significant differences in administration of CES in CWD vs CWU (p > 0.05 for all subsections and overall scores). A significant difference was found only in the COMOT-15 “Hearing Function” subsection, in favour of CWU over CWD (61 vs 39 respectively; p < 0.05). A significant association was found between PTA and COMOT-15 “Hearing Function” subsection scores. According to our results, a significant difference in the post-operative QoL between CWD and CWU should not be taken for granted
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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