1,720,956 research outputs found
Motion Sickness Prediction in Aeromedical Evacuation of Patients with Ebola
No full textINTRODUCTION: Aeromedical evacuation of patients affected by severe infectious diseases inside an aircraft transit isolator (ATI) system is at potential risk of motion sickness (MS). A test flight was then conducted to quantify this risk during the transfer of an Ebola patient from West Africa to Italy.
CASE REPORT: A mannequin was inserted inside an ATI and instrumented to provide acceleration parameters throughout the test flight. The analysis of the data predicted a MS incidence of about 2% for a 6-h flight, so the decision to use anti-MS drugs only in selected cases was taken (i.e., those with positive past history of MS, gastrointestinal disorders, or residual carsickness due to previous ambulance run). On this basis, an actual aeromedical evacuation of an Ebola patient was successfully performed without the use of any anti-MS drugs.
DISCUSSION: During aeromedical evacuation with ATI systems, the patient's risk of MS should be evaluated on an individual basis and calibrated according to the specific exposure to motion evoked by the flight platform used. Due to the possible onset of untoward effects, prevention with anti-MS drugs in these patients should be limited to selected case
Eustachian tube evaluation in aviators
No full textThe aim of the study is to evaluate the Eustachian tube functionality in a group of aviators to underline a subclinical dysfunction and the related risk of ear fullness or barotitis. Hypobaric chamber allows to simulate the pressure variation of the flight. This prospective study enrolled 42 aviation pilots, members of the Italian Air Force, to whom were evaluated Eustachian tube functionality by Tubomanometry, patients subjective assessments concerning feasibility of Valsalva's and Toynbee's clinical symptoms, tympanometry, and objective Valsalva before and after exposure to hypobaric chamber. The new Eustachian tube score (ETS-7) was also calculated for each pilot before and after exposure to hypobaric chamber. Results of our examination showed that: before chamber exposition, in 92.8 % of pilots, an ETS-7 of eight or more was found bilaterally. In three (7.2 %) cases, a unilateral ETS-7 ≤ 7 was found and two of those had a positive history. After undergoing the hypobaric chamber session, the evaluation of ETS-7 showed only 19 % of pilots with an ETD score ≤7, in particular three bilateral and five unilateral cases. Three of those pilots were clinically positive: two airmen reported persistent fullness, while the other one had a barotitis. Therefore, the combined use of TMM and ETS-7 before and after hypobaric chamber exposure appears to be a reliable method for assessing the functional capacity of the Eustachian tube in aviators, the stressful effect of flight on it, to exclude subjects at increased risk of ear pain, fullness, or barotrauma
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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