117,460 research outputs found
Outcomes of Distal Ulna Fractures Associated With Operatively Treated Distal Radius Fractures
No full textBackground: The purpose of this study was to report outcomes in patients with nonstyloid distal ulna fractures treated in conjunction with open reduction internal fixation (ORIF) of distal radius fractures. Methods: A retrospective review of all patients who had undergone ORIF of a distal radius fracture over a 5-year period at a single institution was performed. Radiographic review was performed to identify patients with a concomitant fracture of the distal ulna. Radiographs were examined to determine whether and how the distal ulna fracture was stabilized and to assess healing of the distal ulna. Range of motion (ROM) was determined by review of the patients' charts. All skeletally mature patients with distal ulna fractures (not including isolated styloid fractures) undergoing surgical fixation of the distal radius fracture were included. Patients were excluded if follow-up was inadequate. There were 172 fractures of the distal ulna meeting the inclusion criteria. Seven patients were excluded. There were 91 patients treated without ulna fixation (ulna-no) and 74 patients treated with ulna fixation (ulna-yes). Results: Seventy-two (97%) of the ulna-yes patients healed. All patients in the ulna-no group healed. The only significant difference in ROM was in pronation, although the magnitude of this difference was relatively small. Conclusions: Fractures of the distal ulna have high rates of healing and result in equivalent motion regardless of whether the distal ulna is treated operatively. Routine surgical fixation of concomitant distal ulna fractures during distal radius ORIF does not appear to be necessary
Prima filogenesi del genere Nyctereutes (Canidae, Carnivora): conferme e implicazioni
No full textIl cane procione, Nyctereutes procyonoides (Gray, 1834), è un canide di piccola taglia originario dell’Asia orientale e Giappone, diffusosi anche in Europa centro-orientale in seguito a introduzioni. La tassonomia di questo canide e le sue affinità filogenetiche rispetto ad altri membri della stessa famiglia sono state una fonte di dibattito scientifico. Ad esempio, recenti analisi cromosomiche suggeriscono la possibilità di separare le popolazioni del Giappone da quelle del continente in una specie diversa, N. viverrinus. Inoltre, sebbene filogenesi morfologiche basate su campioni attuali indicavano possibili relazioni tra Nyctereutes ed alcuni canidi sudamericani, p.e. Cerdocyon Hamilton-Smith, 1839, analisi filogenetiche molecolari supportano l’inclusione del cane procione all’interno della tribù Vulpini, insieme ai generi Otocyon e Vulpes. Dal punto di vista paleontologico, la limitata diversità specifica e l’espansione areale odierna non trovano riscontro nel record fossile del genere, che di fatto testimonia una considerevole abbondanza di specie Plio-Pleistoceniche presenti in tutta l’Eurasia e in Africa. La presente ricerca riporta la prima analisi di massima parsimonia condotta su specie attuali e fossili del genere Nyctereutes basata su un dataset composto da 115 caratteri craniali, dentognatici, cerebrali e postcraniali selezionati ad hoc ed analizzati con il software freeware TNT v. 1.5. L’albero di consenso stretto ottenuto da tale analisi, ben supportato come dimostrano test con metodologie di bootstrap e decay (Bremer) index, mostra la presenza di due cladi: il primo composto da due specie africane, Nyctereutes lockwoodi Geraads et al., 2010 e Nyctereutes terblanchei (Broom, 1948), e un secondo dal problematico taxon da Laetoli, Nyctereutes barryi Werdelin & Dehgani, 2011, Nyctereutes abdeslami Geraads, 1997 dal Marocco e dalle specie fossili eurasiatiche. Da un lato, il pattern risultante conferma parzialmente alcune ipotesi precedenti, tuttavia, allo stesso tempo, l’albero di consenso stretto mostra numerosi rapporti filogenetici inattesi rivelando possibili relazioni sottovalutate e/o non considerate finora. Una delle principali implicazioni derivanti dall’analisi riguarda lo sviluppo di due modelli alternativi di dispersione degli antenati del genere dal Nord America (luogo di origine dei Caninae) nel Vecchio Mondo. Infine, l’analisi rivela la peculiarità del Nyctereutes di Çalta (Turchia), che risulta piuttosto derivato ed affine a N. megamastoides nonostante provenga da un contesto cronologico relativamente antico per il genere (Pliocene inferiore, ca. 4.0 Ma)
Chapter 53: Distal Radius Osteotomy for Malunion: Dorsal Approach
No full textDistal radius osteotomy can help restore the anatomic parameters of the distal radius when fractures heal in an incorrect position. Various surgical techniques have been described to perform a corrective osteotomy of a distal radius malunion. We describe herein a dorsal approach to correct bony deformity
A PHYLOGENY OF THE GENUS NYCTEREUTES TEMMINCK, 1838 (MAMMALIA: CARNIVORA: CANIDAE), INCLUDING A NEW SPECIES FROM ÇALTA (TURKEY)
No full textThe phylogenetic relationships of the raccoon-dog, Nyctereutes procyonoides, were matter of debate in the last decades. Morphological phylogenies recognized some affinities between Nyctereutes and some South American canids, e.g. Cerdocyon, whereas more recent molecular studies support the inclusion of the raccoon-dog in the tribe Vulpini together with the genera Vulpes and Otocyon. The present study reports the first most-parsimonious analysis on extant and fossil species of Nyctereutes using a dataset of 115 ad hoc selected cranial, dentognatic, cerebral and postcranial characters, analyzed through the freeware software TNT v. 1.5. The resulting strict consensus tree (tested with bootstrap and decay techniques) shows the presence of two clades: one made up by the African N. lockwoodi and N. terblanchei, and one composed of the enigmatic N. barryi from Laetoli, all the other Eurasian species and also N. abdeslami from Morocco. The resulting arrangement partially confirms previous hypotheses on the relationships among the fossil Nyctereutes, although it points out several unexpected pattern to the intricate taxonomic tangle of fossil raccoon-dogs. The results supports the development of two different models to explain the dispersal of the ancestors of this genus from North America into the Old World. Lastly, the analysis reveals the peculiarity of the Nyctereutes from Çalta (Turkey). Previous descriptions related this taxon to N. donnezani. Our analysis points out a closer affinity to morphologically derived Nyctereutes, therefore, we suggest the ascription of the taxon to a new species
Morphometric Assessment of the Residual Width of the Distal Hamate Articular Surface after Graft Harvest for Hemi-hamate Arthroplasty
No full textBackground: The hemi-hamate arthroplasty (HHA) can restore joint congruity and stability in chronic fracture-dislocations of the proximal interphalangeal joint (PIPJ). Purpose of this study was to compare the width of the distal hamate articular surface (DHAS) to the width of the base of the middle phalanges (P2) of the fingers. We hypothesized the dimensions of the width of the DHAS would be similar to those of P2, leaving a small amount of residual DHAS width after autograft harvest. Methods: Fifty-nine CT scans of the hand without any bony pathology were evaluated. Three observers measured the following parameters and compared: (a) Width of the DHAS in the axial and coronal planes; (b) Width of the P2 articular bases of all four fingers; (c) Maximum capitate length (MaxCap) in the coronal plane. Results: The residual DHAS on the coronal plane after graft harvest (bone remaining on the radial and ulnar aspects each, not accounting for saw blade or osteotomy width thickness) among all patients was 1.3, 0.9, 1.4, and 2.4 mm for the index, long, ring and small fingers respectively. There was a strong correlation between DHAS and MaxCap r=0.76. Conclusion: There is likely to be a very small amount of residual hamate articular surface width left after the graft is harvested if the entire base of P2 is reconstructed
Chapter 27: Endoscopic Ulnar Nerve Decompression
No full textEndoscopic cubital tunnel release is a minimally invasive procedure
that relieves the compression on the ulnar nerve as it
passes through the cubital tunnel. When conservative treatment
fails, this procedure is used to relieve the pressure on the
ulnar nerve
The Effect of Intraoperative Corticosteroid Injections on the Risk of Surgical Site Infections for Hand Procedures
No full textPurpose The aim of the study was to assess the risk of surgical site infection (SSI) in patients
who received an intraoperative injection (IOI) with a corticosteroid at the same time as hand
surgery for a different condition.
Methods This was a retrospective chart review of all patients who underwent hand surgery and
corticosteroid injections concurrently over an 8-year period. Comparison of the rates of SSI
was made of patients who had received an IOI and a matched control cohort of patients with
no intraoperative injection (nIOI). There were 391 patients in each group.
Results There were 8 SSIs in the IOI group compared with 2 in the nIOI group. One patient in
the IOI group had a deep infection whereas all other infections were superficial. In the IOI
group, 206 patients had injections on the side ipsilateral to their surgical procedure. Six of
these patients had SSIs, a significant difference compared with the control group. There were
185 patients who had contralateral injections. Two of these patients had SSIs. Compared with
the control group, this difference was not significant.
Conclusions Concomitant injection of steroid into the same side as the surgical site increases
the risk of postoperative infection. We do not recommend administering a corticosteroid
injection at the time of hand surgery
The Montopoli site, a reference Local Fauna in the Pliocene and Pleistocene European Large Mammals Biochronology, first discovered by Giovanni Capellini (1833-1922)
No full textEarly Miocene (Burdigalian) acorn barnacles (Cirripedia: Sessilia) from the Chilcatay Formation of southern Peru: palaeoenvironmental, palaeobiogeographical and evolutionary significance
No full text- We report on a recently described barnacle-rich facies from the East Pisco Basin.
- Barnacles are associated with an abundant, mollusc-rich hard-substrate biota (i.e., a barnamol).
- The Chilcatay barnacle facies depicts a very shallow, high-energy, nearshore assemblage.
- Two new species of austromegabalanines have been described from this Burdigalian assemblage.
- Austromegabalanines likely originated at low latitudes and in warm marginal-marine waters
- …
