1,722,124 research outputs found
Loading-Induced Earth's Stress Change over Time
No full textThis is a preliminary database of loading-induced stress changes on the Earth from 2000 to 2017 in a global scale and at various depths. Five loading forces that would generate stress changes on the Earth are considered: hydrological loading, atmospheric pressure, ocean water (including tides and non-tidal variation), solid Earth tides and postglacial rebound (PGR). The loading forces are quantified using the terrestrial water storage (TWS) inferred from GRACE solutions, the ECMWF surface atmospheric pressure model, the TPXO 7.2 ocean tide solutions, CMEMS sea level anomaly model, tidal forces computed by the SPOTL package, and the ICE-5G glacial history model, respectively. The loading masses are assumed to distribute within a thin layer (relative to the Earth’s radius) on the Earth’s surface, and are used to calculate the Earth’s stress responses through a spherical spectral method. Based on the different time scales of the loading forces, an incompressible viscoelastic Earth model is adopted for PGR and a compressible elastic one is adopted for the other forces.
The stress database could motivate more comprehensive studies to seek clearer physical insights on triggering mechanisms of various tectonic events, such as earthquake, non-volcano tremor, slow slip event and volcano. The physical framework we have established in the stress calculation could be a useful tool for updating and improving the stress estimates in the future and could facilitate more comprehensive studies of elastic/viscoelastic parameters and physical states of the Earth’s interior at various time scales and length scales.
Please refer to Lu et al. (2018, JGR) for the detailed methods and parameters used to calculate the loading-induced stress.
Currently, the stress results are output on 1x1 degree grids, and at depths of 0 km, 19 km, 50 km, and 100 km.
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Loading-Induced Earth's Stress Change over Time
No full textThis is a preliminary database of loading-induced stress changes on the Earth from 2000 to 2017 in a global scale and at various depths. Five loading forces that would generate stress changes on the Earth are considered: hydrological loading, atmospheric pressure, ocean water (including tides and non-tidal variation), solid Earth tides and postglacial rebound (PGR). The loading forces are quantified using the terrestrial water storage (TWS) inferred from GRACE solutions, the ECMWF surface atmospheric pressure model, the TPXO 7.2 ocean tide solutions, CMEMS sea level anomaly model, tidal forces computed by the SPOTL package, and the ICE-5G glacial history model, respectively. The loading masses are assumed to distribute within a thin layer (relative to the Earth’s radius) on the Earth’s surface, and are used to calculate the Earth’s stress responses through a spherical spectral method. Based on the different time scales of the loading forces, an incompressible viscoelastic Earth model is adopted for PGR and a compressible elastic one is adopted for the other forces.
The stress database could motivate more comprehensive studies to seek clearer physical insights on triggering mechanisms of various tectonic events, such as earthquake, non-volcano tremor, slow slip event and volcano. The physical framework we have established in the stress calculation could be a useful tool for updating and improving the stress estimates in the future and could facilitate more comprehensive studies of elastic/viscoelastic parameters and physical states of the Earth’s interior at various time scales and length scales.
Please refer to Lu et al. (2018, JGR) for the detailed methods and parameters used to calculate the loading-induced stress.
Currently, the stress results are output on 1x1 degree grids, and at depths of 0 km, 19 km, 50 km, and 100 km.
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Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Correction: Transition from smectic nanofibers to smectic vesicles in the self-assemblies of PEG-b-liquid crystal polycarbonates
No full textCorrection for ‘Transition from smectic nanofibers to smectic vesicles in the self-assemblies of PEG-b-liquid crystal polycarbonates’ by Lu Zhou, et al., Polym. Chem., 2017, DOI: 10.1039/c7py01131h.</p
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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