1,721,240 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Studies on the preparation of fermented mustard and high quality salt-dried mustard from pickled mustard waste
No full text雲林縣大埤鄉以盛產酸菜著名，在酸菜的醃漬加工過程中，農民分級包裝加工產生的酸菜廢棄物俗稱酸菜尾，若無適當的處理，極易污染地下水及附近的農地，為解決酸菜尾隨意堆棄之問題，將酸菜尾製造福菜或梅乾菜，評估以酸菜尾再加工之可行性為主要目的。
研究進行針對雲林縣大埤鄉之酸菜加工之廢棄物—酸菜尾的品質與衛生概況之調查，酸菜尾之鹽含量介於8-11%之間，pH值平均約4.0、酸度平均約1.2%，水分含量平均約為81%、水活性平均值約0.9，具有與酸菜相似之品質，總菌數、酵母與黴菌數皆小於5 log CFU/g，且無不良之氣味與外觀。
酸菜尾以陽光乾燥或烘箱乾燥製造福菜或梅乾菜，皆具有與福菜與梅乾菜商品相似之接受度，在考慮經濟等因素下，將酸菜尾再加工製成梅乾菜較能夠符合需求。在研究第二階段，為增進梅乾菜風味，組合不同的酒類與添加量至梅乾菜中，以增加酸菜尾製成梅乾菜之經濟價值，於喜好性品評結果顯示，添加梅乾菜重量5%食用酒精的梅乾菜具有最佳的風味與接受度。
將酸菜尾製造之梅乾菜以真空包裝與PE保鮮袋包裝存放於室溫6個月，梅乾菜在儲藏期間pH值、可滴定酸度、總糖含量與水活性皆無顯著變化，且可有效抑制腐敗性微生物，維持梅乾菜之風味。Dapi township, Yun-lin County is famous for pickled mustard production. During pickling process, pickled mustard wastes are produced by removing stems and leaves from pickled mustard after they are graded and packed. These wastes have high salt and acid contents, and if not disposed properly, can cause environmental pollution. Thus it becomes abundantly clear that a beneficial solution to the pickled mustard disposal problem is needed. The major objective of this study is to evaluate the feasibility of using the pickled mustard wastes to produce fermented mustard or salt-dried mustard, thus solving the pickled mustard disposal problem.
The pickled mustard waste from Dapi township contains a salt content level between 8-11% , the average pH is 4.0. The titratable acidity is around 1.2%, and moisture content and water activity is about 81% and 0.9 respectively. The total aerobic count and the yeast and mold count are both lower than 5 log CFU/g. The quality of pickled mustard waste is similar to pickled mustard and without off-flavor.
In this utilization of pickled mustard waste experiment , the fermented mustard and salt-dried mustard produced with pickled mustard wastes by the sun drying method and the oven drying method have an acceptable level similar to the commercially made products. When considering the factor of economic benefits, salt-dried mustard made from pickled mustard waste is actually more practical. To further improve the taste of salt-dried mustard, combination of different types of alcohol and additive were added into the salt-dried mustard made from pickled mustard waste. The result of the sensory evaluation shows that the salt-dried mustard was treated with edible edible alcohol 5% of the salt-dried mustard’s weight, the flavor of the salt-dried mustard was the best.
During the storage of salt-dried mustards that were packaged in PE bag or vacuum bag at room temperature for 6 months, there were no significantly different in the pH level, titratable acidity, total sugar and water activity. The result also shows that this storage method can effectively inhibit the spoilage organisms and maintain the flavor of the salt-dried mustard.口試委員審定書......................................i
謝誌...............................................ii
中文摘要 .........................................iii
英文摘要...........................................iv
壹、前言............................................1
貳、文獻整理........................................2
一、芥菜簡介........................................2
二、醃漬食品........................................4
（一）定義..........................................4
（二）醃漬物的分類..................................4
（三）醃漬物的微生物................................4
（四）醃漬原理......................................6
三、芥菜醃漬物......................................9
（一）酸菜..........................................9
（二）榨菜.........................................12
（三）福菜.........................................12
（四）梅乾菜.......................................14
四、農產品廢棄物的處理與利用.......................16
（一）農產品廢棄物利用之重要.......................16
（二）國內對農產廢棄物之處理方式...................16
（三）農產品廢棄物之利用...........................16
五、酸菜廢棄物.....................................18
（一）酸菜尾簡介...................................18
（二）酸菜尾之利用.................................18
參、材料與方法.....................................19
一、試驗材料.......................................19
（一）原料.........................................19
（二）培養基.......................................19
（三）儀器.........................................19
（四）藥品.........................................20
二、實驗架構.......................................21
三、福菜與梅乾菜之製備.............................26
（一）酸菜尾製造福菜...............................26
（二）酸菜尾製造梅乾菜.............................26
四、試驗方法.......................................27
（一）品質分析.....................................27
（二）微生物菌相分析...............................27
（三）基本成分分析.................................28
（四）有機酸分析...................................30
（五）喜好性品評試驗...............................31
（六）統計分析.....................................31
肆、結果與討論.....................................32
一、大埤地區酸菜尾之品質調查.......................32
（一）酸菜尾之基本成分與品質特性...................32
（二）酸菜尾之微生物菌相...........................33
（三）酸菜尾儲存室溫期間品質變化...................33
二、市售福菜與梅乾菜產品之品質調查.................34
（一）市售福菜之產品特性...........................34
（二）市售梅乾菜之產品特性.........................34
三、酸菜尾製造福菜之製程確立與其品質之探討.........35
（一）酸菜尾製造福菜之品質特性.....................35
（二）酸菜尾製造福菜之微生物菌相...................36
（三）酸菜尾製造福菜之喜好性品評試驗...............37
四、酸菜尾製造梅乾菜之製程確立與其品質之探討.......38
（一）酸菜尾製造梅乾菜之品質特性...................38
（二）酸菜尾製造梅乾菜之微生物菌相.................39
（三）酸菜尾製造梅乾菜之喜好性品評試驗.............40
五、利用酸菜尾製造具風味梅乾菜之研究...............40
六、酸菜尾製造梅乾菜之儲存試驗.....................42
伍、結論...........................................76
參考文獻...........................................7
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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