281 research outputs found
Song Chunfang lun ju er ji.
No full text宋春舫著譯.附: 漢譯歐美劇單行本目錄.Song Chunfang zhu yi.Fu: Han yi Ou Mei ju dan xing ben mu lu
Strategy for sustainable supply chain transformation: a resource orchestration perspective
No full textPurpose: with the popularization of sustainable concepts, how to transform into a sustainable supply chain has received widespread attention in practice. Under this circumstance, this paper aims to propose a theoretical framework of sustainable supply chain transformation (SSCT) from a perspective of resource identification and utilization, investigates resources/capabilities that can be used to promote SSCT and explores how to use resources/capabilities to achieve SSCT effectively.Design/methodology/approach: an inductive multi-case analysis is applied to this paper. Four state-owned/non-state-owned enterprises from the manufacturing sector are selected as the research objectives, which are all leaders in the industry based on the 2022 China TOP 500 Enterprises Ranking. Meanwhile, to guarantee the diversities of enterprises, the four selected enterprises are respectively positioned in upstream and downstream of the supply chain. Findings: a theoretical framework of SSCT is proposed with following research findings: (1) Technology resources, facilities and equipment resources, and business process reengineering capability are the key resources/capabilities to promote SSCT. (2) From the supply chain structure perspective, there exists a leader-participant structure in SSCT. The enterprise with dominant resources/capabilities should actively transfer to a SSCT leader. From the supply chain function perspective, specific sustainability assessment indicators and special teams are two necessary settings for SSCT. From the supply chain lifecycle perspective, SSCT should be promoted in a phased manner and dynamically adjusted in each stage. (3) Digital transformation degree and enterprise ownership play a moderating role in the implementation of strategies. Originality/value: this paper proposes a conceptual framework of SSCT based on the resource orchestration perspective, which provides decision support for enterprises in practice.</p
Distributed Problem-Solving:How Artists’ Participatory Strategies Can Inspire Creativity in Higher Education
No full textThis chapter aims to deconstruct some persistent myths about creativity: the myth of individualism and of the genius. By looking at literature that approaches creativity as a participatory and distributed phenomenon and by bringing empirical evidence from artists’ studios, the author presents a perspectivethat is relevant to higher education. The focus here is on how artists solve problems in distributed paths, and on the elements of creative collaboration. Creative problem-solving will be looked at as an ongoing dialogue that artists engage with themselves, with others, with recipients and with materials, in asynchronous or synchronous relationships. The empirical background draws on qualitative narratives collected in 2011-2014 and based on interviews with recognized artists. The questions guiding the present chapter are: If creativity does not arise from talent but from exercise and hard work, what caneducators at higher education learn from the ways creative groups solve problems? How can artists contribute to inspiring higher education
Proteome expression patterns in the stress tolerant evergreen Ammopiptanthus nanus under conditions of extreme cold
No full textLow temperature is one of the important environmental changes that affect plant growth. The cold resistance capabilities of evergreen plants are the result of long-term adaptation to extreme environmental conditions. To investigate the responses of Ammopiptanthus nanus, a rare stress-tolerant evergreen plant, to extreme cold stress, we analyzed the proteome expression patterns of stressed plants; this is the first study to report these patterns for A. nanus. We collected adult A. nanus leaves under two conditions of cold stress: extreme cold (-29 degrees C) and relatively less extreme cold (-5 degrees C). Total crude proteins were extracted from leaf blades, separated by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis, and stained with Coomassie brilliant blue. Of the 500 protein spots detected in each of the samples, eight of the spots that exhibited clear changes under the different conditions were identified by MALDI-TOF analyses. Our results suggest that cold stress-related proteins may play diverse roles in the resistance to multiple environmental stresses
The quest for alternatives to microbial cellulase mix production: corn stover-produced heterologous multi-cellulases readily deconstruct lignocellulosic biomass into fermentable sugars
No full textBACKGROUND: Production of cellulosic ethanol is still expensive compared with corn (maize) grain ethanol due to the high costs of bulk production of microbial cellulases. At least three cellulases including endo-cellulase, exo-cellulase and cellobiase are needed to convert cellulosic biomass into fermentable sugars. All these cellulases could be self-produced within cells of transgenic bio-energy crops. The production of heterologous Acidothermus cellulolyticus (E1) endo-cellulase in endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria of green tissues of transgenic corn plants was recently reported, and it was confirmed that the heterologous E1 converts cellulose into fermentable sugars.
RESULTS: Biologically active A. cellulolyticus E1, Trichoderma reesei 1,4-β-cellobiohydrolases I (CBH I) exo-cellulase and bovine rumen Butyrivibrio fibrisolvens cellobiase were expressed in corn plant endoplasmic reticulum (ER), apoplast (cell wall areas) and vacuole respectively. Results show that the ratio 1 : 4 : 1 (E1 : CBH I : cellobiase) of crude heterologous cellulases is ideal for converting ammonia fiber explosion (AFEX) pretreated corn stover into fermentable sugars.
CONCLUSIONS: Corn plants that express all three biologically active heterologous cellulases within their cellulosic biomass to facilitate conversion of pretreated corn stover into fermentable sugars is a step forward in the quest for alternatives to the present microbial cellulase mix production for cellulosic biofuels.Peer reviewed
Interaction between Hydraulic Fracturing Process and Pre-existing Natural Fractures
No full textHydraulic fracturing is employed as a stimulation treatment by the oil and gas industry to enhance the hydro-carbon recoveries. The rationale is that by creating fractures from the wellbore into the surrounding formations, the conductivity between the well and reservoir is significantly increased and the hydro-carbon flow is therefore stimulated. The hydraulic fracture is initiated and driven by pressurizing a bore-hole section via fluid injection. Despite its half century’s practice, hydraulic fracturing treatments sometimes fail to increase the well productivity. One prominent reason is that there are pre-existing (natural) fractures in connection with the wellbore or in the way of the hydraulic fracture propagation. If the natural fracture is opened by the injection fluid, the borehole pressure will decrease as if a hydraulic fracture break-down has taken place. If a hydraulic fracture is intercepted by natural fractures that layer the formation, its dimension could be restricted in only one of the layers. In both of the cases, the fluid losses via the natural fractures could mislead the interpretation of the bore-hole measurements. Laboratory tests were design to investigate the interaction between the hydraulic fracturing process and natural fractures’ fluid infiltration. To characterize the natural fractures’ mechanical and hydraulic properties under normal confining and shear, we performed shear and flow tests with rock samples cleaved into layers. To characterize the hydro-natural fracture interaction, we performed the injection fracturing tests on the layered samples. We interpreted the test results by correlating the possibility of the hydraulic fracture crossing-over natural fractures with the test conditions. We concluded from the test results that if the natural fracture is closed by the normal stress significantly higher than the minimum in-situ stress, it is then likely to be crossed by the hydraulic fracture. Tests were facilitated by a tri-axial set-up in combination with an acoustic monitoring system. The tri-axial loadings maintained the samples’ in-situ stresses which determined the hydraulic fracture orientations. The monitoring system tracked the fracture propagation by converting the diffraction signal arrival times to the fracture tip locations via a velocity model. Comparisons between the recovered fractures from the acoustic monitoring and sample postmortems showed agreement. In modeling the fracture initiation and propagation, we introduced a quasi-static numerical algorithm that coupled the 2D fluid domain and 3D matrix domain via boundary conditions. The model was extended to include a layer interface (natural fracture) transverse to the bore-hole. As a result of the fluid infiltration into the interface, the coupling between the layers was weakened. The displacement loss across the interface was related to the weakening process when the hydraulic fracture met the interface. The model results showed discontinuities across the interface in the fracture width and injection fluid distribution, which indicate the impact of the natural fracture infiltration to the hydraulic fracture development. In conclusion, the model was a novel approach to simulate such a complicated process and the comparison between the modeled and test results showed agreements.GeotechnologyCivil Engineering and Geoscience
Death Penalty Reform in China- International Law Context
No full textThis thesis provides an account of the history and the status quo of the death penalty in China, along with an analysis of its possible reform in the future. It begins by looking at the history of the use of the death penalty in China from the pre-Qin-Han era to the present. It revolves around consideration of the international law context, the drawbacks of and challenges to the Chinese legal system concerning the use of the death penalty and the would-be approaches to death penalty reform in China against the background of the global abolition movement. It examines the debates between reformists/neo-liberal cosmopolitans and conservatives in Chinese legal history from the end of the Qing dynasty to present-day China. Concerning the international law context, this thesis analyses how China treats international treaties, especially capital punishment related human rights treaties (mainly the ICCPR), on the legislative and judicial level. It studies the factors that have influenced the abolition movement in European countries. The thesis examines the Chinese Criminal Law and the Criminal Procedure Law to find challenges and gaps concerning the use of the death penalty between the Chinese legal system and the requirements of international human rights treaties. It also analyses case studies and empirical studies of capital crimes. Subsequently, the work outlines a number of alternative punishments to the death penalty and possible approaches to reform. It also analyses the present impetus for reform of the death penalty in China from a socio-economic perspective. The thesis further examines Chinese public opinion concerning the reform/abolition of the death penalty, as reflected in various surveys conducted by the author herself, as well as other Chinese or foreign scholars, for which a detailed analysis is provided in Appendix 6. Finally some possible suggestions and solutions are provided for the future reform of the death penalty in China
An Empirical Study on Cases of Domestic Violence: Samples of 212 Cases From 22 Provinces, 4 Municipalities, and 4 Autonomous Regions in China
No full textDomestic violence is one of the most widespread forms of gender-based violence on China Judgments Online. The author conducts statistical analysis on 212 cases of “domestic violence” and explores the gender ratio of perpetrators of domestic violence and the involvement of relevant government departments and organizations. By adopting a comparative analysis method, statistical and comparative analysis of data on the types of violence, the proportion of public prosecution cases, the distribution of sentencing, and the sentencing circumstances of the defendant’s lighter penalties are used to resolve domestic violence. At the same time, the results of this survey will also provide the reader with an intuitive impression of the situation of domestic violence in China and provide some main suggestions for anti-domestic violence practice. This study shows that telephone helplines, police intervention, and the court system is the most deterrent and effective way to stop domestic violence. Only in this way can domestic violence be dealt with promptly and effectively
Analysis on Character Image in Lu Xun’s Novels and Translation Strategies from the Perspective of Konnektive Struktur
No full textProteome expression patterns in the stress tolerant evergreen Ammopiptanthus nanus under conditions of extreme cold
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