1,720,956 research outputs found
Topical Application of Bisphosphonates to Enhance Alveolar New Bone Formation
Get PDFThis PhD thesis is a compendium of three publications, which sets out to broaden our knowledge and understanding of the topical application of bisphosphonates alone or mixed with a bone graft in alveolar bone defects, to evaluate the potential capacity of them to preserve/enhance alveolar new bone formation.
In recent years, research has focused on improving bone substitutes to achieve faster and better regeneration by morphologic and biochemical modification. Bisphosphonates are a group of drugs that reduce bone resorption by inhibiting the formation, recruitment activity of mature osteoclasts; and promoting their apoptosis. In addition, some bisphosphonates enhance osteoblast differentiation and activity. Thence, it has been demonstrated that topical application of a bisphosphonates can minimize the bone resorption following muco-periostial flap surgery or in peri-
implantitis; improve the osteoconductive and regenerative capacity of a biomaterial; prevent the surface resorption of onlay bone grafts; or reduce post-extraction dimensional changes.
Mandibular second premolars (P2) and first molars (M1) were extracted from six Fox-Hound dogs. P2 were categorized as small defects (SD) and M1 as large defects (LD). Four random groups were created: SC (small control defects with MP3®), ST (small test defects MP3® + pamidronate), LC (large control defects with MP3®), and LT (large test defects MP3® + pamidronate). At four and eight weeks of healing the percentages of new bone formation (NB), residual grafts (RG) and connective tissue (CT) were analysed by histology and histomorphometric analysis. To complement the information already obtained from histological analysis, the samples were evaluated through scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), to identify the chemical elements present into the biomaterial and surrounding tissues, for understanding the biomaterial’s degradation process. The study was complemented with a systemic literature review of the articles published between January 2000 and December 2016, that evaluated in vivo the effects of the topical application of bisphosphonates on bone regeneration/preservation in alveolar defects. A total of 154 abstracts were identified, of which 18 potentially relevant articles were selected; a final total of nine papers were included for analysis.
Histomorphometric and histologic analysis of the present pilot study demonstrated that after 4 and 8 weeks of healing, higher new bone formation for test groups (ST and LT) treated topically with pamidronate, compared with SC and LC respectively; residual graft was significantly higher in both control groups (SC and LC) compared to test (ST and LT) groups; and connective tissue percentage was higher in large defects (LC and LT) compared to small defects (SC and ST). SEM analysis revealed more mineralized bone in test groups (ST and LT) compared with control groups, demonstrated by higher percentages of Ca obtained from EDX spectroscopy.
Within the limitations of this experimental study, the findings suggest that porcine xenografts (MP3®) modified with pamidronate favours the new bone formation and increased the porcine xenograft substitution/replacement after 4 and 8 weeks of healing. These results are in accordance with the conclusions obtained from the systematic review. Despite the comparison of the findings of the selected studies was made difficult by the heterogeneity of the articles, the topical application of bisphosphonate solution would appear to favour new bone formation in alveolar defects, and boosts the regenerative capacities of biomaterials resulting in increased bone density
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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