1,721,034 research outputs found
Replication Data for: Job Loss, Credit Constraints, and Consumption Growth
No full textCrossley, Thomas, and Low, Hamish Wallace, (2014) "Job Loss, Credit Constraints, and Consumption Growth." Review of Economics and 96:5, 873-884
Replication Data for: Job Loss, Credit Constraints, and Consumption Growth
No full textCrossley, Thomas, and Low, Hamish Wallace, (2014) "Job Loss, Credit Constraints, and Consumption Growth." Review of Economics and 96:5, 873-884
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Understanding health, labour, and consumption dynamics
Full text linkThis thesis consists of three stand-alone papers that use British panel data and applied microeconomics techniques to further our understanding of health, labour and consumption dynamics. All papers are motivated by key public policy issues facing the United Kingdom at present. The first paper, 'How should we model health as a dynamic process', reviews how health has been modelled in the literature as a statistical process. It identifies improvements to better capture persistence heterogeneity and fixed effects by using sophisticated non linear panel data techniques and additional medical data. The second paper, 'Health-driven occupational changes', shows that individuals are more likely to change occupation if their health worsens, and these occupation transitions are different to the occupation transitions of comparable individuals who remain healthy. The final paper, 'The consumption choices of 'Generation Rent', evaluates how the large increase in UK housing prices impacted the housing and non-housing budget shares of young renters by estimating housing price elasticities from Quadratic Almost Ideal Demand System estimation
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Essays on the interaction between financial constraints and households
No full textThis thesis aims to advance our understanding of how credit markets, and credit market frictions, affect households. In particular, it considers how different credit conditions, driven by economic activity, financial sector activity or by government policy, can affect households’ financial constraints and ultimately, household debt and consumption dynamics. The first chapter is mainly theoretical. The second and third chapters are empirical.
The first chapter builds a DSGE model with financial frictions and macroprudential tools, such as capital requirements on banks, and loan-to-value (LTV) limits and debt service ratio (DSR) limits on household finance. It then examines how different macroprudential tools: i) affect the response of key macro aggregates to aggregate economic shocks; ii) interact with each other and with monetary policy; and iii) affect household welfare. It finds that capital requirements can reduce the effects of financial shocks on the real economy. LTV limits on household finance are not sufficient, on their own, to constrain household indebtedness in booms, though can be used with capital requirements to keep households’ debt-service ratios under control. Finally, DSR limits lead to a decrease in the volatility of inflation, and are thus welfare improving relative to any other macroprudential tool.
In the second chapter, I use matched microdata for the UK to estimate two distinct channels via which credit supply shocks affect household mortgage debt: one that operates through price conditions in credit markets; and another that operates through non-price credit conditions and affects the quantity of household credit supplied by lenders. I find substantial heterogeneity in the different channels by age, financial situation, borrower type and income. For instance, young households and home-owners respond exclusively to non-price credit conditions, while first-time buyers, middle-income households and middle-aged borrowers increase debt following shocks to either type of credit conditions. In aggregate, household leverage responds more strongly to supply shocks that change the quantity of credit, as they affect households across the distribution, both at the intensive and at the extensive margin. But a loosening in price and non-price credit conditions simultaneously or a contraction in multiple price indicators at a time can also fuel rapid credit growth.
The third chapter uses UK transaction-level data to examine who accessed mortgage payment holidays (PH) during the Covid-19 crisis and how this government policy affected household consumption and debt behaviour. It finds that mortgage PH were used by households with pre-existing financial vulnerabilities and by buy-to-let investors. Households used the additional liquidity from mortgage PH to smooth consumption and to rebuild their balance sheets in 2020. In particular, among liquidity-constrained households, those on mortgage PH had substantially higher annual consumption growth and credit card repayments compared to those non-eligible for the policy. Among more financially stable households, mortgage PH led to higher saving rates and personal loan repayments
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