1,720,965 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
Character recognition in historical documents: Handwritten, cursive and printed documents
No full text“Character recognition” refers to the procedure of ‘reading’ text using a computer, taking as input a document image as well as to the conversion of the document image to electronic text. This dissertation focuses on the segmentation of handwritten document images to the basic semantic units that comprise them, namely text lines and words. Concerning the problem of text line segmentation, we developed a new methodology whose novelties are: (i) an efficient block-based Hough transform in which voting occurs on the basis of equally spaced blocks after splitting of the connected components’ bounding box; (ii) a partitioning of the connected component domain into three spatial sub-domains, for which a different processing strategy of the corresponding connected components can be employed; and (iii) the efficient separation of vertically connected parts of text lines. The proposed text line segmentation methodology has been evaluated against other state-of-the-art text line segmentation methodologies and has proven to achieve better results. Concerning the word segmentation stage, we developed two different methodologies. Concerning the first methodology, the decision on whether a gap is between two words or inside a single word, we proposed a threshold which is calculated making use of several characteristics of the document image. On the second approach, we make use of a well-known methodology in the field of unsupervised clustering, the Gaussian mixture modeling in order to classify the gaps into each class. Experimental results prove the efficiency of the proposed methodologies. Finally, a novel two stage evaluation methodology for word segmentation techniques is proposed. This methodology treats the distance computation stage and the gap classification stage independently, in contrast to current evaluation methodologies for word segmentationΟ όρος «αναγνώριση χαρακτήρων» αφορά στην ‘ανάγνωση’ κειμένου από τον υπολογιστή ξεκινώντας από μία εικόνα κειμένου και στην μετατροπή της σε ηλεκτρονικό κείμενο. Στα πλαίσια της διδακτορικής διατριβής μελετήθηκε το στάδιο της κατάτμησης των χειρογράφων και αναπτύχθηκαν νέες μέθοδοι για την κατάτμηση τους στα βασικά στοιχεία που τα αποτελούν, δηλαδή στις γραμμές κειμένου και στις λέξεις. Αναφορικά με το πρόβλημα της κατάτμησης ενός εγγράφου σε γραμμές κειμένου, αναπτύχθηκε μία νέα μεθοδολογία η οποία στηρίζεται στον μετασχηματισμό Hough. Η καινοτομία της προτεινόμενης μεθοδολογίας συνίσταται στα εξής: (ι) εφαρμογή ενός τροποποιημένου μετασχηματισμού Hough στον οποίο η ψηφοφορία στον πίνακα συσσώρευσης γίνεται χρησιμοποιώντας σημεία από blocks ίσου πλάτους τα οποία προκύπτουν από διάσπαση των συνδεδεμένων τμημάτων (connected components), (ii) η διαμέριση του χώρου των συνδεδεμένων τμημάτων σε 3 υποχώρους τα συνδεδεμένα τμήματα των οποίων υπόκεινται σε διαφορετική επεξεργασία και (iii) αποδοτικός διαχωρισμός τμημάτων γειτονικών γραμμών που εφάπτονται. Αναφορικά με την κατάτμηση εικόνας εγγράφου στις λέξεις που την αποτελούν, αναπτύχθηκαν δύο μεθοδολογίες. Στην πρώτη μεθοδολογία, η απόφαση αν ένα κενό είναι μεταξύ λέξεων ή μεταξύ χαρακτήρων σε ίδια λέξη στηρίζεται στον προσδιορισμό ενός κατωφλίου το οποίο υπολογίζεται χρησιμοποιώντας βασικά γεωμετρικά χαρακτηριστικά της εικόνας. Σύμφωνα με τη δεύτερη μεθοδολογία, το πρόβλημα αυτό αντιμετωπίζεται χρησιμοποιώντας μία μέθοδο μη καθοδηγούμενης ομαδοποίησης (unsupervised clustering), που βασίζεται σε μοντελοποίηση με χρήση μίξης Gaussian κατανομών (Gaussian Mixture Modeling). Πειραματικά αποτελέσματα έδειξαν ότι οι τεχνικές αυτές έχουν καλύτερες επιδόσεις, σε σχέση με άλλες τεχνικές της βιβλιογραφίας. Επίσης, αναπτύχθηκε μία νέα μεθοδολογία αποτίμησης των μεθοδολογιών κατάτμησης λέξεων, δύο σταδίων. Η συγκεκριμένη μεθοδολογία αντιμετωπίζει το στάδιο υπολογισμού της απόστασης γειτονικών τμημάτων και το στάδιο ταξινόμησης των αποστάσεων ανεξάρτητα, σε αντίθεση με τις υπάρχουσες μεθοδολογίες αποτίμησης των μεθοδολογιών κατάτμησης λέξεων
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