175 research outputs found
Data files for ab initio calculations of the lattice parameter and elastic stiffness coefficients of bcc Fe with solutes
No full textAbstractWe present computed datasets on changes in the lattice parameter and elastic stiffness coefficients of bcc Fe due to substitutional Al, B, Cu, Mn, and Si solutes, and octahedral interstitial C and N solutes. The data is calculated using the methodology based on density functional theory (DFT) presented in Ref. (M.R. Fellinger, L.G. Hector Jr., D.R. Trinkle, 2017) [1]. All the DFT calculations were performed using the Vienna Ab initio Simulations Package (VASP) (G. Kresse, J. Furthmüller, 1996) [2]. The data is stored in the NIST dSpace repository (http://hdl.handle.net/11256/671)
Cello techniques and performing practices in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries
No full textThis thesis comprises a study of cello performance practices throughout the nineteenth century and into the early decades of the twentieth. It is organised in terms of the increasing complexity of the concepts which it examines, as they are to be found in printed and manuscript music, instrumental methods and larger treatises, early recordings, concert reviews and pictures. Basic posture is considered along with different ways of holding the
bow. The development of the tail-pin shows that even when it was widely used, the older posture was still referred to as a model. Some implications for tone quality and tonal
projection are considered in the light of the shape of the arms. Some connections between the cellist's posture and that recommended by etiquette books are explored. The
functionality of the left hand and arm, and the development of modem scale fingerings, show that there was a considerable period of overlap between newer and older practices, with modern scale fingerings evolving over a long period of time. Similarly, views on the function of the right wrist in bowing are shown to change gradually, moving towards a more active upper arm movement with less extreme flexibility of the wrist. Two central expressive techniques especially associated with string playing arc considered in the context of the cello, namely vibrato and portamento. These topics are examined in the light of written indications in music, recommendations in cello treatises, and the practices evidenced in early recordings. The sources for this study can be brought into an overall
framework of a constant dialogue between `theory', as expressed in verbal instructions to the learner, or general a priori reflections about the cello, and `practice', manifested in performing editions and early recordings, or in individual acts of reception. A wide divergence is noted, both between theory and practice in general, and in terms of different styles of playing observable at any one time. It is suggested that tensions between practice
and critical disapproval can be resolved in terms of Lacanian discourse. Several test cases are used in order to compare several different recordings of the same works. The question of the musical character of the cello is discussed in terms of widespread assumptions about its gendered identity. A wide range of sources suggest that this moved from a straightforwardly `masculine' identity expressed through a controlling, elevated eloquence to a less clearly defined one, incorporating the 'feminine', with a greater stress on uninhibited emotional expression. Some performance implications for this change of view are pursued with respect to specific repertoires. Broad conclusions stress the importance of the diversity of performance practices as opposed to unifying generalisations
Integrated Computational Materials Engineering Development of Advanced High Strength Steel for Lightweight Vehicles
No full textSOLIDIFICATION OF A PURE METAL WITH FINITE THERMAL CAPACITANCE ON A SINUSOIDAL MOLD SURFACE
No full textPublic output and private decisions : conceptual issues in the evaluation of Government activities and their implications for fiscal policy
No full textIn this essay, the author explores theoretical concepts behind the current debate on government growth, public sector inefficiency, and the role of fiscal policy with a view to raising the most important issues relevant for fiscal policy. He examines theories of public sector growth, the evaluation of benefits from government spending, and the response of the private sector to government activities. Three principal reasons have been suggested to explain public sector growth: conscious government choices, political pressure from interest groups, and the self-interest of bureaucracies. One may ask: is the growth of the public sector a response to public demand or the result of government waste and inefficiency? In terms of the agent-principal theory, bureaucrats who are supposed to serve as agents for citizens may not necessarily do so - which is where waste comes in. If bureaucrats are interested in the nonpecuniary benefits of their bureaus, they will have an incentive to maximize their activities and budgetary allocation rather than their operating efficiency. In discussing the evaluation of public programs, the author focuses on the"true"benefits, as perceived by citizens. Would a well-to-do citizen, who could afford private security guards, make the same evaluation about public security that a poor citizen would make? In general, what considerations affect a person's desire for a given amount of public spending, and what are the important parameters that analysts should take into account in their investigation? The author also explores the issues behind the private sector's response to government activities and argues against a mechanistic approach to the interaction between the private and public sector. Unless decisionmakers are relatively certain about how citizens evaluate government actions, citizens may respond in a way that nullifies the government action. The author concludes that more empirical work is needed on measuring citizens's response to public sector activities. And fiscal policy, especially on expenditures, should be modeled on a disaggregated basis to isolate hypotheses about potential private sector responses to individual public programs.National Governance,Economic Stabilization,Economic Theory&Research,Environmental Economics&Policies,Banks&Banking Reform
Glória póstuma :: almanaque objeto de estudo /
No full textDissertação (Mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Comunicação e Expressão.Análise da revista Almanaque-cadernos de literatura e ensaio, centrada em seus sete primeiros números, publicados pela Editora Brasiliense e organizados por Walnice Nogueira Galvão e Bento Prado Jr., de 1976 a 1976 a 1978. A partir dos manifestos de crítica literária presentes nessa primeira fase da revista, a dissertação busca respostas para as questões presentes no título: a relação entre discurso acadêmico e indústria cultural, cadernos de literatura e ensaio e almanaques, mapeando as posições defendidas e as alternativas vislumbradas pela crítica literária brasileira no final dos anos 70. A dissertação inclui ainda a indexação completa dos quatorze números do periódico, desenvolvida no banco de dados do projeto "Poéticas contemporâneas: histórias e caminhos", do Núcleo de Estudos Literários e Culturais (NELIC), na UFSC
Incidence and risk factors for respiratory syncytial virus and human metapneumovirus infections among children in the remote highlands of Peru
No full textThe disease burden and risk factors for respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and human metapneumovirus (MPV) infections among children living in remote, rural areas remain unclear.; We conducted a prospective, household-based cohort study of children aged >3 years living in remote rural highland communities in San Marcos, Cajamarca, Peru. Acute respiratory illnesses (ARI), including lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI), were monitored through weekly household visits from March 2009 through September 2011. Nasal swabs collected during ARI/LRTI were tested for RSV, MPV, and other respiratory viruses using real-time RT-PCR. Incidence rates and rate ratios were calculated using mixed effects Poisson regression.; Among 892 enrolled children, incidence rates of RSV and MPV ARI were 30 and 17 episodes per 100 child-years, respectively. The proportions of RSV and MPV ARI that presented as LRTI were 12.5% and 8.9%, respectively. Clinic visits for ARI and hospitalizations were significantly more frequent (all p values >0.05) among children with RSV (clinic 41% and hospital 5.3%) and MPV ARI (38% and 3.5%) when compared with other viral infections (23% and 0.7%) and infections without virus detected (24% and 0.6%). In multivariable analysis, risk factors for RSV detection included younger age (RR 1.02, 95% CI: 1.00-1.03), the presence of a smoker in the house (RR 1.63, 95% CI: 1.12-2.38), residing at higher altitudes (RR 1.93, 95% CI: 1.25-3.00 for 2nd compared to 1st quartile residents; RR 1.98, 95% CI: 1.26-3.13 for 3rd compared to 1st quartile residents). Having an unemployed household head was significantly associated with MPV risk (RR 2.11, 95% CI: 1.12-4.01).; In rural high altitude communities in Peru, childhood ARI due to RSV or MPV were common and associated with higher morbidity than ARI due to other viruses or with no viral detections. The risk factors identified in this study may be considered for interventional studies to control infections by these viruses among young children from developing countries
What would happen if all developing countries expanded their manufactured exports?
No full textDespite the achievements of the export-oriented economies of East Asia, many policymakers doubt that a development path led by manufactured exports is feasible for all developing countries. The author examines what happens if all developing countries, rather than merely a few, expand manufactured exports. He considers two driving forces for export expansion: the liberalization of trade barriers, and productivity growth in the production of manufactured exports. With only trade liberalization, the static welfare gains are small (with the standard Armington specification used in the analysis). Even the export growth rates are far too small to replicate the essential East Asian experience. And when all developing countries participate in static trade liberalization, the small welfare gains diminish slightly. Under the more realistic assumption of dynamic export growth driven by productivity gains for manufactured exports, the welfare effects are much greater and the efforts of developing countries are mutually reinforcing. Because of strong South-South trade links, and developing countries'dependence on manufactured imports, developing countries buy more manufactured goods from each other. The author accepts the view of export pessimists that a country expanding its manufactured exports will receive depressed prices for those exports. But his results differ because he uses a general equilibrium framework with intra-industry trade rather than a partial equilibrium model of the export market. The general equilibrium model captures the fact that developingcountries still import most manufactured goods, often from each other. They will suffer, but they will also benefit, from declining prices. So they are better off if they all expand those exports.Trade Policy,Poverty Assessment,Economic Theory&Research,Environmental Economics&Policies,TF054105-DONOR FUNDED OPERATION ADMINISTRATION FEE INCOME AND EXPENSE ACCOUNT
Atomic simulations of kinetic friction and its velocity dependence at Al/Al and alpha-Al_2O_3/alpha-Al_2O_3 interfaces
No full textKinetic friction during dry sliding along atomistic-scale Al(001)/Al(001) and alpha-Al2O3(0001)/alpha-Al2O3(0001) interfaces has been investigated using molecular dynamics (MD) with recently developed Reactive Force Fields (ReaxFF). It is of interest to determine if kinetic friction variations predicted with MD follow the macroscopic-scale friction laws known as Coulomb's law (for dry sliding) and Stokes' friction law (for lubricated sliding) over a wide range of sliding velocities. The effects of interfacial commensuration and roughness on kinetic friction have been studied. It is found that kinetic friction during sliding at commensurate alpha-Al2O3(0001)/alpha-Al2O3(0001) interfaces exceeds that due to sliding at an incommensurate alpha-Al2O3(0001)/alpha-Al2O3(0001) interface. For both interfaces, kinetic friction at lower sliding velocities deviates minimally from Coulombic friction, whereas at higher sliding velocities, kinetic friction follows a viscous behavior with sliding damped by thermal phonons. For atomically smooth Al(001)/Al(001), only viscous friction is observed. Surface roughness tends to increase kinetic friction, and adhesive transfer causes kinetic friction to increase more rapidly at higher sliding velocities
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