1,720,983 research outputs found
Social Origins and University Drop-Out During the Great Recession: The Role of the Field of Study
Full text linkThis paper analyzes how the Great Recession affected the drop-out rate among
university students in Italy, and whether their chosen field of study moderated its effect.
To examine the potential effects of the crisis on social inequality, we also explore
whether students from less-advantaged families who were enrolled in prestigious
courses of study were those pushed out of university in disproportionally high numbers.
We investigate the interacting influence of economic crisis, social inequalities and field
of study on drop-out rate using data from the Istat “Survey on the educational and
occupational paths of high school graduates” in two cohorts of university students.
Results using propensity score matching show that the economic crisis had a negative
effect on university participation. In addition, students from lower socio-economic
backgrounds in the most remunerative fields of study tended to leave university more
often than their well-off peers
Better than whom? Methodological and substantial considerations emerged while going beyond a plain comparison of school performance in Trentino and in nearby provinces.
No full textThe chapter aims to analyse the specificity of the case of the Autonomous province of Trento, questioning whether it is possible to speak of Trentino as an area of high learning. We analyse two dimensions related to school performance: the learning in Italian and Mathematics and social inequalities based on gender, migration background and parental education. The analyti-cal strategy is based on the comparison of the province of Trento with the rest of the country, the North-East and the neighbouring provinces, controlling for a relevant set of observed characteristics to obtain estimates not biased by compositional effects. The results show that the advantage of Trentino disappears substantially once the comparison is made with contiguous geo-graphical areas and that even in terms of equity the situation is similar with respect to the neighbouring provinces
Education and Social Cohesion in Europe: Testing the Post-Modernization Thesis
No full textIn this paper, I test predictions coming from the modernization thesis by examining the relationships between social cohesion and educational at-tainment in Europe. Social cohesion is measured using indices of institu-tional trust, solidarity, and political and socio-cultural participation. I ex-plore how education influences social cohesion and interacts with coun-try-level characteristics, based on the assumption that the transition to modernized societies diminishes the role of economic resources in shap-ing lifestyles and opportunities. As a result, education is expected to play a crucial role in influencing social cohesion in these societies. Two hy-potheses are tested: (1) education has a stronger impact on social cohe-sion in more modernized countries, and (2) education is more influential than social class in shaping social cohesion, particularly in these coun-tries. Using multilevel models and structural equation modelling, I analyse data from the European Value Study. The results demonstrate that a higher level of education is associated mainly with greater social and po-litical participation, and that this effect is significantly stronger in more modernized countries, partially supporting the proposed hypotheses
La piattaforma commonfare.net
No full textL’obiettivo dell’evento #CommonFareTrentino (Impact Hub Trento, 21 aprile 2017) è stato quello di aprire il dibattito sul Commonfare anche in Trentino e tentare di risolvere un'anomalia. L’anomalia – certo non decisiva nello sviluppo del progetto, ma comunque significativa – sta nel fatto che il progetto PIE News / Commonfare (finanziato a livello Europeo fino a giugno 2019), attività con l'orizzonte di sviluppare la piattaforma Commonfare.net in ottica di sostenibilità post-progettuale, vede il territorio all’interno del quale è stato in buona parte ideato (il Trentino) non coinvolto come pilot, ossia come contesto/luogo entro il quale co-sviluppare ed adottare la piattaforma con la partecipazione di popolazione, associazioni e istituzioni.
Spinti dall’interesse dimostrato da parte del pubblico, gli atti di questa tavola rotonda intendono essere una pietra angolare per il futuro sviluppo del Commonfare anche in Trentino, attraverso la piattaforma commonfare.net
The impact of needs-based scholarship on academic performances: evidence from three Italian universities
No full textThe aim of the paper is twofold. First, we estimate the effect of the needs-based scholarship (i.e., the EDISU grant) in the three universities located in the Piedmont region (University of Turin, the Polytechnic of Turin and the University of Piemonte Orientale) on dropout, timely graduation, number of CFUs obtained and GPA achieved. Second, we examine the factors that may influence the retention of the grant. We rely on administrative records for students who first enrolled at the university in autumn 2016. The first part of the paper is more descriptive and we focus on the retention of the grant, looking at the role played by socio-demographic characteristics and previous schooling. In the second part of the study, we use a regression discontinuity design to identify the causal effect of the EDISU grant on academic performance (i.e., drop-out, GPA, number of credits and late graduation), comparing students in the neighbourhood of the ISEE threshold (indicator of the equivalent economic condition of the household) that certifies eligibility for the gran
Study on Distributional Impact Assessment
Full text linkThis study first aims to understand to what extent and how do EU Member States make use of (ex-ante) distributional impact assessment (DIA) for budgetary measures. It also aims to identify the main reasons limiting the use of DIA in Draft Budgetary Plans (DBPs) and to assess the degree of similarity in the use of DIA among Euro Area Member States. The study then aims to provide suggestions for increasing the use of DIA in EU Member States and suggestions regarding the design of a possible EU Common Framework in this area. The study shows that, even if most of the Member States performed at least some DIA in recent years for budgetary matters, they could still do much more in this respect and that they (Euro Area Member States) rarely included DIA in their Draft Budgetary Plans due to organisational issues (e.g., lack of time and no specific request from the ministerial hierarchy). To encourage the use of DIA as well as its inclusion in budgetary documents, such as the DBPs, the study makes several suggestions to both the European Commission (such as hosting workshops on DIA for Member States and offering to interested Member States some guidance on DIA) and to the Member States (depending on their frequency of DIA use). Most of these suggestions to the Member States are then further structured into a possible EU Common Framework for DIA use in official documents (including in DBPs), which aims to help interested Member States to increase their use of DIA and ensure its
quality. This Framework is split into two different sets of suggestions which reflect two possible levels of ambition for Member States regarding their use of DIA (a basic level and an advanced level). The basic level, which proposes good practices for DIA, would aim to help some of the EU Member States (those with no or little DIA use) to perform more DIA (and of sufficient quality). The second level – acting as an additional layer on top of the basic level and proposing best practices for DIA - would aim to help those Member States with more frequent DIA use to perform more advanced forms of DIA
Social origins and the decision to leave university during the Great recession: the role of the field of study
No full textThe recent economic downturn has had profound influences on contemporary European societies. This paper analyzes how the Great Recession affected the drop-out rate among university students in Italy, and whether their chosen field of study moderated its effect. To examine the potential long-term effects of this economic downturn on social inequality, we also explore whether students from less-advantaged families who enrolled in prestigious fields were those pushed out from university in disproportionally high numbers. We investigate the interacting influence of the economic crisis, social inequalities and field of study on drop-out rate using data from the Istat “Survey on the educational and occupational paths of high school graduates” in two cohorts of university students (one who attended university prior to and one during the Great Recession). Results obtained from propensity score matching show that the economic crisis had a negative effect on university participation, which was however less strong for Medicine students. Students from lower socio-economic backgrounds in the most remunerative fields of study (those leading to liberal professions), tended to leave university more often than their well-off peers
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
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