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La ricostruzione paleoclimatico-ambientale dell’Appennino umbro-marchigiano, durante il Pleistocene Medio e Superiore,\ud attraverso lo studio dei depositi in Grotta
No full textAmong the natural archives were formed in continental environments, have a prominent place the concretions in caves (speleothems) and fine sediments. In fact, the karst caves are traps sediments as paleoenvironmental information is generally stored in the memory of what happens around them, including the external system, where processes of erosion and alteration, generally, they suppress any evidence of previous environmental evolution.\ud
In recent decades, the research related to the study of the physico-chemical properties of concretional deposits (speleothems), or the fine sediments in the cave, was consequently a considerable acceleration in particular with regard to the paleoclimatic and paleoenvironmental reconstructions for the Quaternary.\ud
The caves represent, then, very important sites of research of the fossil plant that, trapped in sediments, in calcite or/and gypsum concretions, allow to palinologist and geologist to discover plant change through geological ages and, then, the climate variations during the Quaternary age.\ud
The goal of this thesis is the study of a caves in the umbro-marchean Apennines (Marche region, central Italy) and, in particular, the two karts complexes: karst Complex of Frasassi and karst Complex of Caprelle.\ud
This research has been led on two fronts strictly interrelated, one of geomorphological/geochronological study and the second of palinological analysis. The second allowed the paleoclimatic and paleoflora-vegetation\ud
reconstruction when the two karst complexes were going to be formed and gave a contribute to chronological placement of deposits.\ud
This research began by collecting samples in Frasassi Complex (10 samples belonging to different karst levels and in different caves of the wide Complex) and in Caprelle Complex (9 samples collected at different sites and\ud
depth, down to about 75 metres). Sampled sediments have been treated for pollen extraction (this method provides deflocculation by Na-pyrophosphate 10%, solution of carbonates by HCl 10%, acetolysis by Erdtman 1960, enrichment with heavy liquid Na-metatungstate hydrate, solution of silicates by HF 40%), in the Paleobotany and Pollen Analysis Laboratory of Modena and Reggio Emilia\ud
University. The results gave an enough pollen quantity, from some studied samples, and the data are consistent with the typology of substrates usually studied in speleo-palinology. Collected pollen, as expected, had a good/excellent state of conservation, so to allow an easier identification.\ud
Through the study of these two karst complexes, this research intends to give a contribute to the knowledge of environmental elements, to the reconstruction of paleoenvironmental and paleoclimatic of the karst area in the umbro-marchean area, in some cases obtaining documents handy to understanding cave’s and deposits genesis, during the karst complex evolution.\ud
The whole umbro-marchean Apennines is constituted by sedimentary rocks (CALAMITA & PIERANTONI, 1993; DEIANA et al., 2002). Also on the ground are well clear the effects of the deforming and compressive tectonic phases,\ud
happened during the Neogene, and of extensional ones happened during the Quaternary. During this last period, at last, most evident alterations of landscape result caused by surface and depth karst processes with genesis of caves\ud
(speleogenesis).\ud
Such researches were begun in bogs, swamps and ponds, in the sixties and carried on till nowdays, enriched since the eighties by palinological analysis conducted in hypogeum environments. Deposits of Frasassi e Caprelle have given\ud
an important contribute to paleoenvironmental reconstruction of Pleistocene in Italy and particularly in Central Italy. Various past and recent italian sequences\ud
have been analysed, based on pollen data quality and an adeguate chronostratigraphy reference frame, and were indispensable for doing a comparison with palinological records of karst complexes of Frasassi and Caprelle.\ud
In the study of cave sediments is very important to pay attention to the site where collect samples, in order to grant the possibility to find pollen in good quantity and so have the possibility to interrelate palinological analysis and geomorphological and geochronological data (absolute and relative chronologies).\ud
In Italy, only eight cave sites were studied by a palinological point of view. In some of these sites, as Grotta di Salomone and Sant’Angelo (Abruzzo region),\ud
concretions were studied, whereas on other caves palinological analysis were focused depth deposits. In Buco Bucone cave, in Grotta di Valle delle Vacche cave, in the Caprelle and Frasassi complexes sample sites were not at the surface but at a depth of 150 metres. Before this thesis, in Central Italy only three caves have been analysed by a palinological point of view
FIGURES 39–46 in A new cave species of Deuteraphorura (Collembola: Onychiuridae) and redescription of four species of the genus from Italy
No full textFIGURES 39–46. Deuteraphorura pseudoghidinii: 39, dorsal chaetotaxy; 40, ventral chaetotaxy of the abdominal sterna; 41, ventral chaetotaxy of the head and labium; 42, postantennal organ; 43, antennal III sense organ; 44, labial chaetotaxy of labial palp; 45, chaetotaxy of the antenna; 46, distal part of leg III.Published as part of Fanciulli, Pietro Paolo, Loreti, Mara & Dallai, Romano, 2010, A new cave species of Deuteraphorura (Collembola: Onychiuridae) and redescription of four species of the genus from Italy, pp. 34-54 in Zootaxa 2609 on page 47, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.19777
Deuteraphorura cebennaria Gisin 1956
No full textDeuteraphorura cebennaria (Gisin, 1956) Onyciurus difficilis Dallai, 1969: 235 –236, syn. nov. At the beginning of this work we also considered the species Deuteraphorura difficilis (Dallai, 1969); however some of the characters used for its definition appeared uncertain and doubtfull. The species is very similar to Deuteraphorura cebennaria (Gisin, 1956) and the only character that allowed to distinguish the both forms was the ratio of M/s on Abd. V (1.5–1.8 in D. difficilis and 2 –2.5 in D. cebennaria). Therefore, in order to assess their reciprocal status, we compared the type material of both species. Type material of D. difficilis : holotype (female) and 6 paratypes (5 females, 1 male) on slides in Collembolan collection, Department of Evolutionary Biology, University of Siena. Holotype and 1 paratype labelled as “ Onychiurus difficilis, Montecristo 1 -V- 1967 (leg. R. Dallai)”; 5 paratypes (females) labelled as “ Onychiurus difficilis, Capraia, 19 -III- 1967 (leg. R. Dallai)”. Topotypes (8 females) in alcohol collection labelled “Montecristo, 20 -III- 1971, Cala Maestra, vicino la casa (leg. R. Dallai)”. Type material of D. cebennaria : holotype and 2 paratypes on the same slide from the Collembolan collection (ex coll. Gisin) at the Museum of Natural History of Geneve. Holotype from Aven Marzal (Caves in Cervenne, France); paratype Kg 22 from cave à Margot (près de Mains?), 8 / 9 -VIII- 1954 (leg. P. Strinati); paratype Kg 37 from Grotte de Fais, Les Baux (Bouche de Rhône) 5 -III- 1957 (leg. P. Strinati). We failed to find significant morphological differences between the two species, therefore the synonymy of D. difficilis with D. cebennaria has been proposed.Published as part of Fanciulli, Pietro Paolo, Loreti, Mara & Dallai, Romano, 2010, A new cave species of Deuteraphorura (Collembola: Onychiuridae) and redescription of four species of the genus from Italy, pp. 34-54 in Zootaxa 2609 on page 49, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.19777
Deuteraphorura
No full textKey for the Italian species of Deuteraphorura (based on dorsal and ventral formula of pseudocelli) 1 Thoracic tergum I without pseudocelli........................................................................................................................ 2 - Thoracic tergum I with 1 + 1 pseudocelli..................................................................................................................... 9 2 Hind margin of the head with 3 + 3 pseudocelli............................................................................................................ 3 - Hind margin of the head with 2 + 2 pseudocelli............................................................................................................ 4 3 Pseudocellar formula of abdominal sterna I–IV as 3212, Abd. tergum IVwith chaeta p 4............... D. pseudobosnaria - Pseudocellar formula of abdominal sterna I–IV as 1212, Abd. tergum IVwithout chaeta p 4.................... D. apuanica 4 Abdominal tergum I with 5 + 5 pseudocelli.................................................................................................. D. spipolae - Abdominal tergum I with 3 + 3 pseudocelli................................................................................................................... 5 5 Abdominal tergum V with 3 + 3 pseudocelli................................................................................................................. 6 - Abdominal tergum V with 4 + 4 pseudocelli................................................................................................................. 7 6 Pseudocellar formula of abdominal sterna I–IV as 3212, PAO with 16–17 compound vesicles, body length 1,3–1,4 mm................................................................................................................................................................ D. frasassi - Pseudocellar formula of abdominal sterna I–IV as 2212, PAO with 18–20 compound vesicles, body length 1,8–2,5 mm.................................................................................................................................................................... D. banii 7 Head ventrally with 2 + 2 pseudocelli ............................................................................................................. D. ghidinii - Head ventrally with 3 + 3 pseudocelli........................................................................................................................... 8 8 Pseudocellar formula of Abd. sterna I–IV as 3212, body length 2,4–2,6 mm, PAO with 19–21 compound vesicles, Abd. tergum IV without Ca0 chaeta .......................................................................................... D. caprelleana sp. nov. - Pseudocellar formula of Abd. sterna I–IV as 2212, body length 1,41–1,85 mm, PAO with 14–16 compound vesicles, Abd. tergum IV with Ca0 chaeta...................................................................................................... D. pseudoghidinii 9 Abdominal tergum V with 3 + 3 pseudocelli............................................................................................................... 10 - Abdominal tergum V with 4 + 4 pseudocelli................................................................................................................ 12 10 Head ventrally with 2 + 2 pseudocelli............................................................................................................ D. eduardi - Head ventrally with 3 + 3 pseudocelli.......................................................................................................................... 11 11 Pseudocellar formula of Abd. sterna I–IV as 3222....................................................................................... D. silvaria - Pseudocellar formula of Abd. sterna I–IV as 1212....................................................................... D. pseudoinsubraria 12 Head ventrally with 2 + 2 pseudocelli.......................................................................................................................... 13 - Head ventrally with 3 + 3 pseudocelli.......................................................................................................................... 14 13 Pseudocellar formula ventrally as 2 /000/ 2212, PAO with 20 compound vesicles................................ D. bergamaria - Pseudocellar formula ventrally as 2 /011/ 1212, PAO with 15 compound vesicles.................................. D. defensaria 14 Pseudocellar formula venytrally as 3 /011/ 2212......................................................................................................... 15 - Pseudocellar formula ventrally as 3 /011/ 3212........................................................................................ D. cebennaria 15 Posterior part of Abd. V with only one macrochaeta positioned laterally to the most lateral pseudocellus................................................................................................................................................................................... D. imperfecta - Posterior part of Abd. V with two macro-chaetae, one of them positioned between the medial pseudocelli, the other laterally to the most lateral one ..................................................................................................................... D. dunariaPublished as part of Fanciulli, Pietro Paolo, Loreti, Mara & Dallai, Romano, 2010, A new cave species of Deuteraphorura (Collembola: Onychiuridae) and redescription of four species of the genus from Italy, pp. 34-54 in Zootaxa 2609 on page 52, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.19777
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Deuteraphorura scotaria Gisin 1954
No full textDeuteraphorura scotaria (Gisin, 1954), Deuteraphorura bosnaria (Gisin, 1964) We also reconsidered the two species Deuteraphorura scotaria (Gisin, 1954) and Deuteraphorura bosnaria (Gisin, 1964). Dallai and Malatesta (1982), in the checklist of the Italian cave species of Collembola, reported the presence of both D. scotaria and D. bosnaria, but sampling localities were not indicated. This is probably the reason why Deharveng (2007) did not report their presence in Italy in the checklist of the European species of Deuteraphorura. Material examined of D. scotaria : 10 slides in collembolan collection, Department of Evolutionary Biology, University of Siena. Five specimens were collected from caves in North-eastern Italy. Two of them labelled as “ Onychiurus scotarius, Grotta c/o Clenia, valle del Natisone (GO), 4 -IV- 69 (leg. G. M. Paoletti)”, and the remaining three labelled as “ Onychiurus scotarius, Montello, grotta del Forame, (Bus delle Fave), 30 - IV- 72 (leg. G.M. Paoletti)”. The other five specimens were most likely collected in open habitats, as the label do not indicate that they had been found in caves. Three labelled as “ Onychiurus scotarius, Dolomiti orientali, Cortina, 15 -VIII- 1972 ” and two as “ Onychiurus scotarius, Cadore, 26 -V- 1966 ”. In these slides, the thoracic sternites II and III, revealed the presence of two different structures; one can be really regarded as a true pseudocellus, while the other, as in D. pseudobosnaria, has an atypical morphology, not resembling typical pseudocelli. Furthermore its position close to the linea ventralis is unusual. Therefore, these could not be regarded as “typical pseudocelli”. Gisin (1954) described the ventral formula of thoracic sternites of D. scotaria, as follows: “….A la face ventrale des Thorax II et III, les pseudocelles, mal développés, sont places non loin du canal central, l’un au bord anterieur du bourrelet antérieur, l’autre sur le grand bourrelet posterieur…“. This description let us suppose that a pair of observed “pseudocelli” are not in fact true pseudocelli. A similar conclusion could be drawn regarding the species D. bosnaria (Gisin, 1964), in which one of the pseudocelli on the thoracic sternites was defined by Gisin as “...et un paire rudimentaire sur le bourrelet postériore”. We examined the specimens of D. bosnaria deposited in the Collembolan collection, Department of Evolutionary Biology, University of Siena. Material examined of Onychiurus bosnarius. Two slides labelled as “ Onychiurus bosnarius; Cansiglio, Bus dell’orso (TV humus) 1 -X- 72 (leg. M.G. Paoletti)” and two additional ones of juvenile specimens, labelled as “ Onychiurus cf bosnarius Prealpi venete, Bus dei Notoli, S. Michele di Feletto (TV), 9 -XI- 69. (leg. M.G. Paoletti)” (bus meaning “cave” in the local dialect). Also in these specimens, the pseudocellar formula of sternites II and III is difficult to interpret due to a pair of pseudocelli that, as in the previous species, display an atypical shape and position. Given the difficulty to ascertain the actual status of the ventral pseudocellar formula in these two species we deemed it more appropriate to reconsider the type material of all species described by Gisin (D. scotaria, D. bosnaria and D. ossaria) as displaying “022” pseudocelli in the thoracic sternites for a further future note.Published as part of Fanciulli, Pietro Paolo, Loreti, Mara & Dallai, Romano, 2010, A new cave species of Deuteraphorura (Collembola: Onychiuridae) and redescription of four species of the genus from Italy, pp. 34-54 in Zootaxa 2609 on pages 49-50, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.19777
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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