1,720,965 research outputs found
Importancia del screening para la detección de displasia anal grave en población de riesgo
Get PDFLa incidencia del cáncer anal está aumentando, sobre todo en grupos de riesgo como: pacientes
con Virus de la Inmunodeficiencia Humana (VIH), pacientes con Virus del Papiloma Humano
(VPH), prácticas homosexuales y trasplantados entre otros. Además, los pacientes que presentan
coinfección VPH/VIH tienen un mayor riesgo de sufrir cáncer anal. Esto es debido a la aparición
de cambios en las células de la mucosa anal, conocido como displasia anal, donde el grado medio
y alto de displasia se correlaciona con la progresión a cáncer, es por ello que también son
llamadas lesiones precancerosas. En este estudio se pretende analizar la cantidad de displasia
anal grave o carcinoma anal escamoso detectada en un grupo de pacientes VIH+VPH integrados
en un programa de detección precoz y compararla con el número de estas patologías
diagnosticadas en un grupo similar de pacientes no sometidos a screening . Para ello se ha
querido diseñar un estudio de casos y controles retrospectivo. Asimismo, se analizará la
rentabilidad clínica de tener un programa de screening con el fin de disminuir la incidencia de
cáncer anal en pacientes de riesgo. Debido a que el cáncer es una enfermedad multifactorial,
existen por tanto, otros factores de riesgo que debemos de tener en cuenta, pues también
aumentarán el riesgo de cáncer, por lo que se incluiría: la edad, el consumo de tabaco, adherencia
al tratamiento antirretroviral, carga viral, grado de inmunosupresión, la realización de prácticas
de riesgo, número de citologías y biopsias y resultados de las biopsias realizadas en todos los
pacientes seleccionados para el estudio. Se espera observar un incremento del número de
displasias anales en los pacientes de screening y del cáncer anal en aquellos pacientes que no han
sido seguidos por medio de un programa de screening, e igualmente demostrar la efectividad
clínica de un programa de screening en los grupos de riesgo.The incidence of anal cancer is increasing, especially in risk groups such as: HIV patients,
patients with HPV, homosexual practices and transplants among others. In addition, patients with
HPV / HIV coinfection have an increased risk of anal cancer. This is due to changes that appear
in the cells of the epithelial mucosa, known as anal dysplasia or precursor lesions of cancer,
where intermediate grade and high grade are correlationated with progression to cancer anal.
This study aims to analyze the amount of high anal dysplasia or anal carcinoma detected in a
group of HIV + HPV patients integrated into an early detection program and to compare it with
the number of these pathologies diagnosed in a similar group of patients not screened for this
purpose. We wanted to design a retrospective case-control study. Likewise, the profitability of
having a screening program will be analyzed in order to reduce the incidence of anal cancer in
patients at risk. Because cancer is a multifactorial disease, there are therefore other risk factors
that we must analyze too, cause they will also increase the risk of cancer, which would include:
age, tobacco, adherence with antiretroviral treatment, viral charge, degree of
immunosuppression, the performance of risk practices, number of cytology and biopsies and also
the results of biopsies performed in all selected patients. It is expected to observe an increase in
high anal dysplasia in those patients who have been followed through a screening program and
an increase in anal carcinoma in those patients who have not been followed through it, and also
demonstrate the clinical effectiveness of a screening program in risk groups
Síndrome de Lynch en Tenerife. Implicaciones clínicas, genéticas, diagnósticas, profilácticas y terapéuticas
Get PDFEl síndrome de Lynch es una enfermedad hereditaria que se define por la presencia de tumores de diversa localización, siendo los más frecuentes los colorrectales y endometrio. En el origen de este síndrome se encuentra la mutación en uno de los genes implicados en la reparación del ADN o sistema mismatch repair. Este estudio identifica la población de riesgo, describe su espectro tumoral en relación a la Comunidad Autónoma de Canarias y demostra la mutación causante de dicha enfermedad. Los resultados demuestran una predisposición al desarrollo de tumores colorrectales y de endometrio a una edad temprana en la población con criterios diagnósticos para la enfermedad y la descripción, por primera vez en la literatura, de la asociación con un leiomiosarcoma y de una mutación en el exón 13 del gen MSH2
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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