177,518 research outputs found
Rhamma dawkinsi Prieto & Lorenc-Brudecka 2017, sp.nov.
No full textRhamma dawkinsi PrieTo & Lorenc-Brudecka sp.nov. (Figures 3, 4, 10, 11, 12) Type material. Holotype male: COLOMBIA, Antioquia, Belmira, Páramo de Belmira, 3100 m, 05/01/2011, specimen number: RCCP m1309, CP Lep 0 0 99, GWOTI669-12; BOLD:ABX0547; C. Prieto Leg. The holotype is deposited in ICN-MHN. Paratypes: 3 ♂ RCCP: COLOMBIA, Antioquia, Belmira, Páramo de Belmira, 3100 m, 05/01/2011, specimen numbers: m1303, m1304, m1307; C. Prieto leg.; 2 ♂ RCCP: COLOMBIA, Antioquia, Belmira, Páramo de Belmira, 3100 m, 02/08/2015, specimen numbers: m1872, m1871; C. Prieto leg.; 3 ♀ RCCP: COLOMBIA, Antioquia, Belmira, Páramo de Belmira, 3100 m, 05/01/2011, specimen numbers: m1305, m1306, m1308, C. Prieto leg. This new species belongs to Rhamma shares the following combination of characters with all other species of Rhamma: 1) androconial scent brand appearing as an elongate streak bordering the upper vein of the discal cell apex on DFW (Fig. 3); 2) male genitalia with vinculum forming a 90 degree angle basally (Fig. 10); 3) vinculum strut strongly developed (Fig. 10); 4) ductus bursae short, robust, and with strongly developed lamella postvaginalis terminating in serrate, or multi-pronged configurations (Fig. 12); 5) fan shaped and dendritic signa (Fig. 12); 6) ductus bursae in dorsal or ventral aspect lightly sclerotized in the middle so that it appears to be transparent (Fig. 12); and 7) a ventral element associated with the 8th tergite in female genitalia (figure 3:C, J in Johnson 1992). Diagnosis. Rhamma dawkinsi appears to be a sibling species of the sympatric R. adunca as both have a very similar ventral wing pattern. Rhamma dawkinsi differs from R. adunca (Figs. 1, 2) in having a smaller anal lobe and a longer and thinner androconial cluster. Additionally, R. dawkinsi is consistently smaller than R. adunca, and the upper margin of the hindwing turns down less abruptly than in R. adunca. Genital structures are practically indistinguishable (Figs. 7, 8, 9) as in the most of the species in the genus. Description. Adult male wings. Mean forewing length 10.9 mm (measured from forewing apex to base at thorax); n = 3. Hindwing anal angle pointed, without tail at vein Cu2. Dorsal wing surface homogeneous silverblue, except for black margin extending from postmedial region of forewing and very narrow black margin (1–2 mm) on hindwing. No apparent orange scaling in anal angle. Ventral forewing surface gray with two thin, straight lighter lines (Figs. 3, 4). Conspicuous white band crossing medial area of ventral hindwing from costa to vein Cu2. Androconial cluster appearing as an elongate streak bordering ¼ of upper vein of discal cell apex on DFW. Etymology. This species is named after the eminent English ethologist, evolutionary biologist, and popularizer of Science, Richard Dawkins, for his contributions to the public understanding of evolution and his fight against irrational thinking. Biology. Males land on vegetation 1–2 m above the ground in the páramo-high Andean forest ecotone. Males appear to establish mating territories in the early afternoon around 1330 hours on the sunny edges of paths or on ridge tops. The spatial separation and the distance from the ground of the perching places of this species show a clear segregation from the individuals of R. adunca that fly on the same hilltops. Rhamma dawkinsi prefers small isolated bushes (1–2 m high) where males stay for a few minutes before leaving for another bush in a combination of perching and patrolling behaviour, whereas R. adunca males perch on leaves of small trees 4–5 m high. The immature stages, larval food plants, and adult nectar sources are unknown. Adults were captured in January and August. Distribution. The species is known only from the type locality, Páramo de Belmira in the central mountain range of the Colombian Andes, at 3100 m elevation (Fig. 15). Remarks. Differences in size, wing pattern, and behaviour, as well as sympatry with the absence of intermediate individuals between both phenotypes and molecular comparisons, combine to show that R. adunca and R. dawkinsi, sp. n., are closely related, but different species. Although associating the sexes of many Eumaeini is difficult, Rhamma dawkinsi has a restricted geographical range and the wing pattern is almost identical in both sexes. Molecular diagnostic characters. The intraspecific haplotype diversity in the available sequences (n = 3) was Hd = 3. Overall mean distance among the available sequences is 0.30%, maximum intraspecific distance is 0.31%. The lowest overall mean distance to another member of the genus is 2.98% to R. comstocki (eastern cordillera). The molecular diagnostic characters when compared with the most similar species based on morphology are in the Figure 14. A guanine in the position 453 of the mtDNA gen COI is diagnostic for this new taxon when compared with the 13 species recorded in Colombia by Prieto & Vargas (2016).Published as part of Prieto, Carlos & Lorenc-Brudecka, Jadwiga, 2017, Description of Rhamma dawkinsi (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae) a new mountain butterfly from Colombia, pp. 587-594 in Zootaxa 4338 (3) on pages 588-593, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4338.3.12, http://zenodo.org/record/103696
FIGURES 1–6 in Description of Rhamma dawkinsi (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae) a new mountain butterfly from Colombia
No full textFIGURES 1–6. Adult Rhamma specimens in dorsal (left) and ventral (right) views. 1, R. adunca male. 2, R. adunca female. 3, R. dawkinsi, sp. nov., holotype male. 4, R. dawkinsi, sp. nov., paratype female. 5, R. comstocki male. 6, R. comstocki female.Published as part of Prieto, Carlos & Lorenc-Brudecka, Jadwiga, 2017, Description of Rhamma dawkinsi (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae) a new mountain butterfly from Colombia, pp. 587-594 in Zootaxa 4338 (3) on page 589, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4338.3.12, http://zenodo.org/record/103696
FIGURES 7–12. Genital structures. 7 in Description of Rhamma dawkinsi (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae) a new mountain butterfly from Colombia
No full textFIGURES 7–12. Genital structures. 7, Rhamma adunca male genitalia in lateral view. 8, R. adunca male genitalia in ventral view (penis removed). 9, R. adunca female genitalia 10, R. dawkinsi sp. nov. male genitalia in lateral view. 11, R. dawkinsi, sp. nov., male genitalia in ventral view (penis removed). 12, R. dawkinsi, sp. nov., female genitalia.Published as part of Prieto, Carlos & Lorenc-Brudecka, Jadwiga, 2017, Description of Rhamma dawkinsi (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae) a new mountain butterfly from Colombia, pp. 587-594 in Zootaxa 4338 (3) on page 590, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4338.3.12, http://zenodo.org/record/103696
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
No full textWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Skeletal status and body composition in young women with functional hypothalamic amenorrhea.
No full textFunctional hypothalamic amenorrhea (FHA) related to hypoestrogenism and hormonal status may influence skeletal homeostasis and body composition. The study aimed to evaluate hormones concentrations, body composition and bone strength in FHA cases.
PATIENTS AND METHODS:
Total body scans using DXA method (DPX-L, GE Lunar) were performed in a group of 27 women aged 21.8 years ± 3.9 with FHA related to weight loss. References of healthy control subjects were used to calculate Z-scores (age and gender matched), SD-scores (height and gender matched), and SDs-scores (weight and gender matched). Whole skeleton bone mineral content (TBBMC, g) and density (TBBMD, g/cm(2)), lumbar spine (L2-L4) bone mineral density (SBMD; g/cm(2)), lean body mass (LBM, g) and fat mass (FM, g) were investigated. Relative bone strength index was calculated as the TBBMC/LBM ratio. Serum follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), estradiol, testosterone, and prolactin (PRL) concentrations were assayed to characterize hormonal profile of FHA cases.
RESULTS:
Hormonal evaluation in patients with FHA revealed significantly decreased serum concentrations of gonadotropins and estradiol. Serum LH concentrations were 1.47 ± 0.89 mIU/ml, FSH 4.44 ± 1.94 mIU/ml. Estradiol concentrations in serum were 27.08 ± 13.10 pg/ml. As evidenced by Z-scores, FHA cases had decreased SBMD, TBBMD and TBBMC Z-scores of -1.23 ± 0.90 (p < 0.0001), -0.72 ± 0.86 (p < 0.001), and -0.90 ± 1.40 (p < 0.01), respectively. Reduced FM, LBM and FM/LBM ratio Z-scores of -1.80 ± 2.28 (p < 0.001), -0.59 ± 1.49 (p < 0.05) and -0.74 ± 1.55 (p < 0.05), but not TBBMC/LBM Z-score of -0.54 ± 2.14 (ns) were noted in FHA cases compared with healthy control cases. TBBMC, TBBMD, TBBMC/LBM when BH- or BW-matched were normal as evidenced by SD-scores and SDs-scores. SBMD remained reduced when BH-matched (SD-score = -0.40 ± 0.86; p < 0.05) whereas FM and FM/LBM were lower than expected in healthy, both compared to BH- and BW-dependent references. The length of amenorrhea in months negatively correlated with SBMD Z-score (R = -0.39, p < 0.05), and SD-scores for SBMD (R = -0.48), TBBMD (R = -0.43), TBBMC (R = -0.46) (all p < 0.05) and positively with SDs-scores for FM (R = 0.44, p < 0.05).
CONCLUSION:
Patients with FHA were characterized by lower concentrations of serum FSH, LH and estradiol concentrations. Moreover, FHA cases had decreased FM and an imbalanced relationship between BW, FM, and LBM. Despite reduced BMD and BMC, bone strength was not significantly affected by FHA
The Mallakastra Regional Archaeological Project : First Season, 1998 / Rezultate të projektit arkeologjik rajonal të Mallakatrës : sezoni i parë 1998
No full textKorkuti Muzafer, Davis Jack, Bejko Lorenc, Galaty Michael L., Muçaj Skënder, Stocker Sharon R. The Mallakastra Regional Archaeological Project : First Season, 1998 / Rezultate të projektit arkeologjik rajonal të Mallakatrës : sezoni i parë 1998. In: Iliria, vol. 28, 1998. Simpozium ndërkombëtar 9-10 Nëntor '48 Tiranë '98. 50 Vjet Arkeologji Shqiptare. pp. 253-273
Clinicoprognostical features of endometrial cancer patients with somatic mtDNA mutations
No full textSomatic mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) mutations
have been found in a subset of endometrial cancers (EC) from
different populations. We have investigated the relationship
between mtDNA changes and clinical and pathological
variables of women affected by EC. mtDNA mutations were
detected both in early (3/32; 9%) and in advanced (1/8;
12%) stages of uterine tumors. However, patients carrying
the mtDNA mutations or the normal mtDNA sequence had
indistinguishable clinicopathological data, including age,
clinical stage, histological grade and type or depth of myometrial
invasion. It is noteworthy that mtDNA mutations
were not detected in hyperplastic endometrial tissues or in
ECs coexisting with hyperplasia, nor in a single case of
endometrial stromal sarcoma. LOH at the tumor suppressor
genes RB1 and TP53 as well as p16INK4A alterations (LOH,
gene deletion) were found in tumors carrying mtDNA
mutations. These results suggest that somatic mtDNA
mutations are detected in a subset of ECs, although they are
unrelated to clinicopathological variables of cancer
"Closing the R&D Gap, Evaluating the Sources of R&D Spending"
No full textBoth spending and tax policies have been implemented in the United States with the goal of stimulating private sector research and development (R&D). Karier questions whether current R&D policy, especially the research and experimentation tax credit, can contribute to closing the gap between nondefense expenditures on R&D in the United States and such expenditures in other countries, such as Japan and Germany. He also explores possible changes to our current R&D policy to make it more effective.
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
No full textThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Lamprospilus decorata subsp. valluna Prieto & Faynel & Lorenc-Brudecka 2023, ssp. nov.
No full text<i>Lamprospilus decorata valluna</i> ssp. nov. Prieto & Faynel <p>(Figures 7, 8, 23, 32)</p> <p> <b>Type material.</b> Holotype male: RCCP: COLOMBIA, Valle del Cauca, Aguacatal, Cerro Brisas, 1970 m, 08/08/2004, specimen number: m217</p> <p> Paratypes (n = 9): <b>3 males,</b> RCCP: same locality as holotype, 06/08/2005, specimen numbers: m476, m477, m478; <b>2 males</b>, RCCP: same locality as holotype, 09/08/2005, specimen numbers: m494, m495; <b>2 males,</b> RCCP: same locality as holotype, specimen numbers: m262, m263; <b>1male,</b> RCCP: same locality as holotype, specimen number: m528; <b>1 male,</b> RCCP: same locality as holotype, 22/08/2005, specimen number: m537; <b>5 males,</b> HNHM: same locality as holotype, 1940 m, 5–20/08/2005, Prieto leg.</p> <p> <b>Description:</b></p> <p> Male: Wings. Forewing average costal length measured from wing base to apex 15.6 mm (n = 7). Hindwing with a short black tail with white tip at the end of vein CuA 1, and with an additional tail two times longer at the end of vein CuA 2; dorsal forewing surface and borders black, with white scales forming short bands between veins M 3 and CuA 2 and another bigger and irregular white band between CuA 2 and wing basal margin; dorsal hind wing surface black on the margin and greyish basally, a large conspicuous wide white band crossing the medial zone from the Costa to the vein CuA 2, two very conspicuous and quadrangular bright blue spots on the hind wing margin, one between the veins CuA 1 and CuA 2 and another between CuA 2 and 2A. Ventral forewing surface light brown, with a conspicuous 3 mm wide white band crossing the wing from the Costa to the vein CuA 2, and another displaced irregular quadrangular white band between veins CuA 2 and 2A. Submarginal white line crossing the ventral forewing from the R 2 to 2A veins; ventral hindwing surface light brown, a large conspicuous wide white band crossing the medial zone from the Costa to the vein CuA 2. A thin white line forming the typical “W” shaped pattern of the Theclinae. Black spot surrounded by orange scales in CuA 1 -CuA 2 accompanied by another small black spot at tornus (Figure 7).</p> <p>Male genitalia: Brush organs absent, gnathos short and robust with a bifid tip and a well-developed tooth in the internal part of the turn. Saccus slender and rectangular in shape (Figure 23).</p> <p>Female: Wings. Forewing average costal length measured from wing base to apex 16.2 mm (n = 9); dorsal wing surface ground color shiny blue with a wide black border reaching half of the discal cell from the costal edge. Dorsal hindwing surface shiny blue with a wide black border not reaching the discal cell. Ventral wing pattern as illustrated (Figure 8).</p> <p> <b>Etymology:</b> This subspecies is named after the Colombian toponymic term meaning “pertaining or related to the department of Valle del Cauca ”, and is treated as a feminine adjective.</p> <p> <b>Diagnosis:</b> The medial band of the forewing ventral side is broader in <i>L. decorata valluna</i> <b>ssp. nov.</b> than in the nominotypical subspecies. We found no other conspicuous wing pattern elements distinguishing this subspecies from the nominotypical subspecies described from Peru (BIN: AEB8254) despite the high intersubspecific mean genetic distance being 3.93% (n = 11 comparisons of barcodes> 600 bp). Based on previous data (Prieto <i>et al.</i> 2021), a distance of more than 4% often indicates specific separation in many Eumaeini genera.</p> <p> <b>Distribution:</b> Colombia in the Aguacatal river basin on the Western Cordillera near Cali, in Valle del Cauca, and in Quinchía, in Risaralda. Altitudinal range 1800–2000 m.</p> <p> <b>Remarks:</b> Males are commonly observed flying on a hilltop in clearings between branches of trees 7–10-m in height in Cerro Brisas, Aguacatal. They were observed to be active between 12:40 and 14:00 hours. Females were found crossing the male territories or in clearings on the hill slopes.</p>Published as part of <i>Prieto, Carlos, Faynel, Christophe & Lorenc-Brudecka, Jadwiga, 2023, Integrative description of two new species and two new subspecies of Lamprospilus Geyer (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae), pp. 145-159 in Zootaxa 5244 (2)</i> on page 153, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5244.2.3, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/7656055">http://zenodo.org/record/7656055</a>
- …
