1,721,017 research outputs found
La struttura cimiteriale nel tempo e la ricerca di un’identità contemporanea
No full textQuando si pensa ad un cimitero l’immagine che viene subito è quella dei cimiteri monumentali recintati, modello di origine napoleonica. Ma non possiamo ipotizzare una struttura cimiteriale adeguata ai nostri tempi basandoci sempre sui modelli del passato. È il momento di ripensare il concetto di cimitero con l’obiettivo di trovare una identità secondo la cultura contemporanea e non lasciarlo configurato dentro un recinto. Viviamo in una società sempre più tecnologica e virtuale, dove la morte si basa sul concetto del ricordo attraverso la memoria e non più sul luogo di sepoltura
Circular Economy Assessment in Different Scales of the Built Environment: Impacts and Sustainable Strategies
No full textUm plano de desenvolvimento sustentável é indispensável para garantir um ambiente resiliente e para conduzir essa transição as Nações Unidas definiram 17 Objetivos de Desenvolvimento Sustentável (ODS). A Economia Circular (EC) aborda as mesmas áreas críticas (econômicas, sociais e ecológicas) e pesquisas demonstram que ela contribui para alcançar um número significativo de metas dos ODS. Um dos setores que a EC está se concentrando em melhorar é o ambiente construído, portanto, para obter uma visão global sobre o tema, este artigo analisa três escalas de intervenção: a microescala de uso e reuso de materiais (ligada ao ODS 9. Indústria, Inovação e Infraestrutura e 12. Consumo e Produção Responsáveis); a mesoescala dos edifícios para melhorar a eficiência energética (vinculado ao ODS 7. Energia Limpa e Acessível); e a macroescala do ambiente urbano e os benefícios de soluções baseadas na natureza para compensar os impactos ambientais (vinculado ao ODS 11. Cidades e
Comunidades Sustentáveis). Observou-se que há uma lacuna de conhecimento sobre sistemas naturais em áreas urbanas, e a recomendação é estimular novas pesquisas utilizando uma metodologia interdisciplinar.A sustainable development plan is indispensable to guarantee a resilient environment, and to drive this transition the United Nations individualized 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). The Circular Economy (CE) addresses the same critical areas (economic, social and ecological) and researches demonstrated that it is of great contribution to achieving a significant number of SDGs targets. One of the sectors that CE focuses on improving is the built environment, so to examine it from a broader perspective, this paper focuses on three scales of intervention: the micro-scale of materials use and reuse (linked to SDGs 9. Industry, Innovation and Infrastructure and 12. Responsible Consumption and Production); the meso-scale of the buildings to improve energy efficiency (linked to SDG 7. Affordable and Clean Energy); and the macro-scale of the urban environment and the benefits of nature-based strategies to compensate ecological impacts (linked to SDG 11. Sustainable Cities and Communities). It was observed that there is a lack of knowledge about natural systems in urban areas, so the recommendation is to encourage further research with an interdisciplinary framework
Pregnancy Diagnosis on Beef Cattle Today
No full textThis publication is directed to beef producers, farmworkers, and Extension agents with the purpose of providing information regarding current pregnancy diagnosis methods for beef cattle. Written by Maria Camila Lopez Duarte, Kalyn Waters, Nick Simmons, and Angela Gonella and published by the UF/IFAS Department of Animal Sciences, May 2024
Aree cimiteriali urbane come infrastruttura verde collettiva: azioni di rigenerazione attraverso il metodo natural burial
No full textLe aree cimiteriali urbane rappresentano spesso un tema affrontato dalle singole amministrazioni locali soprattutto sul piano tecnico-economico e solo marginalmente come strumento di miglioramento dello spazio urbano. In molti casi sono evidenti le potenziali ricadute negative che tali aree possono provocare sulla città, con fenomeni di degrado fisico, ambientale e sociale. In un’ottica di collaborazione alla transizione ecologica, è indispensabile considerare la necessità di intervenire sulla piena inclusione di questi inserti nel tessuto urbano. Con tale premessa si intende introdurre un concetto alternativo di inumazione, il natural burial, con un esempio di best practice che individua una possibile soluzione per le strutture cimiteriali riguardo agli aspetti urbani e ambientali. Successivamente si riflette sull’inserimento di questa nuova forma di sepoltura in spazi liberi all’interno dei perimetri cimiteriali, come nel caso del Cimitero della Certosa di Ferrara, avendo come obiettivo di riferimento il paesaggio urbano e la sua fruizioneUrban cemeteries often represent a topic addressed by local governments individually, mostly on a technical-economic level and just marginally as a tool for improving the urban space. In many cases, the potential negative effects that these structures can cause on the city are evident, with incidents of physical, environmental and social degradation. Seeking to collaborate to the ecological transition, it is essential to consider the need to intervene in the full inclusion of these inserts in the urban fabric. With this premise, this paper intends to introduce an alternative concept of burial, the natural burial, with an example of best practice that identifies a possible solution for cemetery structures concerning urban and environmental aspects. Subsequently, the authors reflect on the insertion of this new type of burial in free spaces within cemetery perimeters, as in the case of the Cimitero della Certosa of Ferrara, having as a reference target the urban landscape and its use
Sustainable regeneration of operating cemetery structures in urban areas. Interdisciplinary assessment and development of a guidance system to support the decision-making process
No full textL'area urbana è soggetta a degrado a causa di fattori ambientali e al forte carico antropico della città. Attualmente, si stanno moltiplicando interventi per rigenerare non solo il patrimonio edilizio esistente, ma anche gli spazi esterni. Lo scopo è quello di ridurre i principali problemi urbani di perdita di biodiversità, frammentazione del paesaggio, impatti negativi sulla salute fisica e sul benessere, cambiamento climatico e inquinamento.
In questo scenario, sono ancora pochi i casi in cui i cimiteri sono considerati capaci di contribuire a rendere le città più resilienti e più sane. Queste strutture potrebbero avere un maggiore impatto sulla sostenibilità degli ambienti urbani se fossero considerate più come un'infrastruttura essenziale e non esclusivamente come luoghi sacri. In quest'ottica, la ricerca mira a stabilire un sistema di indirizzo per la rigenerazione sostenibile delle strutture cimiteriali situate in aree urbanizzate.
È stato quindi fondamentale condurre un'analisi degli aspetti culturali, biologici, legislativi, gestionali e architettonici, ambiti interdisciplinari con cui la ricerca dialoga. Questo quadro unico evidenzia la complessità dei cimiteri e le loro molteplici esigenze attraverso un esame critico dello stato dell'arte a partire di una revisione dell’attuale letteratura.
Successivamente sono state condotte numerose interviste con ricercatori ed esperti internazionali nelle aree di interesse, approfondendo l'attuale contesto del tema e confrontandolo con le informazioni teoriche. Inoltre, sono state effettuati sopralluoghi in diverse strutture cimiteriali per documentare e valutare le tipologie cimiteriali all'interno del contesto urbano, esaminare esempi di buone pratiche e approfondire il tema della gestione del cimitero.
In questo modo, la struttura cimiteriale è stata classificata in quattro contesti: infrastruttura urbana, ambiente esterno, edificio e patrimonio culturale. Per ogni contesto sono stati identificati e interpretati gli elementi funzionali responsabili per incidere sull’organizzazione e la vita dei cimiteri. Tale approccio ha permesso di definire i cimiteri come infrastruttura, così come di determinare le esigenze e i requisiti per garantire l'uso dello spazio, ridurre gli impatti ambientali, migliorare la qualità del paesaggio urbano e valorizzare gli aspetti culturali presente all'interno delle aree sepolcrali.
Una serie di strategie e indicazioni adottate da protocolli di certificazione energetico-ambientale esistenti, nonostante siano originariamente nati per essere applicati su ambienti costruiti diversi dai cimiteri, sono state prese come riferimento e adattate all'oggetto di studio. Gli interventi di riqualificazione dei cimiteri esistenti possono apportare un beneficio in termini di integrazione funzionale e tecnologica, sostenendo la definizione di azioni operative per promuovere livelli più elevati di sostenibilità nelle aree urbane.
Infine, è stata definita una procedura operativa per la valutazione e progettazione di un intervento di rigenerazione dei cimiteri. Questo strumento di indirizzo mira a una gestione più sostenibile delle strutture cimiteriali per guidare gli attori delle iniziative pubbliche e private con una visione strategica della progettazione integrata. L’obiettivo è di supportare il processo decisionale durante le fasi di progettazione degli interventi sui cimiteri esistenti e generare le basi scientifiche per supportare la ricerca futura in questo settore.The urban area is subject to deterioration due to environmental factors and the strong anthropic load of the city. Interventions through the implementation of new strategies to regenerate not only the existing building heritage, but also the outdoor spaces, are multiplying. The purpose is to reverse the main urban problems of loss of biodiversity, landscape fragmentation, negative health impacts, climate change and pollution.
In this scenario, there are few cases where cemeteries are mentioned as capable of making cities more resilient and healthier. These structures could have a greater impact on sustainable urban environments if they were considered more as an essential infrastructure and not exclusively as sacred places. From this perspective, the research aims to establish a guidance system for the sustainable regeneration of cemetery structures located in urbanized areas.
Therefore, it was essential to conduct an analysis of the cultural, biological, legislative, management and architectural aspects, interdisciplinary areas with which the research dialogues. This unique framework highlights the complexity of cemeteries and their multiple needs through a critical examination of the state of the art from a review of the current literature.
Afterwards, numerous interviews were conducted with international researchers and experts in the areas of interest, investigating the current context of the topic in detail and comparing it with the theoretical information. In addition, site observations were carried out in several cemetery structures to document and evaluate different cemetery types within the urban context, examine examples of best practices and investigate the management of the cemetery.
In this way, the cemetery was classified into four contexts: urban infrastructure, outdoor environment, built asset and cultural heritage. For each context, functional elements responsible for affecting the organization and life of cemeteries were identified and interpreted. This approach made it possible to define cemeteries as an infrastructure as well as to determine the needs and requirements to guarantee the use of space, reduce environmental impacts, improve the quality of the urban landscape and enhance the cultural aspects present within burial areas.
A series of strategies and indications adopted in existing energy-environmental certification protocols, originally created to be applied on built environments other than cemeteries, were used as reference and adapted to the object of study. The redevelopment actions of existing cemeteries can bring a benefit in functional and technological integration. It supported the definition of operational actions to promote higher levels of sustainability in urban areas.
Finally, an operating procedure was developed for the evaluation and planning of an intervention project on cemeteries. This orientation tool characterizes the guidance system for sustainable management of cemetery structures to guide actors of public and private initiatives with a strategic vision of integrated planning. It supports the decision-making process during the planning stages of interventions on existing cemeteries and aimed to generate the scientific basis to support future research in this area
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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