1,720,972 research outputs found
Nutritional Status Trends in Brazilian Preschoolers: A Cohort Study
No full textMade available in DSpace on 2019-09-12T16:53:47Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0
Previous issue date: 2019Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)Background: Determining trends in the nutritional status of children may guide care prevention beyond this age in an effort to reduce the prevalence and incidence of overweight and/or obese children. The objective of this study is to evaluate the evolution of the nutritional status of preschool children in two moments, with an interval of 2 years. Methods: This is a cohort study of a random probabilistic sample of preschool children attending public schools within an urban area of high human development index city, in the hinterland of Sao Paulo state. In 2016, we reassessed the nutritional status of 351 preschoolers evaluated in 2014, comparing the prevalence of overweight according to BMI >1 z-score. Results: The prevalence of overweight was 31.05% (2014) and 31.06% (2016) and mean BMI z-scores were 0.58 and 0.57, respectively. The nutritional status classification of the preschool children showed almost no agreement between the two time points (kappa = 0.053). Nevertheless, children with overweight in 2014 had a relative risk of 1.96 of being overweight or obese in 2016 (p = 0.0473). Conclusions: Prevalence of overweight among preschoolers was the same at 2 and 5 years of age, with no tendency to grow. Despite this, 2-year-old preschoolers with overweight present a twofold higher relative risk for excessive weight at 5 years of age. These changes of nutritional status at preschool age evince the great flexibility of their nutritional condition during this period of life.[Lopes, Amanda Forster; Gallo, Paulo Rogerio; Bertoli, Ciro; Leone, Claudio] Univ Sao Paulo, Publ Hlth Sch, Dept Hlth Life Cycle & Soc, Sao Paulo, Brazil[Braga Rocha, Elida Mara] Univ Sao Paulo, Dept Nutr, Sao Paulo, Brazil[Pereira, Silvia Maira] Universidade de Taubaté (Unitau), Dept Nurse & Nutr[Nascimento, Viviane Gabriela] Univ Paulista, Sao Paulo, Brazi
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Evolution of the nutritional status of pre-school children
No full textINTRODUÇÄO - A alta prevalência de crianças com peso acima da normalidade é tida atualmente como um dos maiores problemas de saúde pública, por se tratar de uma condição de origem multifatorial e pelas suas complexas implicações imediatas na saúde biopsicossocial, tanto na infância quando na vida adulta. Admite-se que o monitoramento do crescimento através da antropometria permita que se detecte de forma precoce agravos à saúde e situações de risco nutricional, como o excesso de peso e a obesidade. Nesse sentido, observar a evolução do estado nutricional de crianças com excesso de peso bem como identificar os novos casos e os possíveis indicadores antropométricos que se relacionam com essa condição podem ser ferramentas úteis para os cuidados de saúde da população. OBJETIVOS - Analisar o estado nutricional e sua evolução em crianças que frequentam pré-escolas municipais da cidade de Taubaté, em dois momentos, com intervalo de dois anos: 2014 e 2016. MÉTODOS - Estudo observacional analítico, de coorte, com uma amostra de pré-escolares na cidade de Taubaté, interior do Estado de São Paulo - Brasil. Foi realizada, em 2016, a reavaliação do estado nutricional das 351 crianças frequentadoras de creches municipais. Comparou-se a frequência de excesso de peso (EP - escore z de índice de massa corpórea >1) nos dois momentos e analisou-se a relação entre o estado nutricional dos pré-escolares posterior e seu estado nutricional e estatura prévios, assim como com os demais parâmetros antropométricos coletados: área muscular e área gorda do braço e circunferência da cintura. RESULTADOS - Os valores médios de escore z de estatura (zE), de peso (zP) e de índice de massa corpórea (zIMC) em 2014 foram, respectivamente, -0,07; 0,37 e 0,58 e em 2016: 0,09; 0,43 e 0,57. A proporção de crianças com EP foi de 31,05% (2014) e 31,06% (2016). O risco relativo de crianças com EP em 2014 apresentarem sobrepeso ou obesidade em 2016 foi de 1,96 (p: 0,0473). A correlação foi positiva (r: 0,2761; p 1) was compared at both moments and the relationship between the nutritional status of the pre-schoolers and their previous nutritional status and height was analyzed, as well as the other anthropometric parameters collected: muscular area and fat area of the arm and waist circumference. RESULTS - Mean values of height z score (zH), weight (zW) and body mass index (zBMI) in 2014 were, respectively, -0.07; 0.37 and 0.58 and in 2016: 0.09; 0.43 and 0.57. The proportion of children with OW was 31.05% (2014) and 31.06% (2016). The relative risk of children with OW in 2014 being obese in 2016 was 1.96 (p: 0.0473). The correlation was positive (r: 0.2761, p <0.0001) between the zH difference and the zBMI difference in the two years. The zBMI in 2014 analyzed in tertile showed no correlation (p: 0.1309) with the gain in stature in the two years. Muscle area and fat area of the arm had a significant association with zBMI in 2014 (0.46 and 0.48) and in 2016 (0.68 and 0.76), respectively. Waist circumference had a statistically significant correlation (r = 0.5307) (p <0.0001) with the height presented by children in 2016. CONCLUSIONS - The frequency of children with OW remained stable for two years. Children in the third year of life with OW are twice as likely to be obese by age 5 and greater stature at this age is associated with changes in body composition that may result in higher BMI, greater waist circumference, higher lean mass and a proportionally greater increase in fat mass
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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