1,721,153 research outputs found
International mobility and education inequality among Brazilian undergraduate students
Full text linkIn the last fifteen years, the Brazilian government has implemented educational
policies intended to expand access to higher education for students from disadvantaged
socioeconomic backgrounds. At the same time, research has observed
the increase in the demand for international mobility of students from middle and
upper classes. This PhD thesis aimed to understand the e↵ect of international
mobility among Brazilian undergraduate students on educational inequality by
examining the Science Without Borders (SWB) programme. This programme
was established in July 2011 by the Brazilian Federal Government with the aim
to promote the expansion and the internationalisation of science and technology,
and increase Brazilian competitiveness through international exchange and mobility.
The programme distributed 101,000 scholarships between 2011 and 2015
for undergraduate and graduate Brazilian students to study in a foreign university.
The thesis draws on research on educational inequalities and international mobility.
The research on education inequalities showed that in many developed countries,
after the expansion of education, students from privileged socioeconomic
backgrounds seek to maintain their education advantage through distinctive educational
trajectories. The international mobility research also indicated that students
from more advantageous socioeconomic backgrounds are more likely to pursue
international mobility as a strategy for maintaining their privilege. However,
international mobility programmes that o↵er financial bursary attract students
from lower socioeconomic backgrounds as well. Hence, this research examined
whether international mobility programmes which o↵er scholarships may operate
as a mechanism for opening up opportunities in the education system.
The dataset used for the study was created thanks to the collaboration of three
di↵erent intuitions: the two funding bodies of the SWB programme and the National
Institute for Educational Studies and Research (INEP). The negotiations
to access the data lasted around a year and a half, and was only agreed after
the anonymity of the students were guaranteed. INEP merged data from the
High School National Exam (ENEM) datasets with the information provided by
the two funding bodies to identify students who attended the SWB programme
between 2011 and 2014.
Probit regression models were used to examine the association between students’
socioeconomic backgrounds and the likelihood of participating in the SWB programme.
The models showed that students with parents with higher levels of
education and higher income were more likely to receive a SWB scholarship.
In other words, there was inequality in access to the programme. Therefore,
the financial bursary o↵ered by the Brazilian government did not eliminate the
e↵ect of students’ socioeconomic characteristics on access to this programme.
Multilevel models were used to analyse the association between students’ socioeconomic
background and prestige of the foreign university attended. The models
demonstrated that there was also inequality within the SWB programme: students from more advantageous socioeconomic background tended to study in more
prestigious universities. These results corroborate the results from the international
mobility literature and suggest that students from privileged socioeconomic
backgrounds might pursue international mobility to maintain educational advantages.
These results have important implications for educational policies in Brazil. In
addition to the e↵ort to expand access to higher education, the government should
also assure that inequalities are not being transferred to other areas, such as in
the case of international mobility
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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