764 research outputs found
Insulin/IGF-I and Related Signaling Pathways Regulate Aging in Nondividing Cells: from Yeast to the Mammalian Brain
No full textMutations that reduce glucose or insulin/insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) signaling increase longevity in organisms ranging from yeast to mammals. Over the past 10 years, several studies confirmed this conserved molecular strategy of longevity regulation, and many more have been added to the complex mosaic that links stress resistance and aging. In this review, we will analyze the similarities that have emerged over the last decade between longevity regulatory pathways in organisms ranging from yeast, nematodes, and fruit flies to mice. We will focus on the role of yeast signal transduction proteins Ras, Tor, Sch9, Sir2, their homologs in higher organisms, and their association to oxidative stress and protective systems. We will discuss how the “molecular strategy” responsible for life span extension in response to dietary and genetic manipulations appears to be remarkably conserved in various organisms and cells, including neuronal cells in different organisms. Taken together, these studies indicate that simple model systems will contribute to our comprehension of aging of the mammalian nervous system and will stimulate novel neurotherapeutic strategies in humans
Yeast Chronological Lifespan: Longevity Regulatory Genes and Mechanisms
No full textS. cerevisiae plays a pivotal role as a model system in understanding the biochemistry and molecular biology of mammals including humans. A considerable portion of our knowledge on the genes and pathways involved in cellular growth, resistance to toxic agents, and death has in fact been generated using this model organism. The yeast chronological lifespan (CLS) is a paradigm to study age-dependent damage and longevity. In combination with powerful genetic screening and high throughput technologies, the CLS has allowed the identification of longevity genes and pathways but has also introduced a unicellular “test tube” model system to identify and study macromolecular and cellular damage leading to diseases. In addition, it has played an important role in studying the nutrients and dietary regimens capable of affecting stress resistance and longevity and allowing the characterization of aging regulatory networks. The parallel description of the pro-aging roles of homologs of RAS, S6 kinase, adenylate cyclase, and Tor in yeast and in higher eukaryotes in S. cerevisiae chronological survival studies is valuable to understand human aging and disease. Here we review work on the S. cerevisiae chronological lifespan with a focus on the genes regulating age-dependent macromolecular damage and longevity extension
The chronological life span of Saccharomyces cerevisiae to study mitochondrial dysfunction and disease
No full textValter Hugo Mãe’s disfigured Middle Ages
No full text• Este estudio es una versión actualizada del artículo “O medievalismo na atualidade : o caso de «O remorso de Baltazar Serapião»”, publicado en 2016 en la revista "Estrema".RESUMEN: Valter Hugo Mãe (Saurimo, 1971) crea en la novela «O remorso de Baltazar Serapião» (2006, Premio José Saramago) una sociedad «medieval» violenta, pobre y supersticiosa, sobre la cual construye una alegoría sobre la humanidad. En este artículo, se propone un estudio crítico acerca de la medievalidad grotesca y brumosa que la novela propone a sus lectores/as, analizando de qué forma la distancia irónica permite trazar un retrato social que en muchos aspectos podría trasladarse a los días de hoy. Concretamente, se analizan algunos aspectos relacionados con la violencia física y psicológica ejercidas por los personajes masculinos sobre las mujeres. Como se intentará explicar, pese a la distancia temporal, el autor consigue presentar muchas de las diferencias entre ambos momentos históricos como aparentes y superficiales, argumentando indirectamente que la naturaleza humana es esencialmente la misma, encarando así con ironía la supuesta superioridad civilizacional de la actualidad.ABSTRACT: Valter Hugo Mãe (Saurimo, 1971) in his novel “o remorso de baltazar serapião” (2006, José Saramago Prize), constructs a violent, impoverished, and superstitious ‘medieval’ society as an allegorical reflection on humanity. This article offers a critical analysis of the grotesque and shadowy medievalism presented in the novel, exploring how the use of ironic distance enables the author to craft a social portrait that, in many ways, resonates with contemporary realities. Particularly, we examine some aspects related to the physical and psychological violence perpetrated by male characters against women. Despite the historical distance, the author reveals many of the apparent differences between past and present as superficial, implicitly arguing that human nature remains fundamentally unchanged, casting an ironic light on our presumed civilizational superiority.Depto. de Estudios Románicos, Franceses, Italianos y TraducciónFac. de FilologíaTRUEpu
Valter klär sig fin
No full textI dagens butikssortiment finns det I de flesta fall blått, grönt och murrigt till pojkarna och rosa, röda och glittriga kläder till flickorna. Även snittet och materialet i kläderna är olika, trots att barn har rätt lika kroppar. Att hitta en polisskjorta på flickavdelningen eller en prinsesskrona på pojkavdelningen händer ju inte varje dag precis. Detta fick formgivaren inom mig att fundera. Varför finns det en så pass tydlig uppdelning av kläder och produkter för barn idag? Syftet med examensarbetet är att jag fördjupar mig i ämnet barn och genus, men även att visa upp och utveckla mitt visuella kunnande både i slutprodukten och i själva examensarbetet. Arbetet är ett samarbete med författaren Helena Bross. Helena har skrivit en berättelse om Valter, 6 år, som inte vill klä sig i spända byxor, utan klänning. Min uppgift har varit att ge ett ansikte till Valter och illustrera barnboken ”Valter klär sig fin”. Arbetet avslutas med en biprodukt, Valter dockan, som kan kombineras med bilderboken. Målet med detta examensarbete är att öppna någon läsares ögon gällande barn och genus problemet, men även göra det jag kan som formgivare för att skapa en värld där pojkar också kan klä sig i klänning.In today's stores range there is in most cases, blue, green and blurry colors for the boys and pink, red and sparkly outfits for the girls. Even the cut and the material of the clothes are different, although children (boys and girls) have similar bodies. Finding a police shirt on the girls' department or a princess crown on the boy's doesn’t happen every day. This made the designer in me to think. Why is there such a clear division of clothing and products for children today?
The purpose of this study is to immerse myself in the subject children and gender, but also to showcase and develop my visual skills both in the final product and in the study. The work is collaboration with the author Helena Bross. Helena has written a story about Valter, age 6, who does not want to dress in tight pants, but in a dress. My job was to give a face to Valter and illustrate the children's book "Valter klär sig fin". The work is completed with a second product, The Valter doll, which may be combined with the book. The goal of this thesis is to open someone's eyes in the children and gender problem, but also to do what I can as a designer to create a world where boys can also wear a dress
Valter Hugo Mãe: o filho de mil textos
No full textThe thesis synthesizes the main lines of the cultural project elaborated by the Angolan Portuguese author Valter Hugo Lemos. He became a award-winning wrtier and his speech
has become important in the media. This prominent position for a literature author
nowadays asks for an analysis on the most important aspects of his artistic-cultural
production. We dedicate part of the research to the observation of the author profile and the
marks of his consecration in the literary field. The features of his narrators – both in novels
and public performances – are assembled in order to outline a style that walks through all
his discursive production. Therefore, we have researcheed the most diverse registers (like
poems or children's short stories) in order to thematically approach his writing and his
preoccupations. Since the concern for a humanizing citizenship is fundamental for the
author, we have read some studies of psychoanalysis and philosophy to ground that its
cultural project is based on the assumption of the importance of the founding lack of the "I"
and of the necessary encounter with the "other". In this sense, the study of the family is
important as the starting point of this encounter and of this lack in the literature of Valter
Hugo Mãe - his most recent signature. Finally, the status of the marginalized characters,
with emphasis on the homosexual character of his central novel in our point of view (The
son of a thousand men), will serve to demonstrate the concept of humanization, the basis of
the art and the project for the culture that is elaborated by the writer.O trabalho busca sintetizar as principais linhas do projeto cultural elaborado pelo autor
angolano-português Valter Hugo Lemos. Além de laureado, o autor se tornou uma
importante voz no meio midiático, criando uma posição autoral de destaque, que torna
urgente a necessidade de uma análise sobre os aspectos mais importantes de sua produção
artístico-cultural. Dedicamos parte da pesquisa à observação do perfil autoral e das marcas
de sua consagração no campo literário. A partir das características dos seus narradores –
que encontramos nos romances ou em performances públicas –, tentamos delinear um
estilema que uma sua produção discursiva. Sondando os mais diversos registros (como
poemas ou contos infantis), buscamos aproximar tematicamente sua escrita e suas
preocupações. Colocando em destaque a preocupação com a formação de uma cidadania
humanizadora, recorremos a estudos da psicanálise e da filosofia para ancorar a percepção
de que seu projeto cultural se baseia na assunção da importância da falta fundante do “eu” e
do encontro necessário com o “outro”. Nesse sentido, o estudo da família irá se mostrar
importante como ponto de partida desse encontro e dessa falta na literatura de Valter Hugo
Mãe – sua assinatura mais recente. Por fim, o estatuto dos personagens marginalizados,
com destaque para o personagem homossexual de sua obra central para nossa análise (O
filho de mil homens), servirá para demonstrar o conceito de humanização, base da arte e do
projeto para a cultura que elabora o escritor
VALTER HUGO MAE: THE SON OF A THOUSAND TEXTS.
No full textThe thesis synthesizes the main lines of the cultural project elaborated by the Angolan-Portuguese author Valter Hugo Lemos. He became a award-winning wrtier and his speech has become important in the media. This prominent position for a literature author nowadays asks for an analysis on the most important aspects of his artistic-cultural production. We dedicate part of the research to the observation of the author profile and the marks of his consecration in the literary field. The features of his narrators – both in novels and public performances – are assembled in order to outline a style that walks through all his discursive production. Therefore, we have researcheed the most diverse registers (like poems or children's short stories) in order to thematically approach his writing and his preoccupations. Since the concern for a humanizing citizenship is fundamental for the author, we have read some studies of psychoanalysis and philosophy to ground that its cultural project is based on the assumption of the importance of the founding lack of the "I" and of the necessary encounter with the "other". In this sense, the study of the family is important as the starting point of this encounter and of this lack in the literature of Valter Hugo Mãe - his most recent signature. Finally, the status of the marginalized characters, with emphasis on the homosexual character of his central novel in our point of view (The son of a thousand men), will serve to demonstrate the concept of humanization, the basis of the art and the project for the culture that is elaborated by the writer.O trabalho busca sintetizar as principais linhas do projeto cultural elaborado pelo autor angolano-português Valter Hugo Lemos. Além de laureado, o autor se tornou uma importante voz no meio midiático, criando uma posição autoral de destaque, que torna urgente a necessidade de uma análise sobre os aspectos mais importantes de sua produção artístico-cultural. Dedicamos parte da pesquisa à observação do perfil autoral e das marcas de sua consagração no campo literário. A partir das características dos seus narradores – que encontramos nos romances ou em performances públicas –, tentamos delinear um estilema que uma sua produção discursiva. Sondando os mais diversos registros (como poemas ou contos infantis), buscamos aproximar tematicamente sua escrita e suas preocupações. Colocando em destaque a preocupação com a formação de uma cidadania humanizadora, recorremos a estudos da psicanálise e da filosofia para ancorar a percepção de que seu projeto cultural se baseia na assunção da importância da falta fundante do “eu” e do encontro necessário com o “outro”. Nesse sentido, o estudo da família irá se mostrar importante como ponto de partida desse encontro e dessa falta na literatura de Valter Hugo Mãe – sua assinatura mais recente. Por fim, o estatuto dos personagens marginalizados, com destaque para o personagem homossexual de sua obra central para nossa análise (O filho de mil homens), servirá para demonstrar o conceito de humanização, base da arte e do projeto para a cultura que elabora o escritor
Fasting and cancer: molecular mechanisms and clinical application
No full textThe vulnerability of cancer cells to nutrient deprivation and their dependency on specific metabolites are emerging hallmarks of cancer. Fasting or fasting-mimicking diets (FMDs) lead to wide alterations in growth factors and in metabolite levels, generating environments that can reduce the capability of cancer cells to adapt and survive and thus improving the effects of cancer therapies. In addition, fasting or FMDs increase resistance to chemotherapy in normal but not cancer cells and promote regeneration in normal tissues, which could help prevent detrimental and potentially life-threatening side effects of treatments. While fasting is hardly tolerated by patients, both animal and clinical studies show that cycles of low-calorie FMDs are feasible and overall safe. Several clinical trials evaluating the effect of fasting or FMDs on treatment-emergent adverse events and on efficacy outcomes are ongoing. We propose that the combination of FMDs with chemotherapy, immunotherapy or other treatments represents a potentially promising strategy to increase treatment efficacy, prevent resistance acquisition and reduce side effects
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