8,618 research outputs found
“Adiós sui generis” : A Study of the legal Feasibility of the Sui Generis Right in the Context of Research Biobanks
No full textThe European protection of databases has been criticized for having a negative impact on the scientific development and the process of discovery. In the paper it is checked whether one of the most important research infrastructures, such as biobanks, could be entitled with the sui generis right as shaped within the current European legal system
The ECtHR’s Ilias and Ahmed and the CJEU’s FMS-case: a difficult reconciliation? A look at the divergent jurisprudence on the concept of detention in European Asylum Law
No full textRecently, two important judgments concerning detention in European Asylum law were issued: the Ilias and Ahmed case of the ECtHR and the FMS-case of the CJEU. Both Courts had to decide on the question whether the situation of asylum seekers in the Hungarian Röszke transit zone amounted to detention. Notwithstanding the similar facts of the cases, no violation of Article 5 ECHR was found by the ECtHR, whereas the CJEU clearly condemned Hungary for its violation of EU Asylum Law. This raises questions concerning the reconcilability and long-term effects of the two judgments.
--
Kürzlich sind zwei wichtige Urteile zu Freiheitsentzug im europäischen Asylrecht ergangen: Ilias und Ahmed gegen Ungarn des EGMR und der FMS-Fall des EuGH. Beide Gerichte hatten zu entscheiden, ob die Situation von Asylsuchenden in der ungarischen Transitzone Röszke einer Freiheitsentziehung entsprach. Obwohl den Urteilen vergleichbare Sachverhalte zugrunde lagen, stellte der EGMR keine Verletzung von Artikel 5 EMRK fest, während der EUGH Ungarn für die Verletzung des EU-Asylrechts verurteilte. Dies wirft Fragen nach der Vereinbarkeit und den langfristigen Auswirkungen der beiden Urteile auf.
--
Récemment, deux arrêts importants relatifs de la privation de liberté en droit d\u27asile européen ont été rendus : Ilias et Ahmed c. Hongrie de la Cour européenne des droits de l\u27homme, et l\u27affaire FMS de la CJUE. Les deux tribunaux devaient décider si la situation des demandeurs d\u27asile dans la zone de transit hongroise de Röszke constituait une privation de liberté. Bien que ces arrêts soient fondés sur des faits comparables, la Cour européenne des droits de l\u27homme n\u27a constaté aucune violation de l\u27article 5 de la CEDH, tandis que la CJUE a estimé que la Hongrie avait clairement violé la législation européenne en matière d\u27asile. Cela soulève des questions concernant la conciliation et les effets à long terme de ces deux décisions
The Long-men Grottoes in the Sui Dynasty
No full textThe Long-men grottoes in the Sui dynasty were rarely known except a few niches with the name of the era. Therefore, it has generally been thought that few Buddhist grottoes were made in the Sui dynasty. However, since the careful examinations of wall paindepartmental bulletin pape
Easy Flow: New Generation Business Process Model
No full textNow workflow technique is almost the unique candidate to handle a business process in a software application. But graph based traditional workflow is not enough flexible in software engineer which is well known since it was introduced from manufacture industry in 1980s. Until now how to make workflow more flexible is also an unresolved problem in workflow technique which is a serious bottleneck for its popularization, although many efforts have been done to advance it. Author thinks it is wrong to design a process model based on graph theory, which is just the reason to cause workflow so inflexible. In this paper, author presents new generation process model Easy Flow based on task and its semantic, which is easy to understand, design, modify and refactor a business process. Easy Flow model is completely different with workflow model, which is more adept to control a "changing" business process in an enterprise application. Easy Flow will replace workflow to realize real business process management in future applications.http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000275896500014&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=8e1609b174ce4e31116a60747a720701Computer Science, Hardware & ArchitectureComputer Science, Information SystemsComputer Science, Theory & MethodsEICPCI-S(ISTP)
Spinoza on Causa Sui
No full textFor many of Spinoza's contemporaries and predecessors the very notion of causa sui was utterly absurd, akin to a Baron Munchausen attempting to lift himself above a river by pulling his hair up. This chapter examines Descartes’ engagement with the notion of causa sui, and shows that Spinoza understood the causation of causa sui as efficient, and not formal, causation. Proving the existence of God was the stated aim of Descartes’ Third Meditation. Descartes’ response to Caterus is pretty simple: he denies that efficient causation must be spread in time. Descartes’ surprising response to Caterus drew the attention of Antoine Arnauld, the author of the Fourth Set of Objections, and, at the time, a doctoral student of theology at the Sorbonne. The young Spinoza must have watched Descartes’ struggle with the notion of causa sui with great interest
Spinoza on Causa Sui
No full textFor many of Spinoza's contemporaries and predecessors the very notion of causa sui was utterly absurd, akin to a Baron Munchausen attempting to lift himself above a river by pulling his hair up. This chapter examines Descartes’ engagement with the notion of causa sui, and shows that Spinoza understood the causation of causa sui as efficient, and not formal, causation. Proving the existence of God was the stated aim of Descartes’ Third Meditation. Descartes’ response to Caterus is pretty simple: he denies that efficient causation must be spread in time. Descartes’ surprising response to Caterus drew the attention of Antoine Arnauld, the author of the Fourth Set of Objections, and, at the time, a doctoral student of theology at the Sorbonne. The young Spinoza must have watched Descartes’ struggle with the notion of causa sui with great interest
Optimal taxation in R&D driven endogenous growth models
No full textE' possibile incrementare il benessere e la crescita mediante imposte in somma fissa, il cui gettito non venga usato produttivamente? E' possibile incrementare il benessere e la crescita mediante imposte sul reddito da capitale i cui proventi vengano usati per sussidiare i salari? In questo lavoro dimostriamo come la risposta ad entrame le domande possa essere positiva in modelli di crescita endogena trainata da Ricerca e Sviluppo, sia del tipo con espansione della varietà dei beni sia del tipo con aumento della qualità dei beni. Il meccanismo chiave è l'aumento dell'offerta di lavoro che le politiche descritte possono indurre. Tali politiche agiranno sui due tipi di esternalità nel modello, la prima statica la seconda dinamica. Il peso relativo di queste esternalità determinerà il segno dell'effetto totale delle politiche sul benessere sociale. Mostriamo come, per valori dei parametri coerenti con le stime disponibili, crescita e benessere possano aumentare introducendo imposte in somma fissa, il cui gettito venga sprecato, mentre il programma di tassazione del capitale e sussidi ai salari possa aumentare il benessere, anche se la crescita può ridursi.Is it possible to increase growth and welfare by raising lump-sum taxes and disposing of the tax revenues? Is it possible to increase welfare by raising capital income taxes and redistributing the revenue as a subsidy to labor income? This thesis shows these may indeed be the case in
standard R&D models with technological change, represented either by an increase in the variety of intermediate goods or by creative destruction. The key mechanism is that with elastic labor supply the tax programs can
increase the employment rate in equilibrium. This creates two spillover effects on the R&D pace. In addition the tax programs themselves will have level effect on the instantaneous utility. The relative momentums of the spillovers and the level effect determine the sign of the welfare effect. It is shown that, for parameter values consistent with available estimates,
the growth and welfare can both be improved under the wasted lump-sum tax program, and that the welfare effect can be positive even if the long-run growth rate decreases after the increase in the capital income tax
rate
Forecast horizon of 5th – 6th – 7th long wave and short-period of contraction in economic cycles
No full textThe purpose of this essay is to determine the forecast horizon of the fifth, sixth and seventh long wave. As the period of each long wave can change according to the data, it has been used a deterministic approach, based on historical chronologies of USA and UK economies worked out by several scholars, to determine average timing, period and forecast error of future long waves. In addition, the analysis shows that long waves have average upwave period longer than average downwave one. This result is also confirmed by US Business Cycles that have average contractions shorter than expansions phase over time.Forecast Horizon, Long Waves, Kondratieff Waves, Business Cycles, Asymmetric Path
Parasitic copepods from Egyptian Red Sea fishes: Bomolochidae Claus, 1875
No full text© The Author(s) 2015
Open Access - This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The attached file is the published version of the article.NHM Repositor
- …
