1,720,953 research outputs found
SAVing the Internet: Measuring the adoption of Source Address Validation (SAV) by network providers
No full textIP spoofing is the act of forging source IP addresses assigned to a host machine. Spoofing provides users the ability to hide their identity and impersonate another machine. Malicious users use spoofing to invoke a variety of attacks. Examples are Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attacks, policy evasion and a range of application-level attacks. Despite source IP address spoofing being a known vulnerability for at least 25 years, and despite many efforts to shed light on the problem, spoofing remains a popular attack method for redirection, amplification and anonymity. Defeating these attacks requires operators to ensure that their networks filter packets with spoofed source IP addresses. This is a Best Current Practice (BCP), known as Source Address Validation (SAV). Yet, widespread SAV adoption is hindered by a misalignment of incentives: networks that adopt SAV incur the cost of deployment, while the security benefits diffuse to all other networks. The challenges posed by SAV adoption exemplify the failure of traditional governance models to provide solutions in the Internet ecosystem. Policy interventions usually require transparency in measurements to quantify and assess the vulnerability landscape. However, measuring SAV requires a vantage point inside the network or in the upstream provider of the network. Once a packet with a spoofed source address leaves the upstream network provider, it is almost impossible to ascertain its origin...Organisation & Governanc
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Fighting Child Sexual Abuse Material better together: A stakeholder central review of the government policies
No full textThis study aims to make recommendations about how the Internet can be more thoroughly cleaned of Child Sexual Abuse Material (CSAM), focusing on the Dutch government policies. In the past years, several organizations, including the European Commission, called out the Netherlands for the role Dutch companies have in the hosting of CSAM. According to INHOPE, the CSAM hotline umbrella organization, the Netherlands is responsible for 20\% of the hosted CSAM worldwide and 79\% within the EU. For this study, a mixed-methods approach is chosen. A mixed-methods approach combines a qualitative and a quantitative method. The qualitative analysis is used to reveal relevant stakeholders, their positions, how they participate in the policymaking process, how they evaluate the government policies, and what they believe are the most significant improvements to the system. The quantitative results map information flows and processing times of the Dutch CSAM NTD mechanism. Combining the qualitative and quantitative research has revealed several pitfalls. Firstly, much CSAM remains unfound. Secondly, hotlines have a very important but also insecure position in the government policies. Further, are direct incentives for the sector more than moral duty are missing and the organizational degree of the sector is low. Also, the set norms and policies of the government and self-regulation are not accounting for the high diversity of the sector. There is a lack of financial resources. Finally, several stakeholders question the adequacy of law enforcement in regard to CSAM. Consequently, recommendations in three areas are made: (1) expanding and strengthen the current policies, (2) enhancing the collaboration between the stakeholders and their own position and (3) introducing new policy initiatives.Engineering and Policy Analysi
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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